Cognitive Psychology Exam 2
1) Which of the following is not one of the basic characteristics of attention? - ✔✔ correct answer
auditory
26) Which of these seems to make it more likely that a visual scene change will be noticed? - ✔✔ correct
answer The element that changes is physically similar to the objects being attended.
27) The tendency to attend to and visually analyze scenes in a particular way is called: - ✔✔ correct
answer perceptual set.
29) Which of these applied problems served as an early inspiration for attention researchers? - ✔✔
correct answer the information overload problems of WWII pilots
30) _________ listening is simultaneously listening to two different messages, one in each ear. - ✔✔
correct answer Dichotic
31) What is the purpose of shadowing? - ✔✔ correct answer It makes sure that the attended message
really is attended.
33) According to the attenuation theory, the cocktail party phenomenon occurs because: - ✔✔ correct
answer information that is personally relevant to you has a low threshold for recognition.
34) A study by Corteen and Wood (1972) pre-conditioned participants to associate certain words with a
mild electric shock. Later, participants performed a dichotic listening task in which the shock-related
words were mixed with control words. All words were presented in the unattended channel during
dichotic listening. The results indicated that _____, which supported the _______ approach to attention.
- ✔✔ correct answer the shock-related words led to variation in autonomic responding; late selection
35) Which theory of attention posits that selection occurs after all incoming stimuli have been identified?
- ✔✔ correct answer late selection theory
36) Which of the following is an assumption of the multi-mode theory of attention? - ✔✔ correct answer
We have control over the use of early- and late-selection modes of attention.
, Cognitive Psychology Exam 2
38) Selective attention is to divided attention as _______ is to _______. - ✔✔ correct answer one input;
many inputs
9) The time that lapses between the presentation of two stimuli is called: - ✔✔ correct answer stimulus
onset asynchrony
39) A period of time during which the response to a second stimulus will be significantly slowed because
of the processing still occurring on the earlier stimulus is called: - ✔✔ correct answer psychological
refractory period
42) The notion of capacity as limiting attention has been criticized for being circular in nature. This
means that - ✔✔ correct answer limited capacity is used as an explanation of attentional difficulty, and
attentional difficulty is used to show evidence of limited capacity
46) Logan's (1988) instance-based view of automaticity is that as a task becomes automatic: - ✔✔
correct answer the procedures we use to carry the task change from algorithm to memory retrieval
47) Tronsky's (2005) study was on how automaticity develops in complex multiplication. As subjects did
multiplication problems over and over, they were asked to assess the strategy they were using. What
happened over time? - ✔✔ correct answer The subjects stopped actually calculating the answers and
simply recalled the correct answer from memory
53) In their investigation of cognitive errors in individuals suffering from work burnout, Van Der Linden,
Keisjers, Eling, & Van Schaijk (2005) found that burnout sufferers had ______ rates of cognitive failures
relative to those not suffering from burnout; in addition, metacognitive questionnaires indicated that
burnout sufferers had ____ metacognitive awareness regarding their error rates - ✔✔ correct answer
higher; good
54) The number of empirical investigations of distracted driving (as indicated by a 2010 PsycINFO search)
done in the six year period from 2004 to 2010 showed a _____ increase from the six year period from
1998 to 2004. - ✔✔ correct answer 150%
55) Groeger (1999) provided a framework for considering the possible effects of adding an additional
task to driving performance. Dealing with an unexpected detour due to an accident would invoke which
level of
1) Which of the following is not one of the basic characteristics of attention? - ✔✔ correct answer
auditory
26) Which of these seems to make it more likely that a visual scene change will be noticed? - ✔✔ correct
answer The element that changes is physically similar to the objects being attended.
27) The tendency to attend to and visually analyze scenes in a particular way is called: - ✔✔ correct
answer perceptual set.
29) Which of these applied problems served as an early inspiration for attention researchers? - ✔✔
correct answer the information overload problems of WWII pilots
30) _________ listening is simultaneously listening to two different messages, one in each ear. - ✔✔
correct answer Dichotic
31) What is the purpose of shadowing? - ✔✔ correct answer It makes sure that the attended message
really is attended.
33) According to the attenuation theory, the cocktail party phenomenon occurs because: - ✔✔ correct
answer information that is personally relevant to you has a low threshold for recognition.
34) A study by Corteen and Wood (1972) pre-conditioned participants to associate certain words with a
mild electric shock. Later, participants performed a dichotic listening task in which the shock-related
words were mixed with control words. All words were presented in the unattended channel during
dichotic listening. The results indicated that _____, which supported the _______ approach to attention.
- ✔✔ correct answer the shock-related words led to variation in autonomic responding; late selection
35) Which theory of attention posits that selection occurs after all incoming stimuli have been identified?
- ✔✔ correct answer late selection theory
36) Which of the following is an assumption of the multi-mode theory of attention? - ✔✔ correct answer
We have control over the use of early- and late-selection modes of attention.
, Cognitive Psychology Exam 2
38) Selective attention is to divided attention as _______ is to _______. - ✔✔ correct answer one input;
many inputs
9) The time that lapses between the presentation of two stimuli is called: - ✔✔ correct answer stimulus
onset asynchrony
39) A period of time during which the response to a second stimulus will be significantly slowed because
of the processing still occurring on the earlier stimulus is called: - ✔✔ correct answer psychological
refractory period
42) The notion of capacity as limiting attention has been criticized for being circular in nature. This
means that - ✔✔ correct answer limited capacity is used as an explanation of attentional difficulty, and
attentional difficulty is used to show evidence of limited capacity
46) Logan's (1988) instance-based view of automaticity is that as a task becomes automatic: - ✔✔
correct answer the procedures we use to carry the task change from algorithm to memory retrieval
47) Tronsky's (2005) study was on how automaticity develops in complex multiplication. As subjects did
multiplication problems over and over, they were asked to assess the strategy they were using. What
happened over time? - ✔✔ correct answer The subjects stopped actually calculating the answers and
simply recalled the correct answer from memory
53) In their investigation of cognitive errors in individuals suffering from work burnout, Van Der Linden,
Keisjers, Eling, & Van Schaijk (2005) found that burnout sufferers had ______ rates of cognitive failures
relative to those not suffering from burnout; in addition, metacognitive questionnaires indicated that
burnout sufferers had ____ metacognitive awareness regarding their error rates - ✔✔ correct answer
higher; good
54) The number of empirical investigations of distracted driving (as indicated by a 2010 PsycINFO search)
done in the six year period from 2004 to 2010 showed a _____ increase from the six year period from
1998 to 2004. - ✔✔ correct answer 150%
55) Groeger (1999) provided a framework for considering the possible effects of adding an additional
task to driving performance. Dealing with an unexpected detour due to an accident would invoke which
level of
