Chapter 19: Fluid and Electrolyte Balance
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. The fluid inside the cell is called
a. plasma
b. intracellular fluid
c. interstitial fluid
d. both a and b above
ANS: B DIF: Memorization REF: p. 431
OBJ: 1 TOP: Body fluid compartments
2. Extracellular fluid includes
a. plasma and intracellular fluid
b. interstitial and intracellular fluids
c. plasma and interstitial fluid
d. plasma, interstitial fluid, and intracellular fluid
ANS: C DIF: Memorization REF: p. 431
OBJ: 1 TOP: Body fluid compartments
3. The fluid that surrounds the cells is called
a. plasma
b. interstitial fluid
c. intracellular fluid
d. none of the above
ANS: B DIF: Memorization REF: p. 431
OBJ: 1 TOP: Body fluid compartments
4. Which of the following statements is correct?
a. People with more body fat have more body water.
b. Infants have less water per pound than adults.
c. Females have less water per pound than men.
d. Both a and c above.
ANS: C DIF: Application REF: p. 430 OBJ: 1
TOP: Body fluids
5. Which of the following statements is correct?
a. People with less body fat have more body water.
b. Infants have less water per pound than adults.
c. Females have more body water per pound than men.
d. All of the above.
ANS: A DIF: Application REF: p. 430 OBJ: 1
TOP: Body fluids
6. The chief mechanism for maintaining fluid balance is to
a. adjust fluid intake so it equals fluid output
b. adjust fluid intake so it is slightly above fluid output
, c. adjust fluid output so it equals fluid input
d. none of the above
ANS: C DIF: Memorization REF: p. 432
OBJ: 3 TOP: Mechanisms that maintain fluid balance
7. Sources of water intake include
a. the liquids we drink
b. water from the food we eat
c. water from metabolic processes
d. all of the above
ANS: D DIF: Memorization REF: p. 432
OBJ: 2 TOP: Mechanisms that maintain fluid balance
8. The organ that has the greatest effect on fluid output is the
a. kidney
b. lungs
c. skin
d. intestine
ANS: A DIF: Memorization REF: p. 432
OBJ: 3 TOP: Mechanisms that maintain fluid balance
9. The hormone that reduces the amount of water in the body is
a. ADH
b. aldosterone
c. ANH
d. both a and b above
ANS: C DIF: Application REF: p. 433 OBJ: 3
TOP: Mechanisms that maintain fluid balance
10. The hormone that increases the amount of water in the body is
a. ADH
b. aldosterone
c. ANH
d. both a and b above
ANS: D DIF: Application REF: p. 433 OBJ: 3
TOP: Mechanisms that maintain fluid balance
11. When dehydration begins to occur
a. the body reduces fluid output to zero
b. the body increases the release of ANH
c. the salivary secretions decrease
d. all of the above
ANS: C DIF: Memorization REF: p. 433
OBJ: 3 TOP: Mechanisms that maintain fluid balance
12. Electrolytes
a. form when glucose is added to water
, b. dissociate in water solutions
c. form ions in water solutions
d. both b and c above
ANS: D DIF: Memorization REF: p. 435
OBJ: 4 TOP: Importance of electrolytes in body fluids
13. The most abundant positive ion in blood plasma is
a. potassium
b. calcium
c. sodium
d. both potassium and sodium are in equal concentrations
ANS: C DIF: Memorization REF: p. 435
OBJ: 4 TOP: Importance of electrolytes in body fluids
14. The most abundant negative ion in blood plasma is
a. bicarbonate
b. chloride
c. hydroxide
d. phosphate
ANS: B DIF: Memorization REF: p. 435
OBJ: 4 TOP: Importance of electrolytes in body fluids
15. Which electrolyte is important in hemoglobin production?
a. Sodium
b. Iodine
c. Iron
d. Chloride
ANS: C DIF: Memorization REF: p. 435
OBJ: 4 TOP: Importance of electrolytes in body fluids
16. Which electrolyte is important in the formation of the thyroid hormones?
a. Sodium
b. Iodine
c. Iron
d. Chloride
ANS: B DIF: Memorization REF: p. 435
OBJ: 4 TOP: Importance of electrolytes in body fluids
17. In blood plasma
a. the number of positive ions is greater than the number of negative ions
b. the number of positive ions is less than the number of negative ions
c. the number of positive and negative ions are equal
d. there are no electrolytes
ANS: C DIF: Memorization REF: p. 434
OBJ: 4 TOP: Common electrolytes found in blood plasma
18. The most important regulator of the amount of sodium in the body is the
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. The fluid inside the cell is called
a. plasma
b. intracellular fluid
c. interstitial fluid
d. both a and b above
ANS: B DIF: Memorization REF: p. 431
OBJ: 1 TOP: Body fluid compartments
2. Extracellular fluid includes
a. plasma and intracellular fluid
b. interstitial and intracellular fluids
c. plasma and interstitial fluid
d. plasma, interstitial fluid, and intracellular fluid
ANS: C DIF: Memorization REF: p. 431
OBJ: 1 TOP: Body fluid compartments
3. The fluid that surrounds the cells is called
a. plasma
b. interstitial fluid
c. intracellular fluid
d. none of the above
ANS: B DIF: Memorization REF: p. 431
OBJ: 1 TOP: Body fluid compartments
4. Which of the following statements is correct?
a. People with more body fat have more body water.
b. Infants have less water per pound than adults.
c. Females have less water per pound than men.
d. Both a and c above.
ANS: C DIF: Application REF: p. 430 OBJ: 1
TOP: Body fluids
5. Which of the following statements is correct?
a. People with less body fat have more body water.
b. Infants have less water per pound than adults.
c. Females have more body water per pound than men.
d. All of the above.
ANS: A DIF: Application REF: p. 430 OBJ: 1
TOP: Body fluids
6. The chief mechanism for maintaining fluid balance is to
a. adjust fluid intake so it equals fluid output
b. adjust fluid intake so it is slightly above fluid output
, c. adjust fluid output so it equals fluid input
d. none of the above
ANS: C DIF: Memorization REF: p. 432
OBJ: 3 TOP: Mechanisms that maintain fluid balance
7. Sources of water intake include
a. the liquids we drink
b. water from the food we eat
c. water from metabolic processes
d. all of the above
ANS: D DIF: Memorization REF: p. 432
OBJ: 2 TOP: Mechanisms that maintain fluid balance
8. The organ that has the greatest effect on fluid output is the
a. kidney
b. lungs
c. skin
d. intestine
ANS: A DIF: Memorization REF: p. 432
OBJ: 3 TOP: Mechanisms that maintain fluid balance
9. The hormone that reduces the amount of water in the body is
a. ADH
b. aldosterone
c. ANH
d. both a and b above
ANS: C DIF: Application REF: p. 433 OBJ: 3
TOP: Mechanisms that maintain fluid balance
10. The hormone that increases the amount of water in the body is
a. ADH
b. aldosterone
c. ANH
d. both a and b above
ANS: D DIF: Application REF: p. 433 OBJ: 3
TOP: Mechanisms that maintain fluid balance
11. When dehydration begins to occur
a. the body reduces fluid output to zero
b. the body increases the release of ANH
c. the salivary secretions decrease
d. all of the above
ANS: C DIF: Memorization REF: p. 433
OBJ: 3 TOP: Mechanisms that maintain fluid balance
12. Electrolytes
a. form when glucose is added to water
, b. dissociate in water solutions
c. form ions in water solutions
d. both b and c above
ANS: D DIF: Memorization REF: p. 435
OBJ: 4 TOP: Importance of electrolytes in body fluids
13. The most abundant positive ion in blood plasma is
a. potassium
b. calcium
c. sodium
d. both potassium and sodium are in equal concentrations
ANS: C DIF: Memorization REF: p. 435
OBJ: 4 TOP: Importance of electrolytes in body fluids
14. The most abundant negative ion in blood plasma is
a. bicarbonate
b. chloride
c. hydroxide
d. phosphate
ANS: B DIF: Memorization REF: p. 435
OBJ: 4 TOP: Importance of electrolytes in body fluids
15. Which electrolyte is important in hemoglobin production?
a. Sodium
b. Iodine
c. Iron
d. Chloride
ANS: C DIF: Memorization REF: p. 435
OBJ: 4 TOP: Importance of electrolytes in body fluids
16. Which electrolyte is important in the formation of the thyroid hormones?
a. Sodium
b. Iodine
c. Iron
d. Chloride
ANS: B DIF: Memorization REF: p. 435
OBJ: 4 TOP: Importance of electrolytes in body fluids
17. In blood plasma
a. the number of positive ions is greater than the number of negative ions
b. the number of positive ions is less than the number of negative ions
c. the number of positive and negative ions are equal
d. there are no electrolytes
ANS: C DIF: Memorization REF: p. 434
OBJ: 4 TOP: Common electrolytes found in blood plasma
18. The most important regulator of the amount of sodium in the body is the
