Cognitive- Chapter 13 Exam Questions with Verified Answers Latest Update 2024 (Rated A+)
1. If you are given the information that in order to vote in a presidential election, you must be at least 18
years of age, and that Will voted in the last presidential election, you can logically conclude that Will is at
least 18 years old. This is an example of using _____ reasoning.
A. inductive
B. deductive
C. conjunctive
D. descriptive - Answers B. deductive
2. Making probable conclusions based on evidence involves _____ reasoning.
A. deductive
B. syllogistic
C. inductive
D. connective - Answers C. inductive
3. An experiment measures participants' performance in judging syllogisms. Two premises and a
conclusion are presented as stimuli, and participants are asked to indicate (yes or no) if the conclusion
logically follows from the premises. Error rates are then calculated for each syllogism. This experiment
studies _____ reasoning.
A. deductive
B. intuitive
C. falsification
D. inductive - Answers A. deductive
4. Consider the following syllogism:
If p then q.
p
q
,This syllogism is a(n) ____ syllogism.
A. abstract conditional
B. concrete conditional
C. abstract categorical
D. concrete categorical - Answers A. abstract conditional
5. Consider the following syllogism:
If it's a robin then it is a bird.
It is a bird.
Therefore, it is a robin.
In the example above, "Therefore, it is a robin" is a ____ of a ____ syllogism.
A. premise; categorical
B. conclusion; categorical
C. premise; conditional
D. conclusion; conditional - Answers D. conclusion; conditional
6. Consider the following syllogism:
All cats are birds.
All birds have wings.
All cats have wings.
This syllogism is
A. valid.
B. invalid.
, C. true.
D. both valid and true. - Answers A. valid.
7. The validity of a syllogism depends on
A. the truth of its premises.
B. the truth of its conclusion.
C. its form.
D. both the truth of its premises and the truth of its conclusion. - Answers C. its form.
8. Consider the following syllogism:
Premise 1: All dogs are cats.
Premise 2: All cats say "meow."
Conclusion: Therefore, all dogs say "meow."
Which statement below describes this syllogism?
A. Both premises are valid
B. The conclusion is valid
C. The conclusion is not valid
D. The conclusion is true - Answers B. The conclusion is valid
9. A syllogism is valid if
A. the conclusion follows logically from the two premises.
B. the two premises and the conclusion are true.
C. there is evidence to support the two premises.
D. there is no more than one exception to the conclusion. - Answers A. the conclusion follows logically
from the two premises.
10. Consider the following syllogism:
1. If you are given the information that in order to vote in a presidential election, you must be at least 18
years of age, and that Will voted in the last presidential election, you can logically conclude that Will is at
least 18 years old. This is an example of using _____ reasoning.
A. inductive
B. deductive
C. conjunctive
D. descriptive - Answers B. deductive
2. Making probable conclusions based on evidence involves _____ reasoning.
A. deductive
B. syllogistic
C. inductive
D. connective - Answers C. inductive
3. An experiment measures participants' performance in judging syllogisms. Two premises and a
conclusion are presented as stimuli, and participants are asked to indicate (yes or no) if the conclusion
logically follows from the premises. Error rates are then calculated for each syllogism. This experiment
studies _____ reasoning.
A. deductive
B. intuitive
C. falsification
D. inductive - Answers A. deductive
4. Consider the following syllogism:
If p then q.
p
q
,This syllogism is a(n) ____ syllogism.
A. abstract conditional
B. concrete conditional
C. abstract categorical
D. concrete categorical - Answers A. abstract conditional
5. Consider the following syllogism:
If it's a robin then it is a bird.
It is a bird.
Therefore, it is a robin.
In the example above, "Therefore, it is a robin" is a ____ of a ____ syllogism.
A. premise; categorical
B. conclusion; categorical
C. premise; conditional
D. conclusion; conditional - Answers D. conclusion; conditional
6. Consider the following syllogism:
All cats are birds.
All birds have wings.
All cats have wings.
This syllogism is
A. valid.
B. invalid.
, C. true.
D. both valid and true. - Answers A. valid.
7. The validity of a syllogism depends on
A. the truth of its premises.
B. the truth of its conclusion.
C. its form.
D. both the truth of its premises and the truth of its conclusion. - Answers C. its form.
8. Consider the following syllogism:
Premise 1: All dogs are cats.
Premise 2: All cats say "meow."
Conclusion: Therefore, all dogs say "meow."
Which statement below describes this syllogism?
A. Both premises are valid
B. The conclusion is valid
C. The conclusion is not valid
D. The conclusion is true - Answers B. The conclusion is valid
9. A syllogism is valid if
A. the conclusion follows logically from the two premises.
B. the two premises and the conclusion are true.
C. there is evidence to support the two premises.
D. there is no more than one exception to the conclusion. - Answers A. the conclusion follows logically
from the two premises.
10. Consider the following syllogism:
