TEST BANK
PEDIATRIC6NURSING-6A6CASE-
BASED6APPROACH6
2ND6EDITION6BY6TAGHER6KNAPP
6CHAPTERS616-6346|6ALL6CHAPTERS
,Pediatric Nursing- A Case-Based Approach
, Pediatric Nursing- A Case-Based Approach
Chapter61:6 Bronchiolitis
1. Which6intervention6is6appropriate6for6the6infant6hospitalized6with6bronchiolitis?
a. Position6on6the6side6with6neck6slightly6flexed.
b. Administer6antibiotics6as6ordered.
c. Restrict6oral6and6parenteral6fluids6if6tachypneic.
d. Give6cool,6humidified6oxyge
n.6ANSWER:6D
Cool,6humidified6oxygen6is6given6to6relieve6dyspnea,6hypoxemia,6and6insensible6fluid6loss6from
tachypnea.6The6infant6should6be6positioned6with6the6head6and6chest6elevated6at6a630-
6to640-
degree6angle6and6the6neck6slightly6extended6to6maintain6an6open6airway6and6decrease6pr
essure6on6the6diaphragm.6The6etiology6of6bronchiolitis6is6viral.6Antibiotics6are6given6only
6if6there6is6a6secondary6bacterial6infection.6Tachypnea6increases6insensible6fluid6loss.6If6t
he6infant6is6tachypneic,6fluids6are6given6parenterally6to6prevent6dehydration.
2. An6infant6with6bronchiolitis6is6hospitalized.6The6causative6organism6is6respiratory6sy
ncytial6virus6(RSV).6The6nurse6knows6that6a6child6infected6with6this6virus6requires6w
hat6type6of6isolation?
a. Reverse6isolation
b. Airborne6isolation
c. Contact6Precautions
d. Standard6Precaution
s6ANSWER:6C
RSV6is6transmitted6through6droplets.6In6addition6to6Standard6Precautions6and6hand6washin
g,6Contact6Precautions6are6required.6Caregivers6must6use6gloves6and6gowns6when6enterin
g6the
room.6Care6is6taken6not6to6touch6their6own6eyes6or6mucous6membranes6with6a6contamin
ated6gloved6hand.6Children6are6placed6in6a6private6room6or6in6a6room6with6other6childre
n6with6RSV6infections.6Reverse6isolation6focuses6on6keeping6bacteria6away6from6the6infa
nt.6With6RSV,6other6children6need6to6be6protected6from6exposure6to6the6virus.6The6virus
6is6not6airborne.
3. A6child6has6a6chronic6cough6and6diffuse6wheezing6during6the6expiratory6phase6of6res
piration.6This6suggests6what6condition?
a. Asthma
b. Pneumonia
c. Bronchiolitis
d. Foreign6body6in6trach
, Pediatric Nursing- A Case-Based Approach
ea6ANSWER:6A
Asthma6may6have6these6chronic6signs6and6symptoms.6Pneumonia6appears6with6an6acute6onset,
fever,6and6general6malaise.6Bronchiolitis6is6an6acute6condition6caused6by6respiratory6syncytial