Questions and Answers 100% Pass
Acute Effects - ✔✔Resulting from a single dose or exposure to a material. Signs and symptoms may be
immediate or may not be evident for 24 to 72 hours after the exposure.
Acute Exposures - ✔✔An immediate exposure such as a single dose that might occur during an
emergency response.
Alcohol Resistant AFFF (ARC) - ✔✔Class B firefighting foams available at 3% hydrocarbon/3% polar
solvent (known as 3 x 3 concentrates) or 3% hydrocarbon/6% polar solvent (known as 3 x 6 concentrates).
When applied to a polar solvent fuel, they will often create a polymeric membrane rather than a film over
the fuel.
Alpha Particles - ✔✔A type of ionizing radiation. Largest of the common radioactive particles, they have
an extremely limited penetrating power. They travel only 3 to 4 inches in air and can be stopped by a
sheet of paper or a layer of human skin.
Aqueous Film Forming Foam (AFFF) - ✔✔Synthetic Class B firefighting foam consisting of
fluorochemical and hydrocarbon surfactants combined with high boiling point solvents and water. Film
formation is dependent on the difference in surface tension between the fuel and the firefighting foam.
Area of Refuge - ✔✔Area within the Hot Zone where exposed or contaminated personnel are protected
from further contact and/or exposure. This is a "holding area" where personnel are controlled until they
can be safely decontaminated, treated, or removed.
Association of American Railroads (AAR) - ✔✔Professional trade association that coordinates technical
information and research within the United States railroad industry.
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