,Chapter 1: Chemical Foundations
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1. Which of the following is an example of a quantitative observation?
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A) The piece of metal is longer than the piece of wood.
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B) Solution 1 is much darker than solution 2. f f f f f f f
C) The liquid in beaker A is blue.
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D) The temperature of the liquid is 60°C.
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E) At least two of the above (A-D) are quantitative observations.
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ANS: D DIF: Easy
f REF: 1.2
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | scientific method
f f f f f f f f f f
MSC: Conceptual
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2. A quantitative observation
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A) contains a number and a unit f f f f f
B) does not contain a number f f f f
C) always makes a comparison f f f
D) must be obtained through experimentation
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E) is none of these
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ANS: A DIF: Easy
f REF: 1.2
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | scientific method
f f f f f f f f f f
MSC: Conceptual
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3. Generally, observed behavior that can be formulated into a statement, sometimes
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mathematical in nature, is called a(n)
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A) observation
B) measurement
C) theory
D) natural law f
E) experiment
ANS: D DIF: Easy
f REF: 1.2
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | scientific method
f f f f f f f f f f
MSC: Conceptual
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4. The statement “The total mass of materials is not affected by a chemical change in those
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materials” is called a(n)
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A) observation
B) measurement
C) theory
D) natural law f
E) experiment
ANS: D DIF: Easy
f REF: 1.2
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | scientific method
f f f f f f f f f f
MSC: Conceptual
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5. A chemical theory that has been known for a long time becomes a law.
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, ANS: F DIF: Easy f REF: 1.2
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | scientific method
f f f f f f f f f f
MSC: Conceptual
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6. Which of the following metric relationships is incorrect?
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A) 1 microliter = 10–6 liters
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B) 1 gram = 103 kilograms
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C) 103 milliliters = 1 liter f f f f
D) 1 gram = 102 centigrams
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E) 10 decimeters = 1 meter f f f f
ANS: B DIF: Easy f REF: 1.3
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | measurement | SI unit | prefixes
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MSC: Quantitative
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7. For which pair is the SI prefix not matched correctly with its meaning?
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A)
f f
B)
C)
D) f
E)
ANS: C DIF: Easy f REF: 1.3
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | measurement | SI unit | prefixes
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
MSC: Conceptual
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8. A metric unit for length is
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A) gram
B) milliliter
C) yard
D) kilometer
E) pound
ANS: D DIF: Easy f REF: 1.3
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | measurement | SI unit | base unit
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
MSC: Conceptual
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9. Which of the following is not a unit in the SI system?
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A) ampere
B) candela
C) Kelvin
D) meter
E) calorie
ANS: E DIF: Easy f REF: 1.3
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | measurement | SI unit | base unit
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
MSC: Conceptual
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10. Order the four metric prefixes from smallest to largest.
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, A) nano- < milli- < centi- < kilo- f f f f f f
B) milli- < nano- < centi- < kilo- f f f f f f
C) kilo- < centi- < nano- < milli-
f f f f f f
D) kilo- < centi- < milli- < nano-
f f f f f f
E) centi- < nano- < kilo- < milli- f f f f f f
ANS: A DIF: Easy
f REF: 1.3
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | measurement | SI unit | prefixes
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
MSC: Conceptual
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11. 8.1 kilogram(s) contains this many grams.
f f f f f
A) 8.1 102
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B) 8.1 103
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C) 81f
D) 0.81
f
E) 8.1 10−3
f f f
ANS: B DIF: Easy
f REF: 1.3
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | measurement | SI unit | massMSC:
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Conceptual
f
12. Convert 0.3980 m to mm. f f f f
A)
f
B)
C)
D)
E)
ANS: A DIF: Easy
f REF: 1.3
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | measurement | SI unit | prefixes
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
MSC: Conceptual
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13. 6.1 seconds contain this many picoseconds.
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A) 6.1 1012
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B) 6.1 10−12
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C) 6.1 10−9
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D) 6.1 109
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E) 6.1 1015
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ANS: A DIF: Easy
f REF: 1.3
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | measurement | SI unit | prefixes
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
MSC: Conceptual
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14. 9.49 seconds contain this many nanoseconds.
f f f f f
A) 9.49 107
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B) 9.49 109
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C) 9.49 1012
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D) 9.49 1010
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E) 9.49 108
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f f f
1. Which of the following is an example of a quantitative observation?
f f f f f f f f f f
A) The piece of metal is longer than the piece of wood.
f f f f f f f f f f
B) Solution 1 is much darker than solution 2. f f f f f f f
C) The liquid in beaker A is blue.
f f f f f f
D) The temperature of the liquid is 60°C.
f f f f f f
E) At least two of the above (A-D) are quantitative observations.
f f f f f f f f f
ANS: D DIF: Easy
f REF: 1.2
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | scientific method
f f f f f f f f f f
MSC: Conceptual
f f
2. A quantitative observation
f f
A) contains a number and a unit f f f f f
B) does not contain a number f f f f
C) always makes a comparison f f f
D) must be obtained through experimentation
f f f f
E) is none of these
f f f
ANS: A DIF: Easy
f REF: 1.2
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | scientific method
f f f f f f f f f f
MSC: Conceptual
f f
3. Generally, observed behavior that can be formulated into a statement, sometimes
f f f f f f f f f f
mathematical in nature, is called a(n)
f f f f f f
A) observation
B) measurement
C) theory
D) natural law f
E) experiment
ANS: D DIF: Easy
f REF: 1.2
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | scientific method
f f f f f f f f f f
MSC: Conceptual
f f
4. The statement “The total mass of materials is not affected by a chemical change in those
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
materials” is called a(n)
f f f f
A) observation
B) measurement
C) theory
D) natural law f
E) experiment
ANS: D DIF: Easy
f REF: 1.2
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | scientific method
f f f f f f f f f f
MSC: Conceptual
f f
5. A chemical theory that has been known for a long time becomes a law.
f f f f f f f f f f f f f
, ANS: F DIF: Easy f REF: 1.2
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | scientific method
f f f f f f f f f f
MSC: Conceptual
f f
6. Which of the following metric relationships is incorrect?
f f f f f f f
A) 1 microliter = 10–6 liters
f f f f
B) 1 gram = 103 kilograms
f f f f
C) 103 milliliters = 1 liter f f f f
D) 1 gram = 102 centigrams
f f f f
E) 10 decimeters = 1 meter f f f f
ANS: B DIF: Easy f REF: 1.3
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | measurement | SI unit | prefixes
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
MSC: Quantitative
f f
7. For which pair is the SI prefix not matched correctly with its meaning?
f f f f f f f f f f f f
A)
f f
B)
C)
D) f
E)
ANS: C DIF: Easy f REF: 1.3
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | measurement | SI unit | prefixes
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
MSC: Conceptual
f f
8. A metric unit for length is
f f f f f
A) gram
B) milliliter
C) yard
D) kilometer
E) pound
ANS: D DIF: Easy f REF: 1.3
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | measurement | SI unit | base unit
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
MSC: Conceptual
f f
9. Which of the following is not a unit in the SI system?
f f f f f f f f f f f
A) ampere
B) candela
C) Kelvin
D) meter
E) calorie
ANS: E DIF: Easy f REF: 1.3
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | measurement | SI unit | base unit
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
MSC: Conceptual
f f
10. Order the four metric prefixes from smallest to largest.
f f f f f f f f
, A) nano- < milli- < centi- < kilo- f f f f f f
B) milli- < nano- < centi- < kilo- f f f f f f
C) kilo- < centi- < nano- < milli-
f f f f f f
D) kilo- < centi- < milli- < nano-
f f f f f f
E) centi- < nano- < kilo- < milli- f f f f f f
ANS: A DIF: Easy
f REF: 1.3
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | measurement | SI unit | prefixes
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
MSC: Conceptual
f f
11. 8.1 kilogram(s) contains this many grams.
f f f f f
A) 8.1 102
f f f f
B) 8.1 103
f f f
C) 81f
D) 0.81
f
E) 8.1 10−3
f f f
ANS: B DIF: Easy
f REF: 1.3
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | measurement | SI unit | massMSC:
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
Conceptual
f
12. Convert 0.3980 m to mm. f f f f
A)
f
B)
C)
D)
E)
ANS: A DIF: Easy
f REF: 1.3
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | measurement | SI unit | prefixes
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
MSC: Conceptual
f f
13. 6.1 seconds contain this many picoseconds.
f f f f f
A) 6.1 1012
f f f f
B) 6.1 10−12
f f f
C) 6.1 10−9
f f f
D) 6.1 109
f f f
E) 6.1 1015
f f f
ANS: A DIF: Easy
f REF: 1.3
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | measurement | SI unit | prefixes
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
MSC: Conceptual
f f
14. 9.49 seconds contain this many nanoseconds.
f f f f f
A) 9.49 107
f f f f
B) 9.49 109
f f f
C) 9.49 1012
f f f
D) 9.49 1010
f f f
E) 9.49 108
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