TEST BANK
Advanced Nutrition and Human Metabolism
Sareen S. Gropper, Jack L. Smith, and Timothy P. Carr
8th Edition
,Table of Contents
Chapter 01 The Cell A Microcosm of Life 1
Chapter 02 The Digestive System Mechanism for Nourishing The Body 27
Chapter 03 Carbohydrates 51
Chapter 04 Fiber 77
Chapter 05 Lipids 103
Chapter 06 Protein 128
Chapter 07 Integration and Regulation of Metabolism and the Impact of Exercise 153
Chapter 08 Energy Expenditure Body Composition and Healthy Weight 177
Chapter 09 Water Soluble Vitamins 201
Chapter 10 Fat Soluble Vitamins 225
Chapter 11 Major Minerals 250
Chapter 12 Water and Electrolytes 274
Chapter 13 Essential Trace and Ultratrace Minerals 298
Chapter 14 Nonessential Trace and Ultratrace Minerals 321
,______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Advanced Nutrition and Human Metabolism, 8th Edition (Gropper, 2022)
Chapter 01: The Cell: A Microcosm of Life
True / False
1. Receptors are the only type of protein found in the plasma membrane of cells.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
FEEDBACK: Correct It is also composed of transporters, ion channels, and enzymes.
Incorrect It is also composed of transporters, ion channels, and enzymes.
REFERENCES: 1.1 Components of Cells
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: PHYG.PETR.22.1.1 - Describe the fundamental difference between physical and human
geography.
OTHER: Bloom's: Remember
2. The lipid bilayer determines the function of the plasma membrane, while the proteins are primarily responsible for
the structure of the membrane.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
FEEDBACK: Correct The lipid bilayer determines the STRUCTURE of the plasma membrane, while the
proteins are primarily responsible for the FUNCTION of the membrane.
Incorrect The lipid bilayer determines the STRUCTURE of the plasma membrane, while the
proteins are primarily responsible for the FUNCTION of the membrane.
REFERENCES: 1.1 Components of Cells
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: PHYG.PETR.22.1.1 - Describe the fundamental difference between physical and human
geography.
OTHER: Bloom's: Remember
3. Flagella and cilia are structural elements that are part of the cytoskeleton of the cell.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
REFERENCES: 1.1 Components of Cells
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: PHYG.PETR.22.1.1 - Describe the fundamental difference between physical and human
geography.
OTHER: Bloom's: Remember
4. Glycoproteins with their carbohydrate moieties facing the outer cell surface provide asymmetry to the plasma
membrane.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
REFERENCES: 1.1 Components of Cells
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: PHYG.PETR.22.1.1 - Describe the fundamental difference between physical and human
geography.
OTHER: Bloom's: Remember
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
1|Page
,______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Advanced Nutrition and Human Metabolism, 8th Edition (Gropper, 2022)
5. Different cells express different proteins because the DNA contained in their nucleus is made up of different genes.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
FEEDBACK: Correct All cells contain the same DNA; however, not all genes are expressed in all cells.
Incorrect All cells contain the same DNA; however, not all genes are expressed in all cells.
REFERENCES: 1.1 Components of Cells
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: PHYG.PETR.22.1.1 - Describe the fundamental difference between physical and human
geography.
OTHER: Bloom's: Remember
6. Polysomes function to transcribe mRNA into proteins.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
FEEDBACK: Correct Ribosomes translate mRNA into protein.
Incorrect Ribosomes translate mRNA into protein.
REFERENCES: 1.1 Components of Cells
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: PHYG.PETR.22.1.1 - Describe the fundamental difference between physical and human
geography.
OTHER: Bloom's: Remember
7. When discussing enzyme kinetics, Km refers to the substrate concentration at which the enzyme is saturated and
functioning at maximal velocity.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
FEEDBACK: Correct
Km is substrate concentration at half of maximal velocity.
Incorrect
Km is substrate concentration at half of maximal velocity.
REFERENCES: 1.2 Selected Cellular Proteins
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: PHYG.PETR.22.1.3 - Discuss the concept of a geographic region.
OTHER: Bloom's: Remember
8. If two enzymes (e.g., pyruvate dehydrogenase and pyruvate carboxylase) compete for the same substrate (pyruvate),
the one with the higher Km has less affinity and will be more active when pyruvate concentrations are high.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
REFERENCES: 1.2 Selected Cellular Proteins
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: PHYG.PETR.22.1.3 - Discuss the concept of a geographic region.
OTHER: Bloom's: Apply
9. Most cellular reactions are irreversible because the same enzyme that catalyzes the conversion cannot catalyze the
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
2|Page
,______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Advanced Nutrition and Human Metabolism, 8th Edition (Gropper, 2022)
reverse reaction.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
FEEDBACK: Correct Most cellular reactions are reversible and catalyzed by the same enzyme. The rate-
limiting enzymes tend to be irreversible to contribute to regulation of the pathway.
Incorrect Most cellular reactions are reversible and catalyzed by the same enzyme. The rate-
limiting enzymes tend to be irreversible to contribute to regulation of the pathway.
REFERENCES: 1.2 Selected Cellular Proteins
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: PHYG.PETR.22.1.3 - Discuss the concept of a geographic region.
OTHER: Bloom's: Remember
10. Regulation of enzyme activity by increasing the synthesis and thereby the concentration of the enzyme is an example
of regulation by induction.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
REFERENCES: 1.2 Selected Cellular Proteins
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: PHYG.PETR.22.1.3 - Discuss the concept of a geographic region.
OTHER: Bloom's: Remember
11. Most of the metabolic energy produced in cells is made in the mitochondria.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
REFERENCES: 1.4 Biological Energy
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: PHYG.PETR.22.1.5 - Distinguish among the three major perspectives of physical geography:
physical science, spatial science, and environmental science.
OTHER: Bloom's: Remember
12. The nuclear envelope consists of a single membrane layer that separates the nucleus from the rest of the cell.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
FEEDBACK: Correct The nuclear envelope is a double membrane structure that makes communication
possible between the nucleus and the cytoplasmic matrix.
Incorrect The nuclear envelope is a double membrane structure that makes communication
possible between the nucleus and the cytoplasmic matrix.
REFERENCES: 1.1 Components of Cells
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: PHYG.PETR.22.1.1 - Describe the fundamental difference between physical and human
geography.
OTHER: Bloom's: Remember
13. Transcription of DNA cannot be altered.
a. True
b. False
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
3|Page
,______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Advanced Nutrition and Human Metabolism, 8th Edition (Gropper, 2022)
ANSWER: False
FEEDBACK: Correct Several hormones, such as insulin, glucagon, thyroid hormone, and
glucocorticoids, as well as nutrients such as vitamins A and D are able to alter the
transcription of DNA.
Incorrect Several hormones, such as insulin, glucagon, thyroid hormone, and
glucocorticoids, as well as nutrients such as vitamins A and D are able to alter the
transcription of DNA.
REFERENCES: 1.1 Components of Cells
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: PHYG.PETR.22.1.1 - Describe the fundamental difference between physical and human
geography.
OTHER: Bloom's: Remember
14. An increase in the concentration of a substrate will increase the rate of the enzyme-catalyzed reaction.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
REFERENCES: 1.2 Selected Cellular Proteins
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: PHYG.PETR.22.1.3 - Discuss the concept of a geographic region.
OTHER: Bloom's: Remember
15. Oncosis results from cell injury and is associated with cellular swelling and swelling of the mitochondrial nucleus.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
REFERENCES: 1.3 Apoptosis
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: PHYG.PETR.22.1.4 - List three ways in which modern technology is used in physical
geography.
OTHER: Bloom's: Remember
Multiple Choice
16. Membrane lipid bilayers consist primarily of ____.
a. phospholipids
b. cholesterol
c. proteins
d. saturated fatty acids
e. enzymes
ANSWER: a
REFERENCES: 1.1 Components of Cells
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: PHYG.PETR.22.1.1 - Describe the fundamental difference between physical and human
geography.
OTHER: Bloom's: Remember
17. Which of the following is a common function of membrane proteins?
a. receptors
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
4|Page
,______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Advanced Nutrition and Human Metabolism, 8th Edition (Gropper, 2022)
b. detoxifiers
c. purifier
d. neutron transporter
e. storage proteins
ANSWER: a
REFERENCES: 1.1 Components of Cells
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: PHYG.PETR.22.1.1 - Describe the fundamental difference between physical and human
geography.
OTHER: Bloom's: Remember
18. What is the role of cholesterol in plasma membrane structure?
a. to produce bile
b. to regulate fluidity and permeability
c. to reduce stability
d. to produce hormones
e. to catalyze chemical reactions
ANSWER: b
REFERENCES: 1.1 Components of Cells
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: PHYG.PETR.22.1.1 - Describe the fundamental difference between physical and human
geography.
OTHER: Bloom’s: Understand
19. Which of the following is not a usual function of the cytoskeleton?
a. locomotion
b. generation of ATP
c. structural support
d. positioning of organelles
e. transfer of DNA and RNA
ANSWER: b
REFERENCES: 1.1 Components of Cells
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: PHYG.PETR.22.1.1 - Describe the fundamental difference between physical and human
geography.
OTHER: Bloom’s: Understand
20. Which cellular component enables signal transmission to various parts of the cell due to interconnections within the
cytosol?
a. glycoproteins
b. microfilaments
c. glycolipids
d. integral proteins
e. nucleic acids
ANSWER: b
REFERENCES: 1.1 Components of Cells
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: PHYG.PETR.22.1.1 - Describe the fundamental difference between physical and human
geography.
OTHER: Bloom's: Remember
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
5|Page
,______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Advanced Nutrition and Human Metabolism, 8th Edition (Gropper, 2022)
21. How are the carbohydrate moieties of the plasma membrane glycoproteins and glycolipids oriented?
a. outwardly, away from the cytoplasmic matrix
b. inwardly, toward the lumen
c. equally inwardly and outwardly to maintain symmetry
d. between the bilayers of the membranes
e. interlinked with each on both sides of the membrane
ANSWER: b
REFERENCES: 1.1 Components of Cells
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: PHYG.PETR.22.1.1 - Describe the fundamental difference between physical and human
geography.
OTHER: Bloom’s: Remember
22. Which of the following describes proteins attached to the membrane through hydrophobic interactions and
embedded in the membrane?
a. peripheral proteins
b. rough endoplasmic reticula
c. integral proteins
d. Golgi apparatus
e. apoproteins
ANSWER: c
REFERENCES: 1.1 Components of Cells
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: PHYG.PETR.22.1.1 - Describe the fundamental difference between physical and human
geography.
OTHER: Bloom’s: Understand
23. Which structure in the cell provides support and controls the movement of cell organelles?
a. endoplasmic reticulum
b. mitochondrion
c. cytoskeleton
d. cytosolic matrix
e. nucleus
ANSWER: c
REFERENCES: 1.1 Components of Cells
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: PHYG.PETR.22.1.1 - Describe the fundamental difference between physical and human
geography.
OTHER: Bloom's: Remember
24. Cytochalasin is a fungal toxin that prevents the polymerization of actin. Which cellular structure is the target?
a. nucleus
b. cytoskeleton
c. lysosomes
d. mitochondria
e. plasma membrane
ANSWER: b
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
6|Page
,______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Advanced Nutrition and Human Metabolism, 8th Edition (Gropper, 2022)
REFERENCES: 1.1 Components of Cells
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: PHYG.PETR.22.1.1 - Describe the fundamental difference between physical and human
geography.
OTHER: Bloom’s: Apply
25. Which of the following is not normally found in the cytoplasmic matrix of a typical cell?
a. amino acids
b. glucose-6-phosphate
c. carbon dioxide
d. urea
e. lipids
ANSWER: d
REFERENCES: 1.1 Components of Cells
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: PHYG.PETR.22.1.1 - Describe the fundamental difference between physical and human
geography.
OTHER: Bloom’s: Understand
26. Enzymes of which metabolic pathway can be found in the cytoplasmic matrix?
a. beta-oxidation
b. glycolysis
c. ketone production
d. the Kreb’s cycle
e. cholesterol synthesis
ANSWER: b
REFERENCES: 1.1 Components of Cells
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: PHYG.PETR.22.1.1 - Describe the fundamental difference between physical and human
geography.
OTHER: Bloom’s: Understand
27. Which organelle is responsible for the production of most of the metabolic energy (ATP)?
a. Golgi apparatus
b. endoplasmic reticulum
c. nucleus
d. mitochondrion
e. lysosome
ANSWER: d
REFERENCES: 1.1 Components of Cells
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: PHYG.PETR.22.1.1 - Describe the fundamental difference between physical and human
geography.
OTHER: Bloom's: Remember
28. Which of the following can freely diffuse across the inner mitochondrial membrane?
a. glucose
b. oxygen and carbon dioxide
c. fatty acids
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
7|Page
, ______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Advanced Nutrition and Human Metabolism, 8th Edition (Gropper, 2022)
d. NADH
e. protons
ANSWER: b
REFERENCES: 1.1 Components of Cells
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: PHYG.PETR.22.1.1 - Describe the fundamental difference between physical and human
geography.
OTHER: Bloom’s: Understand
29. Where are the majority of the components of the electron transport chain embedded?
a. mitochondrial inner membrane
b. mitochondrial outer membrane
c. mitochondrial matrix
d. cytoplasmic matrix
e. plasma membrane
ANSWER: a
REFERENCES: 1.1 Components of Cells
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: PHYG.PETR.22.1.1 - Describe the fundamental difference between physical and human
geography.
OTHER: Bloom's: Remember
30. In which organelle do the TCA cycle and fatty acid oxidation occur?
a. Golgi apparatus
b. nucleus
c. microsomes
d. mitochondrion
e. endoplasmic reticulum
ANSWER: d
REFERENCES: 1.1 Components of Cells
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: PHYG.PETR.22.1.1 - Describe the fundamental difference between physical and human
geography.
OTHER: Bloom’s: remember
31. What is the major route for ATP production in the cell?
a. oxidative phosphorylation
b. hydrolysis
c. peroxidation
d. transformation
e. substrate-level phosphorylation
ANSWER: a
REFERENCES: 1.1 Components of Cells
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: PHYG.PETR.22.1.1 - Describe the fundamental difference between physical and human
geography.
OTHER: Bloom's: Remember
32. Which organelle is capable of performing both fission and fusion?
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
8|Page
Advanced Nutrition and Human Metabolism
Sareen S. Gropper, Jack L. Smith, and Timothy P. Carr
8th Edition
,Table of Contents
Chapter 01 The Cell A Microcosm of Life 1
Chapter 02 The Digestive System Mechanism for Nourishing The Body 27
Chapter 03 Carbohydrates 51
Chapter 04 Fiber 77
Chapter 05 Lipids 103
Chapter 06 Protein 128
Chapter 07 Integration and Regulation of Metabolism and the Impact of Exercise 153
Chapter 08 Energy Expenditure Body Composition and Healthy Weight 177
Chapter 09 Water Soluble Vitamins 201
Chapter 10 Fat Soluble Vitamins 225
Chapter 11 Major Minerals 250
Chapter 12 Water and Electrolytes 274
Chapter 13 Essential Trace and Ultratrace Minerals 298
Chapter 14 Nonessential Trace and Ultratrace Minerals 321
,______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Advanced Nutrition and Human Metabolism, 8th Edition (Gropper, 2022)
Chapter 01: The Cell: A Microcosm of Life
True / False
1. Receptors are the only type of protein found in the plasma membrane of cells.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
FEEDBACK: Correct It is also composed of transporters, ion channels, and enzymes.
Incorrect It is also composed of transporters, ion channels, and enzymes.
REFERENCES: 1.1 Components of Cells
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: PHYG.PETR.22.1.1 - Describe the fundamental difference between physical and human
geography.
OTHER: Bloom's: Remember
2. The lipid bilayer determines the function of the plasma membrane, while the proteins are primarily responsible for
the structure of the membrane.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
FEEDBACK: Correct The lipid bilayer determines the STRUCTURE of the plasma membrane, while the
proteins are primarily responsible for the FUNCTION of the membrane.
Incorrect The lipid bilayer determines the STRUCTURE of the plasma membrane, while the
proteins are primarily responsible for the FUNCTION of the membrane.
REFERENCES: 1.1 Components of Cells
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: PHYG.PETR.22.1.1 - Describe the fundamental difference between physical and human
geography.
OTHER: Bloom's: Remember
3. Flagella and cilia are structural elements that are part of the cytoskeleton of the cell.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
REFERENCES: 1.1 Components of Cells
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: PHYG.PETR.22.1.1 - Describe the fundamental difference between physical and human
geography.
OTHER: Bloom's: Remember
4. Glycoproteins with their carbohydrate moieties facing the outer cell surface provide asymmetry to the plasma
membrane.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
REFERENCES: 1.1 Components of Cells
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: PHYG.PETR.22.1.1 - Describe the fundamental difference between physical and human
geography.
OTHER: Bloom's: Remember
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
1|Page
,______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Advanced Nutrition and Human Metabolism, 8th Edition (Gropper, 2022)
5. Different cells express different proteins because the DNA contained in their nucleus is made up of different genes.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
FEEDBACK: Correct All cells contain the same DNA; however, not all genes are expressed in all cells.
Incorrect All cells contain the same DNA; however, not all genes are expressed in all cells.
REFERENCES: 1.1 Components of Cells
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: PHYG.PETR.22.1.1 - Describe the fundamental difference between physical and human
geography.
OTHER: Bloom's: Remember
6. Polysomes function to transcribe mRNA into proteins.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
FEEDBACK: Correct Ribosomes translate mRNA into protein.
Incorrect Ribosomes translate mRNA into protein.
REFERENCES: 1.1 Components of Cells
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: PHYG.PETR.22.1.1 - Describe the fundamental difference between physical and human
geography.
OTHER: Bloom's: Remember
7. When discussing enzyme kinetics, Km refers to the substrate concentration at which the enzyme is saturated and
functioning at maximal velocity.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
FEEDBACK: Correct
Km is substrate concentration at half of maximal velocity.
Incorrect
Km is substrate concentration at half of maximal velocity.
REFERENCES: 1.2 Selected Cellular Proteins
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: PHYG.PETR.22.1.3 - Discuss the concept of a geographic region.
OTHER: Bloom's: Remember
8. If two enzymes (e.g., pyruvate dehydrogenase and pyruvate carboxylase) compete for the same substrate (pyruvate),
the one with the higher Km has less affinity and will be more active when pyruvate concentrations are high.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
REFERENCES: 1.2 Selected Cellular Proteins
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: PHYG.PETR.22.1.3 - Discuss the concept of a geographic region.
OTHER: Bloom's: Apply
9. Most cellular reactions are irreversible because the same enzyme that catalyzes the conversion cannot catalyze the
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
2|Page
,______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Advanced Nutrition and Human Metabolism, 8th Edition (Gropper, 2022)
reverse reaction.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
FEEDBACK: Correct Most cellular reactions are reversible and catalyzed by the same enzyme. The rate-
limiting enzymes tend to be irreversible to contribute to regulation of the pathway.
Incorrect Most cellular reactions are reversible and catalyzed by the same enzyme. The rate-
limiting enzymes tend to be irreversible to contribute to regulation of the pathway.
REFERENCES: 1.2 Selected Cellular Proteins
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: PHYG.PETR.22.1.3 - Discuss the concept of a geographic region.
OTHER: Bloom's: Remember
10. Regulation of enzyme activity by increasing the synthesis and thereby the concentration of the enzyme is an example
of regulation by induction.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
REFERENCES: 1.2 Selected Cellular Proteins
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: PHYG.PETR.22.1.3 - Discuss the concept of a geographic region.
OTHER: Bloom's: Remember
11. Most of the metabolic energy produced in cells is made in the mitochondria.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
REFERENCES: 1.4 Biological Energy
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: PHYG.PETR.22.1.5 - Distinguish among the three major perspectives of physical geography:
physical science, spatial science, and environmental science.
OTHER: Bloom's: Remember
12. The nuclear envelope consists of a single membrane layer that separates the nucleus from the rest of the cell.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
FEEDBACK: Correct The nuclear envelope is a double membrane structure that makes communication
possible between the nucleus and the cytoplasmic matrix.
Incorrect The nuclear envelope is a double membrane structure that makes communication
possible between the nucleus and the cytoplasmic matrix.
REFERENCES: 1.1 Components of Cells
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: PHYG.PETR.22.1.1 - Describe the fundamental difference between physical and human
geography.
OTHER: Bloom's: Remember
13. Transcription of DNA cannot be altered.
a. True
b. False
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
3|Page
,______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Advanced Nutrition and Human Metabolism, 8th Edition (Gropper, 2022)
ANSWER: False
FEEDBACK: Correct Several hormones, such as insulin, glucagon, thyroid hormone, and
glucocorticoids, as well as nutrients such as vitamins A and D are able to alter the
transcription of DNA.
Incorrect Several hormones, such as insulin, glucagon, thyroid hormone, and
glucocorticoids, as well as nutrients such as vitamins A and D are able to alter the
transcription of DNA.
REFERENCES: 1.1 Components of Cells
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: PHYG.PETR.22.1.1 - Describe the fundamental difference between physical and human
geography.
OTHER: Bloom's: Remember
14. An increase in the concentration of a substrate will increase the rate of the enzyme-catalyzed reaction.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
REFERENCES: 1.2 Selected Cellular Proteins
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: PHYG.PETR.22.1.3 - Discuss the concept of a geographic region.
OTHER: Bloom's: Remember
15. Oncosis results from cell injury and is associated with cellular swelling and swelling of the mitochondrial nucleus.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
REFERENCES: 1.3 Apoptosis
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: PHYG.PETR.22.1.4 - List three ways in which modern technology is used in physical
geography.
OTHER: Bloom's: Remember
Multiple Choice
16. Membrane lipid bilayers consist primarily of ____.
a. phospholipids
b. cholesterol
c. proteins
d. saturated fatty acids
e. enzymes
ANSWER: a
REFERENCES: 1.1 Components of Cells
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: PHYG.PETR.22.1.1 - Describe the fundamental difference between physical and human
geography.
OTHER: Bloom's: Remember
17. Which of the following is a common function of membrane proteins?
a. receptors
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
4|Page
,______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Advanced Nutrition and Human Metabolism, 8th Edition (Gropper, 2022)
b. detoxifiers
c. purifier
d. neutron transporter
e. storage proteins
ANSWER: a
REFERENCES: 1.1 Components of Cells
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: PHYG.PETR.22.1.1 - Describe the fundamental difference between physical and human
geography.
OTHER: Bloom's: Remember
18. What is the role of cholesterol in plasma membrane structure?
a. to produce bile
b. to regulate fluidity and permeability
c. to reduce stability
d. to produce hormones
e. to catalyze chemical reactions
ANSWER: b
REFERENCES: 1.1 Components of Cells
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: PHYG.PETR.22.1.1 - Describe the fundamental difference between physical and human
geography.
OTHER: Bloom’s: Understand
19. Which of the following is not a usual function of the cytoskeleton?
a. locomotion
b. generation of ATP
c. structural support
d. positioning of organelles
e. transfer of DNA and RNA
ANSWER: b
REFERENCES: 1.1 Components of Cells
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: PHYG.PETR.22.1.1 - Describe the fundamental difference between physical and human
geography.
OTHER: Bloom’s: Understand
20. Which cellular component enables signal transmission to various parts of the cell due to interconnections within the
cytosol?
a. glycoproteins
b. microfilaments
c. glycolipids
d. integral proteins
e. nucleic acids
ANSWER: b
REFERENCES: 1.1 Components of Cells
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: PHYG.PETR.22.1.1 - Describe the fundamental difference between physical and human
geography.
OTHER: Bloom's: Remember
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
5|Page
,______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Advanced Nutrition and Human Metabolism, 8th Edition (Gropper, 2022)
21. How are the carbohydrate moieties of the plasma membrane glycoproteins and glycolipids oriented?
a. outwardly, away from the cytoplasmic matrix
b. inwardly, toward the lumen
c. equally inwardly and outwardly to maintain symmetry
d. between the bilayers of the membranes
e. interlinked with each on both sides of the membrane
ANSWER: b
REFERENCES: 1.1 Components of Cells
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: PHYG.PETR.22.1.1 - Describe the fundamental difference between physical and human
geography.
OTHER: Bloom’s: Remember
22. Which of the following describes proteins attached to the membrane through hydrophobic interactions and
embedded in the membrane?
a. peripheral proteins
b. rough endoplasmic reticula
c. integral proteins
d. Golgi apparatus
e. apoproteins
ANSWER: c
REFERENCES: 1.1 Components of Cells
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: PHYG.PETR.22.1.1 - Describe the fundamental difference between physical and human
geography.
OTHER: Bloom’s: Understand
23. Which structure in the cell provides support and controls the movement of cell organelles?
a. endoplasmic reticulum
b. mitochondrion
c. cytoskeleton
d. cytosolic matrix
e. nucleus
ANSWER: c
REFERENCES: 1.1 Components of Cells
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: PHYG.PETR.22.1.1 - Describe the fundamental difference between physical and human
geography.
OTHER: Bloom's: Remember
24. Cytochalasin is a fungal toxin that prevents the polymerization of actin. Which cellular structure is the target?
a. nucleus
b. cytoskeleton
c. lysosomes
d. mitochondria
e. plasma membrane
ANSWER: b
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
6|Page
,______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Advanced Nutrition and Human Metabolism, 8th Edition (Gropper, 2022)
REFERENCES: 1.1 Components of Cells
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: PHYG.PETR.22.1.1 - Describe the fundamental difference between physical and human
geography.
OTHER: Bloom’s: Apply
25. Which of the following is not normally found in the cytoplasmic matrix of a typical cell?
a. amino acids
b. glucose-6-phosphate
c. carbon dioxide
d. urea
e. lipids
ANSWER: d
REFERENCES: 1.1 Components of Cells
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: PHYG.PETR.22.1.1 - Describe the fundamental difference between physical and human
geography.
OTHER: Bloom’s: Understand
26. Enzymes of which metabolic pathway can be found in the cytoplasmic matrix?
a. beta-oxidation
b. glycolysis
c. ketone production
d. the Kreb’s cycle
e. cholesterol synthesis
ANSWER: b
REFERENCES: 1.1 Components of Cells
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: PHYG.PETR.22.1.1 - Describe the fundamental difference between physical and human
geography.
OTHER: Bloom’s: Understand
27. Which organelle is responsible for the production of most of the metabolic energy (ATP)?
a. Golgi apparatus
b. endoplasmic reticulum
c. nucleus
d. mitochondrion
e. lysosome
ANSWER: d
REFERENCES: 1.1 Components of Cells
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: PHYG.PETR.22.1.1 - Describe the fundamental difference between physical and human
geography.
OTHER: Bloom's: Remember
28. Which of the following can freely diffuse across the inner mitochondrial membrane?
a. glucose
b. oxygen and carbon dioxide
c. fatty acids
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
7|Page
, ______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Advanced Nutrition and Human Metabolism, 8th Edition (Gropper, 2022)
d. NADH
e. protons
ANSWER: b
REFERENCES: 1.1 Components of Cells
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: PHYG.PETR.22.1.1 - Describe the fundamental difference between physical and human
geography.
OTHER: Bloom’s: Understand
29. Where are the majority of the components of the electron transport chain embedded?
a. mitochondrial inner membrane
b. mitochondrial outer membrane
c. mitochondrial matrix
d. cytoplasmic matrix
e. plasma membrane
ANSWER: a
REFERENCES: 1.1 Components of Cells
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: PHYG.PETR.22.1.1 - Describe the fundamental difference between physical and human
geography.
OTHER: Bloom's: Remember
30. In which organelle do the TCA cycle and fatty acid oxidation occur?
a. Golgi apparatus
b. nucleus
c. microsomes
d. mitochondrion
e. endoplasmic reticulum
ANSWER: d
REFERENCES: 1.1 Components of Cells
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: PHYG.PETR.22.1.1 - Describe the fundamental difference between physical and human
geography.
OTHER: Bloom’s: remember
31. What is the major route for ATP production in the cell?
a. oxidative phosphorylation
b. hydrolysis
c. peroxidation
d. transformation
e. substrate-level phosphorylation
ANSWER: a
REFERENCES: 1.1 Components of Cells
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: PHYG.PETR.22.1.1 - Describe the fundamental difference between physical and human
geography.
OTHER: Bloom's: Remember
32. Which organelle is capable of performing both fission and fusion?
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
8|Page
