AC-HPAT Biology QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED VERIFIED ANSWERS (100% CORRECT ANSWERS) / ALREADY GRADED A+

AC-HPAT Biology .m




1. Pancreas and .m The pancreas is the organ that produces insulin, and it
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Type 1 diabetes
.m .m .m plays a major role in regulating blood glucose levels.Type1
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diabetes occurs when the pancreas does not make
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enough or any insulin.
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2. How does in- Insulin pumpsare small,computerized devices that mimicthe
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sulin work in dia- way the human pancreas works by delivering small doses
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betes?
.m of short acting insulin continuously (basal rate). .m .m .m .m .m .m .m




The device also is used to deliver variable amounts .m .m .m .m .m .m .m .m




ofinsulin when a meal is eaten (bolus) .m .m .m .m .m .m .m .m




3. chemotherapy Chemotherapy is a drug treatment that uses power- .m .m .m .m .m .m .m




ful chemicals to kill fast-growing cells in your body.
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Chemotherapy is most often used to treat cancer, since
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cancer cells grow and multiply much more quickly than
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most cells in the body.It targets cells that grow and dividequic
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kly, as cancer cells do. Unlike radiation or surgery, which
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target specific areas, chemo can work
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throughoutyourbody.Butitcan also affect some fast-
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growing healthycells, like those of the skin, hair, intestines, .m .m .m .m .m .m .m .m .m




and bone marrow.
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4. How can stem .m .m Stem cell transplant replaces the leukemia cells in your
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cells be used
.m .m .m bone marrow with new ones that make blood.Your
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inthe treatment
.m .m .m doctorcan get the new stem cells from your own body or
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ofleukemia?
.m .m from a donor. Stem cell transplantation is effective
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And how
.m .m against leukemia. In many cases, however, the
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effective isit?
.m .m .m transferred im-
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mune cells of the donor also attack the recipients' healthytis
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sue—often with fatal consequences .......... Stem cell thera- .m .m .m .m .m




py offers people suffering from leukemia or bone-
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marrowcancer the chance of full recovery. .m .m .m .m .m .m




5. Why is .m




laser technolo- Lasers are more precise than standard surgical tools
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(scalpels),so they doless damageto normaltissues.As a .m .m .m .m .m .m .m .m .m .m .m




gy more effective result, patients usually have less pain, bleeding, swelling,
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than convention- and scarring.With laser therapy, operations are
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al surgery in re- usuallyshorter.
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moving cancer-
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ous tumours?
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,AC-HPAT Biology
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, AC-HPAT Biology .m




6. Urinary system .m · The urinary system, also known as the renal system
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or urinary tract, consists of the kidneys, ureters,
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bladder,and the urethra.The purpose of the urinary
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system is
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to eliminate waste from the body, regulate blood
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volumeand blood pressure, control levels of electrolytes
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and metabolites, and regulate blood pH
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7. Nanotechnology Nanotechnology can provide rapid and sensitive detec-
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tion of cancer-related molecules, enabling scientists to .m .m .m .m .m .m




detect molecular changes even when they occur only ina
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small percentage of cells. .m .m .m .m




8. Mercury poison- The most common cause of mercury poisoning is from
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ing
.m consuming too much methyl mercury or organic mer-
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cury, which is linked to eating seafood. Small amounts of
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mercury are present in everyday foods and products,
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which may not affect your health. Too much mercury,
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however, can be poisonous.Mercury salts affect primarilyth
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e gastrointestinal tract and the kidneys, and can .m .m .m .m .m .m .m




causeseverekidneydamage;however,as they cannot cross
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theblood-brain barriereasily, these saltsinflictlittleneurolog- .m .m .m .m .m .m .m .m




ical damage without continuous or heavy exposure.
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9. How can ultra-
.m .m UV rays may lead to macular degeneration, a leading
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violet light from
.m .m .m cause of vision loss for older Americans. UV rays, espe-
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the sun affect the
.m .m .m .m .m ciallyUV-B rays, mayalso cause some kinds of cataracts.A
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cells of the hu-
.m .m .m cataract is a clouding of the eye's natural lens, the partof
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man eye?
.m .m the eye that focuses the light we see.
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10. Macromolecules Macromolecules are large molecules composed of thou-
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sands of covalently connected atoms. Carbohydrates,
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lipids,proteins,and nucleic acids are all macromolecules.M
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acromolecules are formed by many monomers linking .m .m .m .m .m .m




together, forming a polymer. .m .m .m .m




11. passive trans- .m Passive transport is a movement of ions and other atomic or .m .m .m .m .m .m .m .m .m .m




port
.m molecular substances across cell membranes
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without need of energy input. Unlike active transport, it
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does not
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