BIO 220 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS 2024/2025
Hans and Zacharias Janssen
Invented the first compound microscope
Robert Hooke
first to observe "small chambers" in cork and call them cells.
Anton van Leeuwenhoek
Built advanced microscopes, observed bacteria and protozoa, termed "animalcules"
Francesco Redi
disproved spontaneous generation with sealed vs unsealed meat expeiriments
Edward Jenner
Administered the first vaccination using cowpox to prevent smallpox
Ignaz Semmelweis
advocated hand washing to prevent transmission of puerperal fever from one OB patient to another
Rudolf Virchow
Proposed the Biogenesis Theory, contributing to Cell Theory
Louis Pasteur
Disproved spontaneous generation, developed the Germ Theory, pasteurization, and vaccines for cholera
and rabies
Robert Koch
Formulated Koch's Postulates, linking specific bacteria to specific diseases
Paul Ehrlich
Developed Salvarsan, the first chemotherapy drug for syphilis
Alexander Fleming
discovered penicillin
Barbra McClintock
Discovered transposons, or "jumping genes"
Rosalind Franklin
Woman who generated x-ray images of DNA, she provided Watson and Crick with key data about DNA
Luc Montagnier
Discovered HIV as the cause of aids
Bacteriology
, The study of bacteria, including their growth, pathogenicity, and treatment.
Mycology
study of fungi and molds, including medical, agricultural, ecological.
Parasitology
study of protozoans and parasites. Some are medically important and cause disease
Genomics
study of bacterial genome, the entire DNA sequence, and computer analysis of genetic data.Also called
bioinformatics
Epigenomics
study of the genome shape is effected by chemicals and environmental factors. The shape ofthe genome
determines which genes are expressed
Immunology
study of the immune system & how it responds to disease, infection, hypersensitivity, cancer.
Virology
study of viruses, infection, disease
molecular biology
study of one specific gene of microorganisms and the manipulation of this gene.Includes genetic
engineering and recombinant molecular biology
Food and Dairy Microbiology
studies and maintains the safety of our foods. Traces the outbreaks of foodcontamination and food
poisoning
Public Health Microbiology
follows the outbreak of diseases in the public. Traces the source of outbreaks,issues public health
warnings
Environmental Microbiology
includes soil and water microbiology. Includes maintaining water qualityand water safety. Discovers new
microorganisms in soil that produce antibiotics, enzymes for degrading oilspills, pollution, radioactive
wastes, etc.
The first name of the organism is
the genus
the second name of the oganisim is
the species
Genus is always....
capitalized
what are key characteristics of prokaryotic cells
no true nucleus, nucleoid region. NO membrane-bound organelles, usually have a cell wall, are simple
single-celled organisms, and reproduce by binary fission.
SOLUTIONS 2024/2025
Hans and Zacharias Janssen
Invented the first compound microscope
Robert Hooke
first to observe "small chambers" in cork and call them cells.
Anton van Leeuwenhoek
Built advanced microscopes, observed bacteria and protozoa, termed "animalcules"
Francesco Redi
disproved spontaneous generation with sealed vs unsealed meat expeiriments
Edward Jenner
Administered the first vaccination using cowpox to prevent smallpox
Ignaz Semmelweis
advocated hand washing to prevent transmission of puerperal fever from one OB patient to another
Rudolf Virchow
Proposed the Biogenesis Theory, contributing to Cell Theory
Louis Pasteur
Disproved spontaneous generation, developed the Germ Theory, pasteurization, and vaccines for cholera
and rabies
Robert Koch
Formulated Koch's Postulates, linking specific bacteria to specific diseases
Paul Ehrlich
Developed Salvarsan, the first chemotherapy drug for syphilis
Alexander Fleming
discovered penicillin
Barbra McClintock
Discovered transposons, or "jumping genes"
Rosalind Franklin
Woman who generated x-ray images of DNA, she provided Watson and Crick with key data about DNA
Luc Montagnier
Discovered HIV as the cause of aids
Bacteriology
, The study of bacteria, including their growth, pathogenicity, and treatment.
Mycology
study of fungi and molds, including medical, agricultural, ecological.
Parasitology
study of protozoans and parasites. Some are medically important and cause disease
Genomics
study of bacterial genome, the entire DNA sequence, and computer analysis of genetic data.Also called
bioinformatics
Epigenomics
study of the genome shape is effected by chemicals and environmental factors. The shape ofthe genome
determines which genes are expressed
Immunology
study of the immune system & how it responds to disease, infection, hypersensitivity, cancer.
Virology
study of viruses, infection, disease
molecular biology
study of one specific gene of microorganisms and the manipulation of this gene.Includes genetic
engineering and recombinant molecular biology
Food and Dairy Microbiology
studies and maintains the safety of our foods. Traces the outbreaks of foodcontamination and food
poisoning
Public Health Microbiology
follows the outbreak of diseases in the public. Traces the source of outbreaks,issues public health
warnings
Environmental Microbiology
includes soil and water microbiology. Includes maintaining water qualityand water safety. Discovers new
microorganisms in soil that produce antibiotics, enzymes for degrading oilspills, pollution, radioactive
wastes, etc.
The first name of the organism is
the genus
the second name of the oganisim is
the species
Genus is always....
capitalized
what are key characteristics of prokaryotic cells
no true nucleus, nucleoid region. NO membrane-bound organelles, usually have a cell wall, are simple
single-celled organisms, and reproduce by binary fission.
