AQA-GCSE Biology Topic 6 Exam
Questions and Answers 100% Solved
What are chromosomes? - ✔✔They are really long molecules of DNA
What does DNA stand for - ✔✔DeoxyribonNucleicAcid. It is a complex
chemical in a thread-like chain. It contains coded information and genetic
information
Where is DNA found - ✔✔It is found in the nucleus of animal and plant cells
in long structures called chromosomes. Chromosomes normally come in
pairs
What is DNA structure called - ✔✔It is a polymer. It is made up of two
strands coiled together in the shape of a double helix.
What is a gene - ✔✔It is a small section of DNA found on a chromosome.
Each gene codes a particular sequence of amino which are put together to
make a specific protein. Tells the order to put the amino acids together.
How many acids are used to make a specific protein - ✔✔20 amino acids
are used to make up thousands of different proteins.
1
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,What does DNA determine - ✔✔It determines what proteins the cell
produces e.g haemoglobin. That in turn determines what type of cell it is
e.g red blood cell
What is genome? - ✔✔It is an entire set of genetic material in an organism.
Why are determining the genes in the genome useful? - ✔✔It allows to link
the gene with different types of disease. Knowing which genes are linked to
the inherited diseases could help us understand them and develop effective
treatments for them. Scientists can look at genomes to trace the migration
of certain populations of people around the world. It can tell us when new
populations split off in different direction and what route they took
What is reproduction - ✔✔It is when genetic information in the
chromosomes is passed on from parents to their offspring. There are two
very different ways of reproducing asexual reproduction and sexual
reproduction
What is asexual reproduction - ✔✔This only involves one parent. The cells
divide by mitosis. There is no joining (fusion) of special sex cells (gametes)
and so there is no mixing of genetic information.
What is there not in asexual reproduction - ✔✔There is no variation.
2
©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
, What do asexual reproduction give a rise to - ✔✔It gives a rise to
genetically identical offspring known as clones. Their genetic material is
identical both to the parent and to each other. Only mitosis is involved in
asexual reproduction
What is asexual reproduction common in - ✔✔smallest animals and plants,
and in fungi and bacteria. The cells of your body reproduce asexually all
the time.
What is mitosis. - ✔✔They divide into two identical cells
What is sexual reproduction - ✔✔Is when genetic information from two
organisms is combined to produce offspring which are genetically different
to either parents. It is the fusion of two special sex cells to form a zygote,
which goes on to develop a new individual.
What is the difference between sexual reproduction and asexual - ✔✔In
sexual reproduction, there is genetic variation, needs gametes, slow, more
energy consuming, needs meiosis. While asexual is just one parents,
produces clones, less energy consuming, quick
How are gametes formed - ✔✔They're formed by meiosis. The
chromosome number of the original cell is halved, so that when the
gametes join together the cell has the right number of chromosomes.
3
©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
Questions and Answers 100% Solved
What are chromosomes? - ✔✔They are really long molecules of DNA
What does DNA stand for - ✔✔DeoxyribonNucleicAcid. It is a complex
chemical in a thread-like chain. It contains coded information and genetic
information
Where is DNA found - ✔✔It is found in the nucleus of animal and plant cells
in long structures called chromosomes. Chromosomes normally come in
pairs
What is DNA structure called - ✔✔It is a polymer. It is made up of two
strands coiled together in the shape of a double helix.
What is a gene - ✔✔It is a small section of DNA found on a chromosome.
Each gene codes a particular sequence of amino which are put together to
make a specific protein. Tells the order to put the amino acids together.
How many acids are used to make a specific protein - ✔✔20 amino acids
are used to make up thousands of different proteins.
1
©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
,What does DNA determine - ✔✔It determines what proteins the cell
produces e.g haemoglobin. That in turn determines what type of cell it is
e.g red blood cell
What is genome? - ✔✔It is an entire set of genetic material in an organism.
Why are determining the genes in the genome useful? - ✔✔It allows to link
the gene with different types of disease. Knowing which genes are linked to
the inherited diseases could help us understand them and develop effective
treatments for them. Scientists can look at genomes to trace the migration
of certain populations of people around the world. It can tell us when new
populations split off in different direction and what route they took
What is reproduction - ✔✔It is when genetic information in the
chromosomes is passed on from parents to their offspring. There are two
very different ways of reproducing asexual reproduction and sexual
reproduction
What is asexual reproduction - ✔✔This only involves one parent. The cells
divide by mitosis. There is no joining (fusion) of special sex cells (gametes)
and so there is no mixing of genetic information.
What is there not in asexual reproduction - ✔✔There is no variation.
2
©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
, What do asexual reproduction give a rise to - ✔✔It gives a rise to
genetically identical offspring known as clones. Their genetic material is
identical both to the parent and to each other. Only mitosis is involved in
asexual reproduction
What is asexual reproduction common in - ✔✔smallest animals and plants,
and in fungi and bacteria. The cells of your body reproduce asexually all
the time.
What is mitosis. - ✔✔They divide into two identical cells
What is sexual reproduction - ✔✔Is when genetic information from two
organisms is combined to produce offspring which are genetically different
to either parents. It is the fusion of two special sex cells to form a zygote,
which goes on to develop a new individual.
What is the difference between sexual reproduction and asexual - ✔✔In
sexual reproduction, there is genetic variation, needs gametes, slow, more
energy consuming, needs meiosis. While asexual is just one parents,
produces clones, less energy consuming, quick
How are gametes formed - ✔✔They're formed by meiosis. The
chromosome number of the original cell is halved, so that when the
gametes join together the cell has the right number of chromosomes.
3
©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
