Scripting and Programming Foundations -
D278 Exam/65 Questions and Answers
Program - -Instructions executing one at a time.
- Computational Thinking - -Creating a sequence of instructions to solve a
problem.
- Algorithm - -A sequence of instructions that solves a problem.
- Flowchart - -A graphical language for creating computer programs.
- String Literal - -Text in double quotes.
- Comment - -A text a programmer adds to a program, to be read by
humans to better understand the code. It is ignored by the program.
- Whitespace - -Any space, tab, or newline.
- Moore's Law - -The observation that computing power roughly doubles
every two years.
- Embedded Computer - -A specially designed computer chip that resides
inside another device, such as a car. These self-contained computer devices
have their own programming and typically neither receive input from users
nor interact with other systems.
- Bit - -A single binary digit: 1 or 0
- Byte - -8 bits
- ASCII - -American Standard Code for Information Interchange
- Unicode - -A symbol that enables most of the languages in the world to be
symbolized with a special character identification.
- Decimal Numbers - -Base ten numbers
- Binary Numbers - -Number system with a base of 2.
- Variable - -A named item.
- Assignment Statement - -An instruction that assigns a value to something.
, - Variable Declaration - -Declares a new variable, specifying the variable's
name and type.
- Identifier - -A name created by a programmer for an item like a variable or
method. Must be a sequence of letters, underscores and digits and must
start with a letter.
- Naming Conventions - -A set of style guidelines defined by a company,
team, teacher, etc., for naming variables.
- Literal - -a specific value in code, like 2.
- Incremental Development - -the process of writing, compiling, and testing
a small amount of code, then writing, compiling, and testing a small amount
more, and so on.
- Implicit Conversion - -An automatic conversion between data types.
- Type Cast - -Converts a value of one type to another type.
- Modulo Operator (%) - -Evaluates the remainder of the division of two
integer operands.
- Branch - -A sequence of statements only executed under a certain
condition.
- Relational Operator - -Checks how one operand's value relates to another.
- Loop - -A program construct that repeatedly executes the statements while
the expression is true.
- Sentinel Value - -A special value indicating the end of a list.
- While Loop - -A loop that repeatedly executes the loop body _____ the
loop's expression evaluates to true.
- For Loop - -A loop consisting of an initialization variable, loop expression,
and a loop variable update.
- Nested Loop - -A loop that appears in the body of another loop.
- Do-While Loop - -Loop that first executes the loop body's statements, then
checks the loop condition.
- Array - -A special variable having one name, but storing a list of data
items, with each item being directly accessible.
D278 Exam/65 Questions and Answers
Program - -Instructions executing one at a time.
- Computational Thinking - -Creating a sequence of instructions to solve a
problem.
- Algorithm - -A sequence of instructions that solves a problem.
- Flowchart - -A graphical language for creating computer programs.
- String Literal - -Text in double quotes.
- Comment - -A text a programmer adds to a program, to be read by
humans to better understand the code. It is ignored by the program.
- Whitespace - -Any space, tab, or newline.
- Moore's Law - -The observation that computing power roughly doubles
every two years.
- Embedded Computer - -A specially designed computer chip that resides
inside another device, such as a car. These self-contained computer devices
have their own programming and typically neither receive input from users
nor interact with other systems.
- Bit - -A single binary digit: 1 or 0
- Byte - -8 bits
- ASCII - -American Standard Code for Information Interchange
- Unicode - -A symbol that enables most of the languages in the world to be
symbolized with a special character identification.
- Decimal Numbers - -Base ten numbers
- Binary Numbers - -Number system with a base of 2.
- Variable - -A named item.
- Assignment Statement - -An instruction that assigns a value to something.
, - Variable Declaration - -Declares a new variable, specifying the variable's
name and type.
- Identifier - -A name created by a programmer for an item like a variable or
method. Must be a sequence of letters, underscores and digits and must
start with a letter.
- Naming Conventions - -A set of style guidelines defined by a company,
team, teacher, etc., for naming variables.
- Literal - -a specific value in code, like 2.
- Incremental Development - -the process of writing, compiling, and testing
a small amount of code, then writing, compiling, and testing a small amount
more, and so on.
- Implicit Conversion - -An automatic conversion between data types.
- Type Cast - -Converts a value of one type to another type.
- Modulo Operator (%) - -Evaluates the remainder of the division of two
integer operands.
- Branch - -A sequence of statements only executed under a certain
condition.
- Relational Operator - -Checks how one operand's value relates to another.
- Loop - -A program construct that repeatedly executes the statements while
the expression is true.
- Sentinel Value - -A special value indicating the end of a list.
- While Loop - -A loop that repeatedly executes the loop body _____ the
loop's expression evaluates to true.
- For Loop - -A loop consisting of an initialization variable, loop expression,
and a loop variable update.
- Nested Loop - -A loop that appears in the body of another loop.
- Do-While Loop - -Loop that first executes the loop body's statements, then
checks the loop condition.
- Array - -A special variable having one name, but storing a list of data
items, with each item being directly accessible.
