Nremt practice test bank

NREMT Practice Test Bank - V V V V




VMultiple Choice Questions and Answers
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AlreadyPassed V




HypoglycemiaVandVacuteVischemicVstrokeVcanVpresentVsimilarlyVbecause:


• A:bothVoxygenVandVglucoseVareVneededVforVbrainVfunction.
• B:theVmajorityVofVstrokeVpatientsVhaveVaVhistoryVofVdiabetes.
• C:theVmostVcommonVcauseVofVaVstrokeVisVhypoglycemia.
• D:theyVareVbothVcausedV byVlowVlevelsVofV glucoseVinVtheVblood.V✔✔•VA:bothVoxygenVandV gluco
seVareVneededVforVbrainVfunction.


Reason:VAlthoughVstrokeVandVhypoglycemiaVareVtwoVdistinctlyVdifferentVconditions,VtheirVsignsVan
d
symptomsVareVoftenVsimilar.VThisVisVbecauseVtheVbrainVrequiresVbothVoxygenVandVglucoseVtoVfuncti
on
normally.V AnV acuteV ischemicV strokeV isV causedV byV aV lackV ofV oxygenV toV aV partV ofV theV brainV dueV to
Va
blockedVcerebralVartery,VwhereasVhypoglycemiaV(lowVbloodVglucoseVlevel)VdeprivesVtheVentireVbrai
n
ofV glucose.V InV eitherV case,V theV patientV presentsV withV signsV ofV impairedV brainV functionV (ie,V slurr
ed
speech,Vweakness,ValteredVmentalVstatus).VBothVconditionsVmayVleadVtoVpermanentVbrainVdamageV
or
deathVifVnotVtreatedVpromptly.


WhenVdealingVwithVanVemotionallyVdisturbedVpatient,VyouVshouldVbeVMOSTVconcernedVwith:
• A:gatheringVallVofVtheVpatient'sVmedications.
• B:safelyVtransportingVtoVtheVhospital.
• C:whetherVtheVpatientVcouldVharmVyou.
• D:obtainingVaVcompleteVmedicalVhistory.V✔✔YouVselectedVC;VThisVisVcorrect!


Reason:VWhenVmanagingVanyVpatientVwithVanVemotionalVorVpsychiatricVcrisis,VyourVprimaryVconcer
n
isVyourVownVsafety.VSafelyVtransportingVtheVpatientVtoVtheVhospitalVisVyourVultimateVgoal.VIfVpossible
,
youV shouldV attemptV toV obtainV aV medicalV historyV andV shouldV takeV anyV ofV theV patient'sV prescrib
ed

,medicationsVtoVtheVhospital.VHowever,VthisVshouldVnotVsupercedeVyourVownVsafetyVorVinterfereVwi
thVsafelyVtransportingVtheVpatient.


YouVareVatVtheVsceneVwhereVaVmanVpanickedVwhileVswimmingVinVaVsmallVlake.VYourVinitialVatte
mptVtoVrescueVhimVshouldVinclude:
• A:rowingVaVsmallVraftVtoVtheVvictim.
• B:reachingVforVtheVvictimVwithVaVlongVstick.
• C:throwingVaVropeVtoVtheVvictim.
• D:swimmingVtoVtheVvictimVtoVrescueVhim.V✔✔YouVselectedVB;VThisVisVcorrect!


Reason:VGeneralVrulesVtoVfollowVwhenVattemptingVtoVrescueVaVpatientVfromVtheVwaterVincludeV"reac
h,Vthrow,Vrow,VandVthenVgo."VInVthisVcase,VyouVshouldVattemptVtoVreachVtheVvictimVbyVhavingVhimV
grabVholdVofVaVlargeVstickVorVsimilarVobject.VIfVthisVisVunsuccessful,VthrowVtheVvictimVaVropeVorVflo
tationVdeviceV(ifVavailable).VIfVtheseVareVnotVavailable,VrowVtoVtheVpatientVinVaVsmallVraftV(ifVavaila
ble).VGoingVintoVtheVwaterVtoVretrieveVtheVvictimVisVaVlastVresort.VTheVrescuerVmustVbeVaVstrongVs
wimmerVbecauseVpatientsVwhoVareVinVdangerVofVdrowningVareVinVaVstateVofVblindVpanicVandVwillV
makeVeveryVattemptVtoVkeepVthemselvesVafloat,VevenVifVitVmeansVforcingVtheVrescuerVunderwater.


HowV shouldV youV classifyV aV patient'sV natureV ofV illnessV ifV heV orV sheV hasV aV lowV bloodV glucoseV lev
el,VbizarreVbehavior,VandVshallowVbreathing?
• A:BehavioralVemergency
• B:AlteredVmentalVstatus
• C:RespiratoryVemergency
• D:CardiacVcompromiseV✔✔TheVcorrectVanswerVisVB;


Reason:VTheVnatureVofVillnessV(NOI)VisVtheVmedicalVequivalentVtoVmechanismVofVinjuryV(MOI).VA
lteredVmentalVstatusVshouldVbeVtheVsuspectedVNOIVinVanyVpatientVwithVanyVfluctuationVinVlevelVofV
consciousness,VwhichVcanVrangeVfromVbizarreVbehaviorVtoVcompleteVunresponsiveness.VCausesVof
anValteredVmentalVstatusVincludeVhypo-
V



orVhyperglycemia,VheadVtrauma,Vstroke,VbehavioralVcrises,VdrugVoverdose,VandVshock,VamongVoth
V



ers.

,AVyoungVfemaleVisVunresponsiveVafterVoverdosingVonVanVunknownVtypeVofVdrug.VHerVrespirations
areVslowVandVshallowVandVherVpulseVisVslowVandVweak.VWhichVofVtheVfollowingVdrugsVisVtheVLEA
V



STVlikelyVcauseVofVherVcondition?
• A:Seconal
• B:Heroin
• C:Cocaine
• D:ValiumV✔✔TheVcorrectVanswerVisVC;


Reason:V OfV theV drugsV listed,V cocaineV wouldV beV theV leastV likelyV causeV ofV theV patient'sV conditio
n.
CocaineV isV aV centralV nervousV systemV (CNS)V stimulant;V youV wouldV expectV herV toV beV hypertensive
,
tachycardic,V tachypneic,V andV perhapsV evenV violent.V Heroin,V Valium,V andV SeconalV areV allV CN
S
depressantsV andV couldV explainV herV condition.V HeroinV isV anV illegalV narcoticV (opiate),V ValiumV is
Va
benzodiazepineVsedative-
hypnoticVdrug,VandVSeconalVisVaVbarbiturate.VNarcotics,Vbenzodiazepines,
andV barbituratesV areV allV CNSV depressants.V WhenV takenV inV excess,V theyVcauseV aV decreasedV levelV
ofVconsciousness,VrespiratoryVdepression,Vbradycardia,VandVhypotension.


ActivatedVcharcoalVisVcontraindicatedVforVaVpatientVwhoVis:
• A:consciousVandValertVandVhasVingestedVaVlargeVamountVofVMotrin.
• B:emotionallyVupsetVandVhasVingestedVtwoVbottlesVofVaspirin.
• C:agitatedVandVclaimsVtoVhaveVingestedVaVbottleVofVTylenol.
• D:awakeV andV alertV andV hasV swallowedV aV commercialV drainV cleaner.V ✔✔YouV selectedV D;V ThisV
isVcorrect!


Reason:ActivatedV charcoalV adsorbsV (sticksV to)V manyV ingestedV substances,V preventingV themV fro
m
beingVabsorbedVintoVtheVbodyVbyVtheVstomachVorVintestines.VInVsomeVcases,V youVmayVgiveVactivat
ed
charcoalVtoVpatientsVwhoVhaveVingestedVcertainVsubstances,VifVapprovedVbyVmedicalVcontrolVorVloc
al
protocol.VActivatedVcharcoalVisVcontraindicatedVforVpatientsVwhoVhaveVingestedVanVacidVorValkaliV(i
e,
drainVcleaner)VorVaVpetroleumVproductV(ie,Vgasoline),VwhoVhaveVaVdecreasedVlevelVofVconsciousne
ss
andVcannotVprotectVtheirVownVairway,VorVwhoVareVunableVtoVswallow.


TheVMOSTVobviousVwayVtoVreduceVheatVlossVfromVradiationVandVconvectionVisVto:

, • A:moveVawayVfromVaVcoldVobject.
• B:increaseVmetabolismVbyVshivering.
• C:wearVaVthickVwind-proofVjacket.
• D:moveVtoVaVwarmerVenvironment.V✔✔youVselectedVD;VThisVisVcorrect!


Reason:InV aV coldV environment,V theV bodyV hasV twoV waysV ofV stayingV warm:V generatingV he
at
(thermogenesis)V andV reducingV heatV loss.V RadiationV isV theV transferV ofV heatV byV radiantV energy.V Th
e
bodyVcanVloseVheatVbyVradiation,VsuchVasVwhenVaVpersonVstandsVinVaVcoldVroom.VConvectionVocc
urs
whenV heatV isV transferredV toV circulatingV air,V asV whenV coolV airV movesV acrossV theV body'sV surface.
VA
personV standingV inV windyV coldV weather,V wearingV lightweightV clothing,V isV losingV heatV toV t
he
environmentVmostlyVbyVconvection.VTheVquickestVandVmostVobviousVwayVtoVdecreaseVheatVlossVfro
m
radiationV andV convectionV isV toV moveV outV ofV theV coldV environmentV andV seekV shelterV fromV win
d.
ShiveringVincreasesV theV body'sV metabolismV andV isV aVmechanismV forV generatingVheat,V notVreduci
ng
heatV loss.V LayersV ofV clothingV trapV airV andV provideV excellentV insulation;V thus,V layeredV clothing
decreasesVheatVlossVbetterVthanVaVsingle,VthickVjacket.VConductionVisVtheVdirectVtransferVofVheatVfro
m
aVpartVofVtheVbodyVtoVaVcolderVobjectVbyVdirectVcontact,VasVwhenVaVwarmVhandVtouchesVcoldVmetalV
or
ice.V TheV mostV obviousV wayVtoV decreaseVheatV lossV byVconductionV isV toV removeV yourVhandV fromV t
he
coldVobject.


AVnear-drowningVisVMOSTVaccuratelyVdefinedVas:
• A:complicationsVwithinV24VhoursVfollowingVsubmersionVinVwater.
• B:immediateVdeathVdueVtoVprolongedVsubmersionVinVwater.
• C:survivalVforVatVleastV24VhoursVfollowingVsubmersionVinVwater.
• D:deathVgreaterVthanV24VhoursVfollowingVsubmersionVinVwater.V✔✔YouVselectedVC;VThisVisVcorrect
!


Reason:Collectively,V drowningV andV near-
drowningV areV referredV toV asV submersionV injuries.
DrowningVisVdefinedVasVdeathVafterVsubmersionVinVaVliquidVmedium,VusuallyVwater.V InVaVdrownin
g,
deathV isV eitherV immediateV orV occursV withinV 24V hoursV followingV submersion.V Near-
drowningV is
definedVasVsurvival,VatVleastVtemporarilyV(24Vhours),VafterVsubmersion.VItVshouldVbeVnoted,Vhowev
er,
thatVcomplicationsVsuchVasVpneumoniaVandVpulmonaryVedemaVcanVcauseVdeathVgreaterVthanV24Vhour
s