NSG 300 Exam 1: Study Guide
What is the goal of Healthy People 2020? - ANSWER:promote quality of life, healthy development, and
healthy behaviors across all life stages
-access to health services
-injury/violence prevention
-health for all ages
-health of communities affects overall health of nation
Illness perceptions - ANSWER:beliefs about illness; may be brought on by cultural, spiritual, or ethical
factors
what does holistic care consist of - ANSWER:paying attention to the mind, body, and spirit of the client
what is the normal range for a child temperature - ANSWER:96.8-99 F.
what is the normal range for adult temperature (tympanic/oral) - ANSWER:98.6 F.
what is the normal range for adult temperature (rectal) - ANSWER:99.5 F.
what is the normal range for adult temperature (axillary) - ANSWER:97.7 F.
pyrexia - ANSWER:fever
afebrile - ANSWER:without fever
hyperpyrexia/hyperthermia - ANSWER:very high fever (103-105.8 F. or above)
hypothermia - ANSWER:low body temperature (95 F. or lower)
factors affecting temperature - ANSWER:developmental level, environment, sex, exercise,
emotions/stress/hormones, circadian rhythm
when should you not use the oral method of obtaining a client's temperature - ANSWER:if the patient
has a problem with their mouth or if their mouth is in use by medical equipment
what is the normal range for adult pulse - ANSWER:60-100 bpm; strong, regular
systole - ANSWER:peak of the wave; contraction of the heart
diastole - ANSWER:trough of the wave; resting phase of heart
stroke volume - ANSWER:the amount of blood ejected from the heart in one contraction.
Cardiac Output (CO) - ANSWER:total quantity of blood pumped per minute
factors affecting pulse - ANSWER:exercise, temperature, acute pain, emotions, meds, hemorrhage,
postural changes, pulmonary conditions
, what is something to consider about older adult's pulse? - ANSWER:it may take longer for the HR to rise.
heart sounds may also sometimes be muffled due to an increase in air space in the lungs
what is something to consider about older adult's temperature? - ANSWER:it runs low
when should you take the apical pulse - ANSWER:when the radial pulse is irregular, if a patient is taking
cardiac meds, or in assessment of infants to children up to 3 years old
what is the normal range for adult blood pressure - ANSWER:120/80
peripheral resistance - ANSWER:arterial and capillary resistance to blood flow as a result of friction
between blood and the vessel walls
hypotension - ANSWER:systolic pressure less than 100mmHg
prehypertension - ANSWER:BP of 120-139 systolic or 80-89 diastolic, obtained with 2 readings, 6 minutes
apart with patient sitting
hypertension - ANSWER:BP above 140 systolic or 90 diasolic
primary hypertension - ANSWER:high BP where the cause is unknown
secondary hypertension - ANSWER:high blood pressure caused by the effects of another disease
what is the normal range for adult respirations - ANSWER:12-20
apnea - ANSWER:absence of breathing
dyspnea - ANSWER:difficulty breathing
orthopnea - ANSWER:difficulty breathing when lying down
rhonchi - ANSWER:low-pitched gurgling caused by secretions in large airways; can often clear with
coughing
crackles - ANSWER:discontinuous popping sounds heard over inspiration; high-pitched popping or low-
pitched bubbling sounds caused by fluid in alveoli
stridor - ANSWER:strained, high-pitched sound heard on inspiration when an individual experiences
respiratory distress or has an obstructed airway
stertor - ANSWER:Labored breathing that produces a snoring sound
factors that affect respirations - ANSWER:exercise, pain, stress, smoking, fever, hemoglobin, disease,
meds, position, neurological injury
signs of hypoxia - ANSWER:cyanosis, restlessness, apprehension, confusion, dizziness, fatigue, decreased
level of consciousness, tachycardia, and BP changes
what is the normal range for adult O2 saturation - ANSWER:95% or more
factors that affect oxygen saturation - ANSWER:anxiety, infection, shock, hypoxia, drugs, acid-base
imbalance, disease
What is the goal of Healthy People 2020? - ANSWER:promote quality of life, healthy development, and
healthy behaviors across all life stages
-access to health services
-injury/violence prevention
-health for all ages
-health of communities affects overall health of nation
Illness perceptions - ANSWER:beliefs about illness; may be brought on by cultural, spiritual, or ethical
factors
what does holistic care consist of - ANSWER:paying attention to the mind, body, and spirit of the client
what is the normal range for a child temperature - ANSWER:96.8-99 F.
what is the normal range for adult temperature (tympanic/oral) - ANSWER:98.6 F.
what is the normal range for adult temperature (rectal) - ANSWER:99.5 F.
what is the normal range for adult temperature (axillary) - ANSWER:97.7 F.
pyrexia - ANSWER:fever
afebrile - ANSWER:without fever
hyperpyrexia/hyperthermia - ANSWER:very high fever (103-105.8 F. or above)
hypothermia - ANSWER:low body temperature (95 F. or lower)
factors affecting temperature - ANSWER:developmental level, environment, sex, exercise,
emotions/stress/hormones, circadian rhythm
when should you not use the oral method of obtaining a client's temperature - ANSWER:if the patient
has a problem with their mouth or if their mouth is in use by medical equipment
what is the normal range for adult pulse - ANSWER:60-100 bpm; strong, regular
systole - ANSWER:peak of the wave; contraction of the heart
diastole - ANSWER:trough of the wave; resting phase of heart
stroke volume - ANSWER:the amount of blood ejected from the heart in one contraction.
Cardiac Output (CO) - ANSWER:total quantity of blood pumped per minute
factors affecting pulse - ANSWER:exercise, temperature, acute pain, emotions, meds, hemorrhage,
postural changes, pulmonary conditions
, what is something to consider about older adult's pulse? - ANSWER:it may take longer for the HR to rise.
heart sounds may also sometimes be muffled due to an increase in air space in the lungs
what is something to consider about older adult's temperature? - ANSWER:it runs low
when should you take the apical pulse - ANSWER:when the radial pulse is irregular, if a patient is taking
cardiac meds, or in assessment of infants to children up to 3 years old
what is the normal range for adult blood pressure - ANSWER:120/80
peripheral resistance - ANSWER:arterial and capillary resistance to blood flow as a result of friction
between blood and the vessel walls
hypotension - ANSWER:systolic pressure less than 100mmHg
prehypertension - ANSWER:BP of 120-139 systolic or 80-89 diastolic, obtained with 2 readings, 6 minutes
apart with patient sitting
hypertension - ANSWER:BP above 140 systolic or 90 diasolic
primary hypertension - ANSWER:high BP where the cause is unknown
secondary hypertension - ANSWER:high blood pressure caused by the effects of another disease
what is the normal range for adult respirations - ANSWER:12-20
apnea - ANSWER:absence of breathing
dyspnea - ANSWER:difficulty breathing
orthopnea - ANSWER:difficulty breathing when lying down
rhonchi - ANSWER:low-pitched gurgling caused by secretions in large airways; can often clear with
coughing
crackles - ANSWER:discontinuous popping sounds heard over inspiration; high-pitched popping or low-
pitched bubbling sounds caused by fluid in alveoli
stridor - ANSWER:strained, high-pitched sound heard on inspiration when an individual experiences
respiratory distress or has an obstructed airway
stertor - ANSWER:Labored breathing that produces a snoring sound
factors that affect respirations - ANSWER:exercise, pain, stress, smoking, fever, hemoglobin, disease,
meds, position, neurological injury
signs of hypoxia - ANSWER:cyanosis, restlessness, apprehension, confusion, dizziness, fatigue, decreased
level of consciousness, tachycardia, and BP changes
what is the normal range for adult O2 saturation - ANSWER:95% or more
factors that affect oxygen saturation - ANSWER:anxiety, infection, shock, hypoxia, drugs, acid-base
imbalance, disease
