UTA Microbiology Exam 1 (Ch 1, 2, 3,
7)/63 Questions with Answers
Miasma Theory - -Theory that bad air caused illness.
- Leprosy in the Bible - -practice of quarantining people with leprosy
suggesting that people understood that dz's could be communicable.
Leprosy is communicable, it is also a dz that progresses slowly meaning that
people were likely quarantined after they had already spread the dz to
others.
- Roman Sewage System - -Built aqueducts which brought fresh water into
the city, and a giant sewer "Cloaca Maxima" which carried waste away into
the river Tiber.
Researchers believe that this infrastructure helped protect Romans from
epidemics of waterborne illnesses.
- Hippocrates (460-377 BC) - -"FATHER OF WESTERN MEDICINE"
Dz is not caused by the supernatural.
Hippocratic Corpus & Oath (To be a healer #1 job is to take care of that
patient w/o harming them)
- Thucydides (460-395 BC) - -FATHER OF SCIENTIFIC HISTORY (To keep
records of), advocated for evidence-based analysis of cause and effect
reasoning, studied Athenian plague and discovered immunity
Immunity: People who sick and didn't die did not get sick again.
- Marcus Terentius Varro (116-27 BC) - -Proposed that disease could be
caused by "certain minute animals/creatures... which cannot be seen by the
eye."
*He was roman*
- Antonie van Leeuwenhoek (1632-1723) - -"FATHER OF MICROBIOLOGY"
Dutch cloth merchant, was the first to develop a lens powerful enough to
view microbes. Observed single-celled organisms "animalcules" from rain
water.
- Louis Pasteur (1822-1895) - -Fermentation, pasteurization (to be able to
last longer), and spoilage by microbes.
, Vaccines e.g. Rabies
- Robert Koch (1843-1910) - -Established method for connecting pathogen
with specific dz; Koch's postulates.
helped discover: anthrax, cholera, tuberculosis
- Carolus Linnaeus (1707-1778) *Taxonomy - -Developed a new way to
categorize plants and animals. Systema Naturae, KPCOFGS
- Ernst Haekel (1834-1919) *Taxonomy - -Proposed four kingdoms (Animals,
Plants, PROTISTS, MONERA)
wrote General Morphology of Organisms proposing four kingdoms.
- Robert Whittaker (1920-1980) *Taxonomy - -Proposed adding a fifth
kingdom (Fungi)
- Carl Woese (1928-1912) & George Fox (1945-) *Taxonomy - -Molecular
Techniques (rRNA) and three domains (Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya)
- Microbial Classification - -Difficulties in classifying microbes
Strains of species
- all same species but phenotypically a little different ex: E Coli pathogenic
strain 0157:H7)
Bergey's Manuals
- Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology
- Manual of Systematic Bacteriology
Binomial nomenclature
- 2 word system that names organisms based on genus and species ex:
Homo sapiens -> H. sapiens
- Characteristics and Types of Microbes - -Cellular v. Acellular
-Acellular prions & viruses not in the tree of life
Prokaryotic v. Eukaryotic
-Prokaryotic (Bacteria & Archaea)
-Eukaryotic (Algae, Protozoa, Fungi, Helminths)
Common Shapes
- Coccus, Bacillus, Vibrio (Curved bacilli), Coccobacillus (Oval), Spirillum
(Spiral), Spirochete (Helix shaped)
Identifying or Unique Features
7)/63 Questions with Answers
Miasma Theory - -Theory that bad air caused illness.
- Leprosy in the Bible - -practice of quarantining people with leprosy
suggesting that people understood that dz's could be communicable.
Leprosy is communicable, it is also a dz that progresses slowly meaning that
people were likely quarantined after they had already spread the dz to
others.
- Roman Sewage System - -Built aqueducts which brought fresh water into
the city, and a giant sewer "Cloaca Maxima" which carried waste away into
the river Tiber.
Researchers believe that this infrastructure helped protect Romans from
epidemics of waterborne illnesses.
- Hippocrates (460-377 BC) - -"FATHER OF WESTERN MEDICINE"
Dz is not caused by the supernatural.
Hippocratic Corpus & Oath (To be a healer #1 job is to take care of that
patient w/o harming them)
- Thucydides (460-395 BC) - -FATHER OF SCIENTIFIC HISTORY (To keep
records of), advocated for evidence-based analysis of cause and effect
reasoning, studied Athenian plague and discovered immunity
Immunity: People who sick and didn't die did not get sick again.
- Marcus Terentius Varro (116-27 BC) - -Proposed that disease could be
caused by "certain minute animals/creatures... which cannot be seen by the
eye."
*He was roman*
- Antonie van Leeuwenhoek (1632-1723) - -"FATHER OF MICROBIOLOGY"
Dutch cloth merchant, was the first to develop a lens powerful enough to
view microbes. Observed single-celled organisms "animalcules" from rain
water.
- Louis Pasteur (1822-1895) - -Fermentation, pasteurization (to be able to
last longer), and spoilage by microbes.
, Vaccines e.g. Rabies
- Robert Koch (1843-1910) - -Established method for connecting pathogen
with specific dz; Koch's postulates.
helped discover: anthrax, cholera, tuberculosis
- Carolus Linnaeus (1707-1778) *Taxonomy - -Developed a new way to
categorize plants and animals. Systema Naturae, KPCOFGS
- Ernst Haekel (1834-1919) *Taxonomy - -Proposed four kingdoms (Animals,
Plants, PROTISTS, MONERA)
wrote General Morphology of Organisms proposing four kingdoms.
- Robert Whittaker (1920-1980) *Taxonomy - -Proposed adding a fifth
kingdom (Fungi)
- Carl Woese (1928-1912) & George Fox (1945-) *Taxonomy - -Molecular
Techniques (rRNA) and three domains (Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya)
- Microbial Classification - -Difficulties in classifying microbes
Strains of species
- all same species but phenotypically a little different ex: E Coli pathogenic
strain 0157:H7)
Bergey's Manuals
- Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology
- Manual of Systematic Bacteriology
Binomial nomenclature
- 2 word system that names organisms based on genus and species ex:
Homo sapiens -> H. sapiens
- Characteristics and Types of Microbes - -Cellular v. Acellular
-Acellular prions & viruses not in the tree of life
Prokaryotic v. Eukaryotic
-Prokaryotic (Bacteria & Archaea)
-Eukaryotic (Algae, Protozoa, Fungi, Helminths)
Common Shapes
- Coccus, Bacillus, Vibrio (Curved bacilli), Coccobacillus (Oval), Spirillum
(Spiral), Spirochete (Helix shaped)
Identifying or Unique Features
