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Samenvatting Zindelijkheid KBK

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Samenvatting Zindelijkheid KBK Hoofdstukken: 1. Zindelijkheid 2. Blaas- & darmdysfuncies bij typisch ontwikkelende kinderen 3. Neurological bladder bowel problems in childeren

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Kinesitherapie bij kinderen
KINESITHERAPIE BIJ KINDEREN...............................................................................1
ZINDELIJKHEID............................................................................................................................. 2
1. Zindelijkheid.................................................................................................................... 2
Definitie.......................................................................................................................................... 2
Voorwaarden zindelijkheid............................................................................................................... 3
1. Normale anatomie en functie van de urinewegen...................................................................3
2. Normale uitrijping van het zenuwstelsel.................................................................................. 3
3. Controle bekkenbodemspieren................................................................................................ 4
4. coördinatie tussen M. detrusor en EUS (externe urethrale sfincter).........................................4
Zindelijkheidsproces voor stoelgang............................................................................................... 4
Voorwaarden:.............................................................................................................................. 5
1. Normale colon transit tijd.................................................................................................... 5
2. Normale anorectale sensatie.............................................................................................. 5
3. voldoende kracht om te ‘persen als voor stoelgang’...........................................................5
4. goede coördinatie BBS........................................................................................................ 5
5. normale gastrocolische reflex............................................................................................. 5
2. Blaas- & darmdysfuncies bij typisch ontwikkelende kinderen..........................................6
2.1. Functiestoornissen van de lagere urinewegen “LUTS”..............................................................6
Vullingsstoornissen..................................................................................................................... 6
Toe- of afgenomen mictiefrequentie........................................................................................ 6
Incontinentie........................................................................................................................... 7
Urgentie.................................................................................................................................. 8
Nycturie.................................................................................................................................. 8
Ledigingsstoornissen................................................................................................................... 8
Hesistancy.............................................................................................................................. 8
Straining................................................................................................................................. 8
Zwakke straal......................................................................................................................... 8
intermittentie.......................................................................................................................... 8
Dysurie................................................................................................................................... 9
Andere........................................................................................................................................ 9
Ophoudmaneuvers................................................................................................................. 9
Onvolledig ledigen.................................................................................................................. 9
Urinaire retentie...................................................................................................................... 9
Nadruppelen........................................................................................................................... 9
Sproeistaal.............................................................................................................................. 9
LUT-dysfunties............................................................................................................................. 9
Bladder bowel dysfunctions (BBD)........................................................................................ 10
Overactieve bladder (OAB)................................................................................................... 10
Voiding postponement.......................................................................................................... 10
Underactive bladder............................................................................................................. 10
Dysfunctional voiding........................................................................................................... 11
Bladder outlet obstruction.................................................................................................... 11
Stress incontinentie.............................................................................................................. 11
Vaginale reflux...................................................................................................................... 11
Giggle incontinentie.............................................................................................................. 12
Bladder neck dysfunction...................................................................................................... 12
Flow curves............................................................................................................................... 12
2.2. Enuresis nocturna.................................................................................................................. 12
Verschil tussen monosympatisch / non-monosymptomatisch enuresis......................................13
pathogenese............................................................................................................................. 13
1. verminderde blaascapaciteit............................................................................................. 13
2. verhoogde nachtelijke urineproductie............................................................................... 13
3. stoornis in arousal............................................................................................................. 14
2.3. Functionele constipatie.......................................................................................................... 14
Prevalentie................................................................................................................................ 14
Subtypes................................................................................................................................... 15
Klinische presentatie................................................................................................................. 15
Definitie Functionele constipatie (FC).................................................................................... 15
Pathofysiologie.......................................................................................................................... 15
GENETISCHE FACTOREN........................................................................................................ 15
PSYCHOLOGISCHE FACTOREN............................................................................................... 16
LIFESTYLE FACTORS.............................................................................................................. 16
 (Functional) Fecal incontinence................................................................................................ 17

1

, 3. Neurological bladder bowel problems in childeren.........................................................18
Innervatie blaas............................................................................................................................ 18
Denervatie Blaas........................................................................................................................... 19
CP................................................................................................................................................. 20
NLUTD: overactieve blaas......................................................................................................... 20
Neurogenic bowel dysfunction.................................................................................................. 21
Prognostische factoren.............................................................................................................. 21
SB................................................................................................................................................. 22
NLUTD: Onderactieve blaas....................................................................................................... 22
Constipatie................................................................................................................................ 22
Fecale incontinentie.................................................................................................................. 22
Behandeling BBD bij neurologische aandoeningen........................................................................ 23
Spierdystrofie duchenne (DMD)..................................................................................................... 24
Overactieve blaas..................................................................................................................... 24
Constipatie................................................................................................................................ 25
Pathophysiology of BBD?........................................................................................................... 25
SMA (spinale musculaire atrofie)................................................................................................... 25
Behandeling BBD bij neuromusculaire aandoeningen................................................................... 25




Zindelijkheid

1. Zindelijkheid
Definitie
 Ondergoed dragen tijdens de dag = luier-onafhankelijk
o => onderbroekje droog houden

2

,  Zelf de drang aangeven of zelfstandig naar het potje/toilet gaan
o Het aangeven van plasdrang is vaak niet verbaal maar met
lichaamstaal (het grijpen naar de genitaalstreek, schuifelen, …)
 Zonder herinnering van ouders of opvoeders dat het kind moet gaan
plassen
 Gecontroleerd ophouden, uitstellen & plassen op een sociaal
aanvaardbare plaats
 Ongelukjes <4x/week, max 1/dag, sporadisch
 = eigen verantwoordelijkheid voor zijn/haar plasdrang
 Zelfstandig

Voorwaarden zindelijkheid
1. Normale anatomie en functie van de urinewegen
 hoe uitleggen aan kinderen:
o in de fabriekjes (nieren) wordt de plas aangemaakt
o dat vult de ballon, en als de ballon te groot wordt openen de
deurtjes en
o kan de ballon terug kleiner worden




 Hoe ouder, hoe groter




 EBC = expected bladder capacity
o = verwachte blaascapaciteit ifv leeftijd




2. Normale uitrijping van het zenuwstelsel
 zal ervoor zorgen dat de blaas normaal gaat vullen
3
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