D311- Microbiology Test Bank Solution Manual (Fully Solved)

D311- Microbiology Test Bank Solution Manual (Fully Solved) What is the significance of microorganisms containing a thick coat of peptldogiywn within the cell wall? - Answers Microorganisms containing a thick coat of peptidoglycan within the cell wall are typically classified as gram-positive bacteria. Why are viruses considered aceilular? - Answers They cannot reproduce without a host. What is the defining characteristic of eukaryotes? - Answers They have a nucleus. Which microorganism can cause vaginal yeast Infections and oral thrush? - Answers Fungi Why can It be difficult to determine the etiologic agent of a disease? - Answers Some signs and symptoms can be caused by many different etiologic agents. What kind of staining technique Is the acid-fast stain? - Answers A doctor prescribed antibiotics for a patient complaining of runny nose. fever. and aches and pains. Which type of infection did the doctor suspect? - Answers The doctor likely suspected a viral infection because antibiotics are not effective against viral infections. A healthcare professional is treating a patient who developed a yeast infection after taking antibiotics. What type of medication should be prescribed to this patient? - Answers Antifungals Which structure promotes motility in Proteus. Shigelia. and Salmonella species. all of which can cause serious disease in humans? - Answers Presence of flagella Which bacterial virulence factor allows a strain to resist phagocytosis, increasing the organism's virulence? - Answers Capsule production Why is treating Haemophilus influenzae difficult? - Answers The capsule is antiphagocytic. How do pili aid pathogens in causing disease? - Answers They cause pathogens to adhere to host cells. Which virulence factor allows pathogens to penetrate the dermis and invade the body? - Answers Bacterial enzymes A bacterium from a deep-sea hydrothermal vent has been cultured. Which staining technique should be used to begin the process of species identification? - Answers Gram staining What does the presence of a clear area around a cell stained with India ink indicate about the cell? - Answers The cell has a capsule. How do basic stains work? - Answers The positively charged stain is attracted to the negatively charged portion of the cell. Which staining technique is used to distinguish bacteria based on their ability to produce structures that can survive extreme heat stress? - Answers Endospore stain Which aspect of a staining protocol enables dye to penetrate an endospore? - Answers Heat Why are the relationships between pathogenic microbes and their hosts considered parasitic? - Answers The microbe benefits from the interaction while the host is harmed. Which characteristic of dracunculiasis has been pivotal to the success of its eradication campaign? - Answers Dracunculiasis has no animal reservoir. Which type of organism would be most likely to grow on food stored in a refrigerator or freezer? - Answers A psychrophile would be most likely to grow on food stored in a refrigerator or freezer as these microorganisms thrive in cold temperatures. Staphylococcus epidermldls is a member of the human resident microbiota and considered part of the human innate immune system. S. epldermidis uses our dead skin cells as a source of nutrients. What type of relationship between S. epidermidis and humans is described above? - Answers The type of relationship between Staphylococcus epidermidis and humans described above is "Commensalism," where one organism (S. epidermidis) benefits (uses dead skin cells) without harming the other organism (humans). Commensalism Why is the production of lactic acid by the resident microbe Lactobacillus Important to human health? - Answers Lactic acid is important to human health because it inhibits the growth of pathogenic yeasts. Which type of infections are prevented by proper sterilization of hospital equipment and healthcare worker handwashing? - Answers Nosocomial infections are prevented by proper sterilization of hospital equipment and healthcare worker handwashing. A patient Is determined to have contracted Lyme disease after being bit by an infected tick. What type of transmission is described in this scenario? - Answers Vector transmission is described in this scenario. Which is a description of vehicle transmission? - Answers A person drinks untreated water on vacation and later has diarrhea and nausea is a description of vehicle transmission.