HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY WITH PATHOPHYSIOLOGY QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS NEW VERSION 2024 (FULLY SOLVED)

HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY WITH PATHOPHYSIOLOGY QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS NEW VERSION 2024 (FULLY SOLVED) Anatomy - Answers is the scientific discipline that investigates the structure of the body. To dissect or cut apart - Answers meaning of the word 'anatomy' Systemic Anatomy Regional Anatomy - Answers Two basic approaches to the study of anatomy Systemic Anatomy - Answers study of the body by systems Regional Anatomy - Answers study of the organization of the body by areas Surface Anatomy Anatomical imaging - Answers 2 general ways to examine the internal structures of a living person Surface Anatomy - Answers The study of the external features of the body. anatomical imaging - Answers involves the use of x-rays, ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and other technologies to create pictures of internal structures Physiology - Answers is the scientific discipline that deals with the processes or functions of living things 1. to understand and predict the body's responses to stimuli 2. to understand how the body maintains internal conditions within a narrow range of values in the presence of continually ch changing internal and external environments - Answers Major goals for studying. physiology Chemical level Cell level Tissue level Organ level Organ system level Organism level - Answers 6 levels of organization of the body Cell - Answers The basic unit of structure and function in living things Tissue - Answers A group of similar cells that perform a specific function. Organ - Answers is composed of two or more tissue types that together perform one or more common functions Organ systems - Answers a group of organs classified as a unit because of a common function or set of functions Organization Metabolism Responsiveness Growth Development Reproduction - Answers six characteristics of life Organization - Answers refers to the specific relationship of the many individual parts of na organism Metabolism - Answers is the ability to use energy to perform vital functions, such as growth, movement, and reproduction. Responsiveness - Answers is the ability of an organism to sense changes in the environment and make the adjustments that help maintain its life Differentiation - Answers is the change in cell structure and function from generalized to specialized Growth - Answers refers to the increase in size of all or part of the organism Reproduction - Answers is the formation of new cells or new organisms Homeostatic mechanisms - Answers maintains the body temperature near an average normal value or set point Negative Feedback Mechanism - Answers is when any deviation from the set point is made smaller or is resisted receptor, control center, effector - Answers three basic components of a feedback system Receptor - Answers monitors the value of a variable by detecting stimuli Control center - Answers determines the set point for the variable and receives input from the receptor about the variable Effector - Answers can change the value of the variable when directed by the control center Positive Feedback Mechanism - Answers Occurs when the deviation from the set point becomes even greater. anatomical position - Answers refers to a person standing upright with the face directed forward, the upper limbs hanging to the sides, and the palms of the hands facing forward Supine position - Answers lying on back, facing upward Prone - Answers lying face down Anterior - Answers front of the body Posterior - Answers toward the back Ventral - Answers belly Dorsal - Answers back Proximal - Answers Closer to the point of attachment Distal - Answers away from the point of attachment/ distant Medial - Answers toward the midline Lateral - Answers away from the midline Superficial - Answers refers to a structure close to the surface of the body Deep - Answers toward the interior of the body Sagital plane - Answers divides the body into left and right halves Homeostasis - Answers is the existence and maintenance of a relatively constant environment within the body despite fluctuations in either the external or internal environment Median Plane (midsagittal plane) - Answers divides the body into equal left and right halved transverse plane - Answers divides the body into superior and inferior parts frontal plane - Answers Divides the body into front and back portions. longitudinal plane - Answers cut along the length of an organ thoracic cavity - Answers surrounded by the ribcage and is separated from the abdominal cavity by the muscular diaphragm Mediastinum - Answers is a section that houses the heart, thymus, trachea, esophagus and