DAANCE module 2
Ischemia - ✔✔A decrease in the blood flow in the coronary arteries that can temporarily or permanently
damage heart muscles by decreasing the available oxygen to the heart muscles
Atherosclerosis - ✔✔Hardening of the arteries
Angina pectoris - ✔✔Chest pain, the narrowing of the arteries decreases the oxygen bearing blood
supply to the heart muscle which manifest itself as chest pain
How Ischemic heart disease happens - ✔✔A decrease in the blood flow damages heart muscles by
decreasing oxygen causing ischemia. Ischemia is a buildup of fatty plaque in the arteries which
eventually causes the artery to become more narrow, which is called atherosclerosis. This narrowing
causes a decrease of oxygen bearing blood supply which manifests itself as angina pectoris (chest pain).
Eventually the plaque ruptures and small blood clots form in the area of the rupture. When some of the
small clots break off from the plaque the artery becomes more occluded causing unstable angina. From
there a larger clot could form causing a totally occluded artery( thrombosis). This leads to less blood
supply to the heart which causes a part of the heart muscle to die which is myocardial infarction.
Medications in the statin family - ✔✔Prescribed to help reduce cholesterol and prevent build up of fatty
plaque
Examples: Lipitor (atorvastatin), aspirin, plavix (clopidogrel), beta blockers such as Lopressor
(metoprolol)
Lipitor-brand name - ✔✔Atorvastatin- generic name
Plavix- brand name - ✔✔Clopidogrel- generic name
Metoprolol- brand name - ✔✔Lopressor- generic name
Myocardial Infarction (heart attack) - ✔✔Results from a severely deficient coronary arterial blood supply
to a region of the myocardium that causes cellular death (necrosis) of parts of the heart muscle
, Elective surgery after having Myocardial Infarction - ✔✔Patients used to have to wait 6 months, but now
it is 6-8 weeks with cardiology clearance
Heart Murmur - ✔✔A characteristic sound when blood flows back into the atria from the ventricles, or
into the ventricles from the aorta or pulmonary artery
Mitral Valve Prolapse - ✔✔Occurs when redundancy of the valve leaflets allow further upward motion of
the valve into the left atrium as the valve closes
Subacute Bacterial Endocarditis (SBE) - ✔✔Infection that you can get if you don't premeditate for
patients with pathologic murmurs
Systolic pressure - ✔✔The pressure in the arteries when the heart is contracting
Diastolic pressure - ✔✔The pressure in the arteries when the heart is at rest or filling and getting ready
to contract
Beta Blockers - ✔✔Control the rate and force of heart contraction
Examples: Propranolol (Inderal), Atenolol (Tenormin), and Metoprolol (Lopressor)
Propranolol (generic) - ✔✔Inderal- (brand)
Atenolol- (generic) - ✔✔Tenormin- (brand)
Metoprolol- (generic) - ✔✔Lopressor- (brand)
Vasoconstrictors - ✔✔Dilate the vasculature
Examples: Amlodipine (Norvasc), Diltiazem (Cardizem), Hydralazine (Apresoline), Lisinopril (Prinivil), and
Valsartan (Diovan)
Ischemia - ✔✔A decrease in the blood flow in the coronary arteries that can temporarily or permanently
damage heart muscles by decreasing the available oxygen to the heart muscles
Atherosclerosis - ✔✔Hardening of the arteries
Angina pectoris - ✔✔Chest pain, the narrowing of the arteries decreases the oxygen bearing blood
supply to the heart muscle which manifest itself as chest pain
How Ischemic heart disease happens - ✔✔A decrease in the blood flow damages heart muscles by
decreasing oxygen causing ischemia. Ischemia is a buildup of fatty plaque in the arteries which
eventually causes the artery to become more narrow, which is called atherosclerosis. This narrowing
causes a decrease of oxygen bearing blood supply which manifests itself as angina pectoris (chest pain).
Eventually the plaque ruptures and small blood clots form in the area of the rupture. When some of the
small clots break off from the plaque the artery becomes more occluded causing unstable angina. From
there a larger clot could form causing a totally occluded artery( thrombosis). This leads to less blood
supply to the heart which causes a part of the heart muscle to die which is myocardial infarction.
Medications in the statin family - ✔✔Prescribed to help reduce cholesterol and prevent build up of fatty
plaque
Examples: Lipitor (atorvastatin), aspirin, plavix (clopidogrel), beta blockers such as Lopressor
(metoprolol)
Lipitor-brand name - ✔✔Atorvastatin- generic name
Plavix- brand name - ✔✔Clopidogrel- generic name
Metoprolol- brand name - ✔✔Lopressor- generic name
Myocardial Infarction (heart attack) - ✔✔Results from a severely deficient coronary arterial blood supply
to a region of the myocardium that causes cellular death (necrosis) of parts of the heart muscle
, Elective surgery after having Myocardial Infarction - ✔✔Patients used to have to wait 6 months, but now
it is 6-8 weeks with cardiology clearance
Heart Murmur - ✔✔A characteristic sound when blood flows back into the atria from the ventricles, or
into the ventricles from the aorta or pulmonary artery
Mitral Valve Prolapse - ✔✔Occurs when redundancy of the valve leaflets allow further upward motion of
the valve into the left atrium as the valve closes
Subacute Bacterial Endocarditis (SBE) - ✔✔Infection that you can get if you don't premeditate for
patients with pathologic murmurs
Systolic pressure - ✔✔The pressure in the arteries when the heart is contracting
Diastolic pressure - ✔✔The pressure in the arteries when the heart is at rest or filling and getting ready
to contract
Beta Blockers - ✔✔Control the rate and force of heart contraction
Examples: Propranolol (Inderal), Atenolol (Tenormin), and Metoprolol (Lopressor)
Propranolol (generic) - ✔✔Inderal- (brand)
Atenolol- (generic) - ✔✔Tenormin- (brand)
Metoprolol- (generic) - ✔✔Lopressor- (brand)
Vasoconstrictors - ✔✔Dilate the vasculature
Examples: Amlodipine (Norvasc), Diltiazem (Cardizem), Hydralazine (Apresoline), Lisinopril (Prinivil), and
Valsartan (Diovan)
