Schmalleger's "Criminal Justice: A Brief
Introduction"- Chapter 9 ACTUAL
Questions and CORRECT Answers
sentencing - CORRECT ANSWER - the imposition of a criminal sanction by a judicial
authority
retribution - CORRECT ANSWER - the act of taking revenge on a criminal perpetrator
just desserts - CORRECT ANSWER - a model of criminal sentencing that holds that
criminal offenders deserve the punishment they receive at the hands of the law and that
punishments should be appropriate to the type and severity of the crime committed
incapacitation - CORRECT ANSWER - the use of imprisonment or other means to reduce
the likelihood that an offender will commit future offenses
deterrence - CORRECT ANSWER - a goal of criminal sentencing that seeks to inhibit
criminal behavior through the fear of punishment
specific deterrence - CORRECT ANSWER - a goal of criminal sentencing that seeks to
prevent a particular offender from engaging in repeat criminality
general deterrence - CORRECT ANSWER - a goal of criminal sentencing that seeks to
prevent others from committing crimes similar to the one for which a particular offender is being
sentenced by making an example of the person sentenced
rehabilitation - CORRECT ANSWER - the attempt to reform a criminal offender. Also,
the state in which a reformed offender is said to be
restoration - CORRECT ANSWER - a goal of criminal sentencing that attempts to make
the victim "whole again"
, restorative justice (RJ) - CORRECT ANSWER - a sentencing model that builds on
restitution and community participation in an attempt to make the victim "whole again"
indeterminate sentencing - CORRECT ANSWER - a model of criminal punishment that
encourages rehabilitation through the use of general and relatively unspecific sentences (such as
a term of imprisonment of from one to ten years)
consecutive sentences - CORRECT ANSWER - one of two or more sentences imposed at
the same time, after conviction for more than one offense, and served in sequence with the other
sentence. Also, a new sentence for a new conviction, imposed upon a person already under
sentence for a previous offense, which is added to the previous sentence, thus increasing the
maximum time the offender may be confined or under supervision
concurrent sentence - CORRECT ANSWER - one of two or more sentences imposed at
the same time, after conviction for more than one offense, and served at the same time. Also, a
new sentence for a new conviction, imposed upon a person already under sentence for a previous
offense, which is served at the same time as the previous sentence
gain time - CORRECT ANSWER - the amount of time deducted from time to be served in
prison on a given sentence as a result of participation in special projects or programs
good time - CORRECT ANSWER - the amount of time deducted from time to be served
in prison on a given sentence as a result of good behavior
proportionality - CORRECT ANSWER - a sentencing principle that holds that the severity
of sanctions should bear a direct relationship to the seriousness of the crime committed
equity - CORRECT ANSWER - a sentencing principle, based on concerns with social
equality, that holds that similar crimes should be punished with the same degree of severity,
regardless of the social or personal characteristics of the offenders
Introduction"- Chapter 9 ACTUAL
Questions and CORRECT Answers
sentencing - CORRECT ANSWER - the imposition of a criminal sanction by a judicial
authority
retribution - CORRECT ANSWER - the act of taking revenge on a criminal perpetrator
just desserts - CORRECT ANSWER - a model of criminal sentencing that holds that
criminal offenders deserve the punishment they receive at the hands of the law and that
punishments should be appropriate to the type and severity of the crime committed
incapacitation - CORRECT ANSWER - the use of imprisonment or other means to reduce
the likelihood that an offender will commit future offenses
deterrence - CORRECT ANSWER - a goal of criminal sentencing that seeks to inhibit
criminal behavior through the fear of punishment
specific deterrence - CORRECT ANSWER - a goal of criminal sentencing that seeks to
prevent a particular offender from engaging in repeat criminality
general deterrence - CORRECT ANSWER - a goal of criminal sentencing that seeks to
prevent others from committing crimes similar to the one for which a particular offender is being
sentenced by making an example of the person sentenced
rehabilitation - CORRECT ANSWER - the attempt to reform a criminal offender. Also,
the state in which a reformed offender is said to be
restoration - CORRECT ANSWER - a goal of criminal sentencing that attempts to make
the victim "whole again"
, restorative justice (RJ) - CORRECT ANSWER - a sentencing model that builds on
restitution and community participation in an attempt to make the victim "whole again"
indeterminate sentencing - CORRECT ANSWER - a model of criminal punishment that
encourages rehabilitation through the use of general and relatively unspecific sentences (such as
a term of imprisonment of from one to ten years)
consecutive sentences - CORRECT ANSWER - one of two or more sentences imposed at
the same time, after conviction for more than one offense, and served in sequence with the other
sentence. Also, a new sentence for a new conviction, imposed upon a person already under
sentence for a previous offense, which is added to the previous sentence, thus increasing the
maximum time the offender may be confined or under supervision
concurrent sentence - CORRECT ANSWER - one of two or more sentences imposed at
the same time, after conviction for more than one offense, and served at the same time. Also, a
new sentence for a new conviction, imposed upon a person already under sentence for a previous
offense, which is served at the same time as the previous sentence
gain time - CORRECT ANSWER - the amount of time deducted from time to be served in
prison on a given sentence as a result of participation in special projects or programs
good time - CORRECT ANSWER - the amount of time deducted from time to be served
in prison on a given sentence as a result of good behavior
proportionality - CORRECT ANSWER - a sentencing principle that holds that the severity
of sanctions should bear a direct relationship to the seriousness of the crime committed
equity - CORRECT ANSWER - a sentencing principle, based on concerns with social
equality, that holds that similar crimes should be punished with the same degree of severity,
regardless of the social or personal characteristics of the offenders
