UTA Microbiology: Test 1 (Ch. 1-3)
What structure is present in most microbes conferring structural strength - -
Cell wall
- In some microbes, synthesis of new substances or structures which modify
the cell is a process known as - -Differentiation
- Giving and receiving chemical signals in some microbes is known as what -
-Communication
- Genetic changes in a cell that are transferred to offspring is called - -
Evolution
- what three things are properties of ALL cells - -compartmentalization and
metabolism, growth, evolution
- what three things are properties of SOME cells - -motility, differentiation,
communication
- A type of protein which accelerates chemical reactions is called - -An
Enzyme
- transcription - -DNA to RNA
- translation - -RNA to Proteins
- The common ancestral cell from which all cells descended, including
Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya, is known as - -LUCA (Last universal common
ancestor)
- Pathogen - -disease-causing microorganism
- Microbes cleaning up pollutants is a process know as - -Bioremediation
- Who was the first to describe micro organisms and illustrate the fruiting
structures of molds - -Robert Hook
- The first person to see and describe bacteria using a simple, homemade,
microscope was - -Antoni van Leewenhoek
- Who founded the field of bacterial classification and discovered
endoscopes - -Ferdinand Cohn
, - Who discovered that alcoholic fermentation was biologically mediated
(originally thought to be purely chemical), Disproved spontaneous
generation, developed method for controlling the growth of microorganisms
(aseptic technique), Discovered pasteurization, Developed vaccines for
anthrax, cholera, and rabies - -Louis Pasteur
- Who showed a link between microbes and infection, identified what causes
anthrax and tuberculosis, and discovered that solid media was a simple way
of obtaining pure cultures - -Robert Koch
- What field of Microbiology focuses on the nonmedical aspects (often in soil
and water) - -Microbial diversity
- Who developed the enrichment culture technique where microbes are
isolated from natural samples in a highly semective way by manipulating
nutrients and conditions (ex: nitrogen fixing bacteria) - -Martinus Beijerinck
- Who not only proposed the concept of chemolithotrophy, but also
demonstrated that specific bacteria are linked to specific biogeochemical
transformations - -Sergei Winogradsky
- This field of Microbiology is problem solving oriented and directly affects
the quality of human life in both detrimental and beneficial ways - -Applied
microbiology
- The science of the nomenclature and classification of microorganisms - -
Microbiology systematics
- The study of the nutritional requirements of microorganisms for
metabolism and growth
Microbial physiology - -Microbial physiology
- The study of nucleic acids and proteins - -Molecular biology
- Study of heredity and variation in bacteria - -Microbial genetics
- microbial ecology - -Study of microbial diversity and activity in natural
habitats (biogeochemistry)
- Microscope used to examine cells at relatively low magnification - -Light
microscope
- electron microscope - -used to look at cells and cell structures at very high
magnification
What structure is present in most microbes conferring structural strength - -
Cell wall
- In some microbes, synthesis of new substances or structures which modify
the cell is a process known as - -Differentiation
- Giving and receiving chemical signals in some microbes is known as what -
-Communication
- Genetic changes in a cell that are transferred to offspring is called - -
Evolution
- what three things are properties of ALL cells - -compartmentalization and
metabolism, growth, evolution
- what three things are properties of SOME cells - -motility, differentiation,
communication
- A type of protein which accelerates chemical reactions is called - -An
Enzyme
- transcription - -DNA to RNA
- translation - -RNA to Proteins
- The common ancestral cell from which all cells descended, including
Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya, is known as - -LUCA (Last universal common
ancestor)
- Pathogen - -disease-causing microorganism
- Microbes cleaning up pollutants is a process know as - -Bioremediation
- Who was the first to describe micro organisms and illustrate the fruiting
structures of molds - -Robert Hook
- The first person to see and describe bacteria using a simple, homemade,
microscope was - -Antoni van Leewenhoek
- Who founded the field of bacterial classification and discovered
endoscopes - -Ferdinand Cohn
, - Who discovered that alcoholic fermentation was biologically mediated
(originally thought to be purely chemical), Disproved spontaneous
generation, developed method for controlling the growth of microorganisms
(aseptic technique), Discovered pasteurization, Developed vaccines for
anthrax, cholera, and rabies - -Louis Pasteur
- Who showed a link between microbes and infection, identified what causes
anthrax and tuberculosis, and discovered that solid media was a simple way
of obtaining pure cultures - -Robert Koch
- What field of Microbiology focuses on the nonmedical aspects (often in soil
and water) - -Microbial diversity
- Who developed the enrichment culture technique where microbes are
isolated from natural samples in a highly semective way by manipulating
nutrients and conditions (ex: nitrogen fixing bacteria) - -Martinus Beijerinck
- Who not only proposed the concept of chemolithotrophy, but also
demonstrated that specific bacteria are linked to specific biogeochemical
transformations - -Sergei Winogradsky
- This field of Microbiology is problem solving oriented and directly affects
the quality of human life in both detrimental and beneficial ways - -Applied
microbiology
- The science of the nomenclature and classification of microorganisms - -
Microbiology systematics
- The study of the nutritional requirements of microorganisms for
metabolism and growth
Microbial physiology - -Microbial physiology
- The study of nucleic acids and proteins - -Molecular biology
- Study of heredity and variation in bacteria - -Microbial genetics
- microbial ecology - -Study of microbial diversity and activity in natural
habitats (biogeochemistry)
- Microscope used to examine cells at relatively low magnification - -Light
microscope
- electron microscope - -used to look at cells and cell structures at very high
magnification
