BTEC APPLIED SCIENCE UNIT 1
(CHEMISTRY),BRAND NEW VERIFIED
EXAM QUESTIONS AND 100%
CORRECT ANSWERS ALL GRADED
A+|GUARANTEED SUCCESS|LATEST
UPDATE 2024-2025
How many electrons can an s subshell hold? - ANSWER✅✅2
How many electrons can a p subshell hold? - ANSWER✅✅6
How many electrons can a d subshell hold? - ANSWER✅✅10
Which subshells are available in the first energy level? - ANSWER✅✅s
Which subshells are available in the second energy level? - ANSWER✅✅s and p
Which subshells are available in the third energy level? - ANSWER✅✅s, p and d
What is Hund's rule? (Think bus seats!) - ANSWER✅✅Orbitals must all be singly
filled before they can be doubly occupied
,Which elements do not fill the 4s subshell before the 3d subshell? -
ANSWER✅✅Copper and chromium
Define the term ionic bond - ANSWER✅✅The electrostatic attraction between
oppositely charged ions
What is the charge of an ion from group 1? - ANSWER✅✅+1
What is the charge of an ion from group 2? - ANSWER✅✅+2
What is the charge of an ion from group 6? - ANSWER✅✅-2
What is the charge of an ion from group 7? - ANSWER✅✅-1
Explain how atoms of sodium react with atoms of chlorine - ANSWER✅✅Na loses
its 2s1 electron gaining a +ve charge.
Cl gains an electron in the 3p subshell gaining a -ve charge.
The opposite charges attract to form NaCl
Why do ionic bonds have such high melting points? - ANSWER✅✅Each +ve ion is
surrounded by 6 -ve ions and vice versa.
Strong electrostatic attraction in every direction.
Requires a large amount of energy to break
State two factors that affect the strength of an ionic bond - ANSWER✅✅Size of ion
and charge on ion
When can ionic substances conduct electricity? - ANSWER✅✅When molten or in
aqueous solution
Describe the properties of ionic compounds - ANSWER✅✅Conduct electricity when
molten or aqueous solution
High melting/boiling points
Usually soluble in water
Define the term covalent bond - ANSWER✅✅A shared pair of electrons
Which metals lose electrons from the 4s subshell before the 3d subshell? -
ANSWER✅✅Transition metals
Why do metals have such high melting points? - ANSWER✅✅Strong force of
attraction between positive ions and delocalised electrons. This requires a large
amount of energy to overcome.
State the two factors that affect the strength of metallic bonding - ANSWER✅✅Size
of ion
Charge on ion
, Explain how the charge on metal ions affects the strength of the metallic bond -
ANSWER✅✅The larger the +ve charge the greater the attraction between the
nucleus and the delocalised electrons
Explain how the size of the metal ions affects the strength of the metallic bond -
ANSWER✅✅The smaller the +ve ion the closer the nucleus is to the delocalised
electrons creating a greater attraction
Explain why metals conduct electricity - ANSWER✅✅The delocalised electrons
'carry' charge. Current flows because of this.
Explain why metals conduct heat - ANSWER✅✅Particles are paced tightly so kinetic
energy is passed from ion to ion. The delocalised electrons also enable heat to be
passed.
Explain why metals are ductile and malleable - ANSWER✅✅The lattice structure
allows layers of metal ions to slide over each other without disrupting bonding
Name the 3 forces between molecules - ANSWER✅✅Van der Waals
Permanent dipole-dipole
Hydrogen bonds
Order the 3 forces between molecules in order of strongest to weakest -
ANSWER✅✅Hydrogen bonds
Permanent dipole-dipole
Van der Waals
How are Van der Waal's forces formed? - ANSWER✅✅Electrons move to one side,
caused temporary dipole. This induces a temporary dipole in neighbouring molecules.
Attraction occurs between oppositely charged dipoles
In what molecules do Van der Waal's forces exist? - ANSWER✅✅Non-polar
molecules
How are permanent dipole-dipole forces formed? - ANSWER✅✅Permanent dipole
in one molecule attracts oppositely charged permanent dipole in neighbouring
molecule
In which molecules do permanent dipole-dipole forces exist? - ANSWER✅✅Polar
molecules
Which elements must be present for hydrogen bonds to exist? -
ANSWER✅✅Hydrogen and either nitrogen, oxygen or fluorine
What is meant by the term displacement? - ANSWER✅✅When a more reactive
element takes the place of a less reactive element in a compound
(CHEMISTRY),BRAND NEW VERIFIED
EXAM QUESTIONS AND 100%
CORRECT ANSWERS ALL GRADED
A+|GUARANTEED SUCCESS|LATEST
UPDATE 2024-2025
How many electrons can an s subshell hold? - ANSWER✅✅2
How many electrons can a p subshell hold? - ANSWER✅✅6
How many electrons can a d subshell hold? - ANSWER✅✅10
Which subshells are available in the first energy level? - ANSWER✅✅s
Which subshells are available in the second energy level? - ANSWER✅✅s and p
Which subshells are available in the third energy level? - ANSWER✅✅s, p and d
What is Hund's rule? (Think bus seats!) - ANSWER✅✅Orbitals must all be singly
filled before they can be doubly occupied
,Which elements do not fill the 4s subshell before the 3d subshell? -
ANSWER✅✅Copper and chromium
Define the term ionic bond - ANSWER✅✅The electrostatic attraction between
oppositely charged ions
What is the charge of an ion from group 1? - ANSWER✅✅+1
What is the charge of an ion from group 2? - ANSWER✅✅+2
What is the charge of an ion from group 6? - ANSWER✅✅-2
What is the charge of an ion from group 7? - ANSWER✅✅-1
Explain how atoms of sodium react with atoms of chlorine - ANSWER✅✅Na loses
its 2s1 electron gaining a +ve charge.
Cl gains an electron in the 3p subshell gaining a -ve charge.
The opposite charges attract to form NaCl
Why do ionic bonds have such high melting points? - ANSWER✅✅Each +ve ion is
surrounded by 6 -ve ions and vice versa.
Strong electrostatic attraction in every direction.
Requires a large amount of energy to break
State two factors that affect the strength of an ionic bond - ANSWER✅✅Size of ion
and charge on ion
When can ionic substances conduct electricity? - ANSWER✅✅When molten or in
aqueous solution
Describe the properties of ionic compounds - ANSWER✅✅Conduct electricity when
molten or aqueous solution
High melting/boiling points
Usually soluble in water
Define the term covalent bond - ANSWER✅✅A shared pair of electrons
Which metals lose electrons from the 4s subshell before the 3d subshell? -
ANSWER✅✅Transition metals
Why do metals have such high melting points? - ANSWER✅✅Strong force of
attraction between positive ions and delocalised electrons. This requires a large
amount of energy to overcome.
State the two factors that affect the strength of metallic bonding - ANSWER✅✅Size
of ion
Charge on ion
, Explain how the charge on metal ions affects the strength of the metallic bond -
ANSWER✅✅The larger the +ve charge the greater the attraction between the
nucleus and the delocalised electrons
Explain how the size of the metal ions affects the strength of the metallic bond -
ANSWER✅✅The smaller the +ve ion the closer the nucleus is to the delocalised
electrons creating a greater attraction
Explain why metals conduct electricity - ANSWER✅✅The delocalised electrons
'carry' charge. Current flows because of this.
Explain why metals conduct heat - ANSWER✅✅Particles are paced tightly so kinetic
energy is passed from ion to ion. The delocalised electrons also enable heat to be
passed.
Explain why metals are ductile and malleable - ANSWER✅✅The lattice structure
allows layers of metal ions to slide over each other without disrupting bonding
Name the 3 forces between molecules - ANSWER✅✅Van der Waals
Permanent dipole-dipole
Hydrogen bonds
Order the 3 forces between molecules in order of strongest to weakest -
ANSWER✅✅Hydrogen bonds
Permanent dipole-dipole
Van der Waals
How are Van der Waal's forces formed? - ANSWER✅✅Electrons move to one side,
caused temporary dipole. This induces a temporary dipole in neighbouring molecules.
Attraction occurs between oppositely charged dipoles
In what molecules do Van der Waal's forces exist? - ANSWER✅✅Non-polar
molecules
How are permanent dipole-dipole forces formed? - ANSWER✅✅Permanent dipole
in one molecule attracts oppositely charged permanent dipole in neighbouring
molecule
In which molecules do permanent dipole-dipole forces exist? - ANSWER✅✅Polar
molecules
Which elements must be present for hydrogen bonds to exist? -
ANSWER✅✅Hydrogen and either nitrogen, oxygen or fluorine
What is meant by the term displacement? - ANSWER✅✅When a more reactive
element takes the place of a less reactive element in a compound
