NUR 2214:NUR 2214 Care Of Older Adult: NUR 2214
Package Deal: Questions & Answers
What do the biological theories of aging do? - ANSWER:Help nurses understand older adult changes,
behaviors, and to recognize problems and provide interventions over time. Not just one theories explains
it, must be supported with evidence over time.
What is the free radical theory? - ANSWER:The idea that molecules that are harmful to the human body
that are unstable move around the body, causing harm to living cells. This can disrupt metabolism and
cell processes, leading to disease.
How does the free radical theory work? - ANSWER:During normal cell molecule formation, electrons are
shared with each other, but from aging or damage to cell DNA from over exposure to radiation and
pollution, the molecule splits and does not pair with an electron, causing a free radical to be formed and
that can harm cells.
What types of diseases does the free radical theory propose when these cells travel in the body with
aging? - ANSWER:cancers, diabetes, arthritis, atherosclerosis
What can be taken to neutralize free radicals? - ANSWER:antioxidants- in the form of food, vitamins. they
help to donate electrons from stale atoms
What is the cross linkage theory? - ANSWER:when free radicals interact or connect with cell molecules
and connective tissue that causes tissues to be damaged and unable be repaired. when it is damaged,
this can lead to disease and function problems in older adults
What is connective tissue? - ANSWER:matrix that provides support, binds tissues in the body such as
organs, muscles, bones and joints, adipose tissues, cartilage, blood and lymph.
What happens when free radical cells destroy connective tissue in older adults? - ANSWER:Diseases and
functional issues
What interventions can the nurse do to limit free radical spread and promote health with cross linkage
theory? - ANSWER:smoking cessation, sun exposure, UV light exposure, diet management
What is the biological clock theory? - ANSWER:The idea that we as humans have a predetermined
number of cell divisions that will occur during our lifetime, and that each one is a tick of a clock. these
are genetically predetermined and as older adults, these cell divisions are slowed down, so more cell loss
is perceived
Why are cell divisions important to aging? - ANSWER:they are important for replication and repair and
without this, efficiency is lost and aging occurs
What is unique about the biological clock theory as it pertains to humans? - ANSWER:not all humans
have the same number of cell divisions or ticks and timers since some age faster or than others due to
genetics, stressors and exposures
, What is the wear and tear theory? - ANSWER:the idea that the body is similar to a machine; with older
adults, as they age, their tissues and organs wear down after consistent use to maintain bodily function.
What is the wear and tear theory caused by that contributes to aging? - ANSWER:external and internal
damages to the body from stressors, exposures, diet, weight, lifestyle, environment can lead to faster
aging on the body that can damage hormones, DNA, ligaments, muscles, structure, etc.
What is the natural aspect when it comes to the wear and tear theory? - ANSWER:that peoples bodies
have a natural tendency when aging that its cells, tissues and organs will not function at full capacity like
it once did
What types of nursing interventions can nurses do with the wear and tear theory? - ANSWER:maintain
appropriate health practices and healthily lifestyle to reduce strain on ones structural aging
What is the immunologic theory? - ANSWER:as one ages, so does the immune system, causing natural
decline of the immune system, leading to the body being more susceptible to infections, disease, and
illness
What are key components associated with the immunologic theory? - ANSWER:tonsils, adenoids, lymph
nodes, thymus, spleen, appendix, help the body maintain immunological function, and when the body is
aged, these organs cannot function or filter out harmful disease
What is the activity theory? - ANSWER:the idea that activity is important in maintaining emotional
health, independence, and functionality of the older adult. Activity is needed to keep from isolation from
society, engagement, life satisfaction and connectedness
What are some nursing interventions for the activity theory and the older adult? - ANSWER:the nurse
can encourage and assist the older adult to plan realistic activities ad promote interaction with their
support system.
What are some benefits for older adults with the activity theory? - ANSWER:lower risk at diseases like
arthritis and cancer, better emotional and physical well being
What is the continuity theory? - ANSWER:that individuals retain their same values, beliefs, and behaviors
throughout life. old age is not seen as operate from normal life
What interventions should we do as the nurse to promote the continuity theory? - ANSWER:allow the
older adult to have independence and control over their lifestyle and routines and to maintain them as
well as hobbies and habits, provide ways to give older adults access to things they are passionate about
What is the age stratification theory? - ANSWER:the idea that older adults are key elementals of society
and they interact with it in a hierarchal way.
What is one risk that come with the age stratification theory? - ANSWER:that it can extend to systems of
inequalities that younger age is more desirable and stereotyping and discrimination based on age.
What are nursing interventions that come with the age stratification theory? - ANSWER:advocation of
older clients with stereotyping and discrimination and negative perceptions
Package Deal: Questions & Answers
What do the biological theories of aging do? - ANSWER:Help nurses understand older adult changes,
behaviors, and to recognize problems and provide interventions over time. Not just one theories explains
it, must be supported with evidence over time.
What is the free radical theory? - ANSWER:The idea that molecules that are harmful to the human body
that are unstable move around the body, causing harm to living cells. This can disrupt metabolism and
cell processes, leading to disease.
How does the free radical theory work? - ANSWER:During normal cell molecule formation, electrons are
shared with each other, but from aging or damage to cell DNA from over exposure to radiation and
pollution, the molecule splits and does not pair with an electron, causing a free radical to be formed and
that can harm cells.
What types of diseases does the free radical theory propose when these cells travel in the body with
aging? - ANSWER:cancers, diabetes, arthritis, atherosclerosis
What can be taken to neutralize free radicals? - ANSWER:antioxidants- in the form of food, vitamins. they
help to donate electrons from stale atoms
What is the cross linkage theory? - ANSWER:when free radicals interact or connect with cell molecules
and connective tissue that causes tissues to be damaged and unable be repaired. when it is damaged,
this can lead to disease and function problems in older adults
What is connective tissue? - ANSWER:matrix that provides support, binds tissues in the body such as
organs, muscles, bones and joints, adipose tissues, cartilage, blood and lymph.
What happens when free radical cells destroy connective tissue in older adults? - ANSWER:Diseases and
functional issues
What interventions can the nurse do to limit free radical spread and promote health with cross linkage
theory? - ANSWER:smoking cessation, sun exposure, UV light exposure, diet management
What is the biological clock theory? - ANSWER:The idea that we as humans have a predetermined
number of cell divisions that will occur during our lifetime, and that each one is a tick of a clock. these
are genetically predetermined and as older adults, these cell divisions are slowed down, so more cell loss
is perceived
Why are cell divisions important to aging? - ANSWER:they are important for replication and repair and
without this, efficiency is lost and aging occurs
What is unique about the biological clock theory as it pertains to humans? - ANSWER:not all humans
have the same number of cell divisions or ticks and timers since some age faster or than others due to
genetics, stressors and exposures
, What is the wear and tear theory? - ANSWER:the idea that the body is similar to a machine; with older
adults, as they age, their tissues and organs wear down after consistent use to maintain bodily function.
What is the wear and tear theory caused by that contributes to aging? - ANSWER:external and internal
damages to the body from stressors, exposures, diet, weight, lifestyle, environment can lead to faster
aging on the body that can damage hormones, DNA, ligaments, muscles, structure, etc.
What is the natural aspect when it comes to the wear and tear theory? - ANSWER:that peoples bodies
have a natural tendency when aging that its cells, tissues and organs will not function at full capacity like
it once did
What types of nursing interventions can nurses do with the wear and tear theory? - ANSWER:maintain
appropriate health practices and healthily lifestyle to reduce strain on ones structural aging
What is the immunologic theory? - ANSWER:as one ages, so does the immune system, causing natural
decline of the immune system, leading to the body being more susceptible to infections, disease, and
illness
What are key components associated with the immunologic theory? - ANSWER:tonsils, adenoids, lymph
nodes, thymus, spleen, appendix, help the body maintain immunological function, and when the body is
aged, these organs cannot function or filter out harmful disease
What is the activity theory? - ANSWER:the idea that activity is important in maintaining emotional
health, independence, and functionality of the older adult. Activity is needed to keep from isolation from
society, engagement, life satisfaction and connectedness
What are some nursing interventions for the activity theory and the older adult? - ANSWER:the nurse
can encourage and assist the older adult to plan realistic activities ad promote interaction with their
support system.
What are some benefits for older adults with the activity theory? - ANSWER:lower risk at diseases like
arthritis and cancer, better emotional and physical well being
What is the continuity theory? - ANSWER:that individuals retain their same values, beliefs, and behaviors
throughout life. old age is not seen as operate from normal life
What interventions should we do as the nurse to promote the continuity theory? - ANSWER:allow the
older adult to have independence and control over their lifestyle and routines and to maintain them as
well as hobbies and habits, provide ways to give older adults access to things they are passionate about
What is the age stratification theory? - ANSWER:the idea that older adults are key elementals of society
and they interact with it in a hierarchal way.
What is one risk that come with the age stratification theory? - ANSWER:that it can extend to systems of
inequalities that younger age is more desirable and stereotyping and discrimination based on age.
What are nursing interventions that come with the age stratification theory? - ANSWER:advocation of
older clients with stereotyping and discrimination and negative perceptions
