BIOD 121 Essentials in Nutrition
Module 3 | Questions and
answers| Latest version 2024/2025
Body Image: - ANSWER -a perception of who we view our bodies which is shaped by outside
influences
How you see yourself can be defined as: - ANSWER -body image
What are outside influences that could shape our body image: - ANSWER -family, genetics, peers,
media, clothing designers
For many people especially women, our self-esteem is correlated to: - ANSWER -our shape and body
weight
There is a correlation with our increase in weight, intake of __________, and increase in
____________. - ANSWER -process foods; chronic disease
What kinds of chronic diseases that are related to weight: - ANSWER -type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular
disease, certain types of cancers, tension, and stroke
Energy balance: - ANSWER -energy intake being equal to the energy we expend
When the number of calories we ingest from food and beverages has to be equivalent to what we
are burning through exercise and basic body functions is known as: - ANSWER -energy balance
Positive energy balance: - ANSWER -occurs when more calories are being consumed than are being
expended in a day (this leads to weight gain)
1 pound is what in calories: - ANSWER -3500 calories
Fats are stored as: - ANSWER -adipose tissue
Adipose tissue: - ANSWER -connective tissue in which fat is stored
Hyperplasia: - ANSWER -increase in number of fat cells during the development stage
Hypertrophy: - ANSWER -in which fat cells that we have during the development stage increase in
size in adulthood
Negative energy balance: - ANSWER -when calorie intake is less than whats expended, this then leads
to weight loss, but it not always desirable due to illness or trauma
Four factors that one can expend energy: - ANSWER -1. basal metabolism
2. physical activity
3. thermic effect of food
4. thermogeneesis
, Basal metabolism: - ANSWER -accounts for 60-70% total kcals of a person and is known as your basal
metabolic rate
Basal metabolic rate: - ANSWER -is the body's resting rate of energy expenditure
The number of calories your body is going to use during the fasting state is known as: - ANSWER -
basal metabolic rate
Things that can change your BMR is: - ANSWER -body size, temperature, age, gender, lean body
muscles, nervous system activity, caffeine, and smoking
Physical activity: - ANSWER -accounts for 15-40% total kcals of a person, bodily movement, body size,
and fitness level determines calorie expenditure.
Low physical activity leads to: - ANSWER -weight gain
Thermic effect of food: - ANSWER -accounts for 10% total kcals of a person, it is the energy that we
use for digestion and absorption of food (larger meals have a higher thermic effect)
Thermogenesis: - ANSWER -is the ability of regulate our body temperature during different activities;
it is the process of heat production
Brown adipose tissue is known as brown fat is: - ANSWER -a tissue in the neck and between the
shoulders that is specialized for rapid heat production; it is found more in children and infants
White adipose tissue is known as white fat is: - ANSWER -a type of adipose tissue found in adults
How are calories measured: - ANSWER -directly and indirectly
Direct calorimetry: - ANSWER -measures the heat production of an individual, in calories, when
placed in an insulated chamber/isolated environment where you can accurately measure everything
from the beginning of the day to end
Indirect calorimetry: - ANSWER -a technique that measures inspired and expired gas flows, volumes
and concentrations of O2 and CO2. For example you can put someone on a treadmill and put them
on monitors to measure oxygen levels
Anther Indirect calorimetry is to use the estimated energy requirement (EER) formula which is based
on: - ANSWER -gender, age, height, weight, and physical activity; there are different formulas for
women and men
Body mass index: - ANSWER -is a ratio of your height to your weight in which its used as a measure of
underweight, normal, overweight, obese, and obesity in the general population
BMI's arent accurate for everyone such as: - ANSWER -kids because they grow fast, teens as the go
on to puberty, women who aree pregnant or breastfeeding moms, those how are more muscular, or
have a short stature
BMI - underweight range: - ANSWER -less than 18.5
BMI - healthy range: - ANSWER -19-24.9
BMI - overweight range: - ANSWER -25-29.99
BMI - obese range: - ANSWER -greater than 30
Module 3 | Questions and
answers| Latest version 2024/2025
Body Image: - ANSWER -a perception of who we view our bodies which is shaped by outside
influences
How you see yourself can be defined as: - ANSWER -body image
What are outside influences that could shape our body image: - ANSWER -family, genetics, peers,
media, clothing designers
For many people especially women, our self-esteem is correlated to: - ANSWER -our shape and body
weight
There is a correlation with our increase in weight, intake of __________, and increase in
____________. - ANSWER -process foods; chronic disease
What kinds of chronic diseases that are related to weight: - ANSWER -type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular
disease, certain types of cancers, tension, and stroke
Energy balance: - ANSWER -energy intake being equal to the energy we expend
When the number of calories we ingest from food and beverages has to be equivalent to what we
are burning through exercise and basic body functions is known as: - ANSWER -energy balance
Positive energy balance: - ANSWER -occurs when more calories are being consumed than are being
expended in a day (this leads to weight gain)
1 pound is what in calories: - ANSWER -3500 calories
Fats are stored as: - ANSWER -adipose tissue
Adipose tissue: - ANSWER -connective tissue in which fat is stored
Hyperplasia: - ANSWER -increase in number of fat cells during the development stage
Hypertrophy: - ANSWER -in which fat cells that we have during the development stage increase in
size in adulthood
Negative energy balance: - ANSWER -when calorie intake is less than whats expended, this then leads
to weight loss, but it not always desirable due to illness or trauma
Four factors that one can expend energy: - ANSWER -1. basal metabolism
2. physical activity
3. thermic effect of food
4. thermogeneesis
, Basal metabolism: - ANSWER -accounts for 60-70% total kcals of a person and is known as your basal
metabolic rate
Basal metabolic rate: - ANSWER -is the body's resting rate of energy expenditure
The number of calories your body is going to use during the fasting state is known as: - ANSWER -
basal metabolic rate
Things that can change your BMR is: - ANSWER -body size, temperature, age, gender, lean body
muscles, nervous system activity, caffeine, and smoking
Physical activity: - ANSWER -accounts for 15-40% total kcals of a person, bodily movement, body size,
and fitness level determines calorie expenditure.
Low physical activity leads to: - ANSWER -weight gain
Thermic effect of food: - ANSWER -accounts for 10% total kcals of a person, it is the energy that we
use for digestion and absorption of food (larger meals have a higher thermic effect)
Thermogenesis: - ANSWER -is the ability of regulate our body temperature during different activities;
it is the process of heat production
Brown adipose tissue is known as brown fat is: - ANSWER -a tissue in the neck and between the
shoulders that is specialized for rapid heat production; it is found more in children and infants
White adipose tissue is known as white fat is: - ANSWER -a type of adipose tissue found in adults
How are calories measured: - ANSWER -directly and indirectly
Direct calorimetry: - ANSWER -measures the heat production of an individual, in calories, when
placed in an insulated chamber/isolated environment where you can accurately measure everything
from the beginning of the day to end
Indirect calorimetry: - ANSWER -a technique that measures inspired and expired gas flows, volumes
and concentrations of O2 and CO2. For example you can put someone on a treadmill and put them
on monitors to measure oxygen levels
Anther Indirect calorimetry is to use the estimated energy requirement (EER) formula which is based
on: - ANSWER -gender, age, height, weight, and physical activity; there are different formulas for
women and men
Body mass index: - ANSWER -is a ratio of your height to your weight in which its used as a measure of
underweight, normal, overweight, obese, and obesity in the general population
BMI's arent accurate for everyone such as: - ANSWER -kids because they grow fast, teens as the go
on to puberty, women who aree pregnant or breastfeeding moms, those how are more muscular, or
have a short stature
BMI - underweight range: - ANSWER -less than 18.5
BMI - healthy range: - ANSWER -19-24.9
BMI - overweight range: - ANSWER -25-29.99
BMI - obese range: - ANSWER -greater than 30
