MBG 3060 Midterm 2025 Exam Graded A+
1) What are the two consequences of population size?
2) Describe increasing frequency of homozygous genotypes
3) Describe allele frequency changes without selection, migration, or mutation* -
ANSWER-1)-increasing frequency of homozygous genotypes
-allele frequency changes without selection, migration or mutation
2) inbreeding
-decreasing frequency of heterozygous genotypes
-more mating between two identical genotypes
-more offspring that are homozygous
-less genetic variation in the population
3) genetic drift
-alleles lost
-less genetic variation in the population
1) What are the two main notes about artificial selection?
2) How is it goal oriented?* - ANSWER-1) -humans decide
-goal oriented
2) -appearance
-use
-productivity
-satisfaction
-whimsy
1) What happens when 2 loci are not independent?
2) What are factors affecting independence and F2 ratios?* - ANSWER-1) -F2 ratios do
not hold
2) -pleiotropy: one locus affects two or more traits
-epistasis: alleles at one locus affect the expression of alleles at a different locus
-linkage: two or more loci are on the same chromosome
1) What is fitness an aspect of?
2) What is mutation a function of?
3) Most mutant alleles are recessive to?* - ANSWER-1) phenotype
2) natural selection
3) wild type but if heterozygotes have fitness levels at or above the wild type-the
mutation can stay
1) What is migration?
2) The proportion of alleles in the new population depends on what?* - ANSWER-1) the
movement of alleles from one population to another
2) -immigration rate
-difference in allele frequencies between the two populations
1) What are the two consequences of population size?
2) Describe increasing frequency of homozygous genotypes
3) Describe allele frequency changes without selection, migration, or mutation* -
ANSWER-1)-increasing frequency of homozygous genotypes
-allele frequency changes without selection, migration or mutation
2) inbreeding
-decreasing frequency of heterozygous genotypes
-more mating between two identical genotypes
-more offspring that are homozygous
-less genetic variation in the population
3) genetic drift
-alleles lost
-less genetic variation in the population
1) What are the two main notes about artificial selection?
2) How is it goal oriented?* - ANSWER-1) -humans decide
-goal oriented
2) -appearance
-use
-productivity
-satisfaction
-whimsy
1) What happens when 2 loci are not independent?
2) What are factors affecting independence and F2 ratios?* - ANSWER-1) -F2 ratios do
not hold
2) -pleiotropy: one locus affects two or more traits
-epistasis: alleles at one locus affect the expression of alleles at a different locus
-linkage: two or more loci are on the same chromosome
1) What is fitness an aspect of?
2) What is mutation a function of?
3) Most mutant alleles are recessive to?* - ANSWER-1) phenotype
2) natural selection
3) wild type but if heterozygotes have fitness levels at or above the wild type-the
mutation can stay
1) What is migration?
2) The proportion of alleles in the new population depends on what?* - ANSWER-1) the
movement of alleles from one population to another
2) -immigration rate
-difference in allele frequencies between the two populations
