ATCN 2020 Chapter 4 Thoracic Trauma
__________________ is the most serious consequence of thoracic trauma. - ✔✔ correct answer Hypoxia
Posterior dislocation of the ______________________________ leads to airway obstruction - ✔✔
correct answer Posterior dislocation of the clavicals head leads to airway obstruction.
The majority of tracheobronchial tree injuries occur where? - ✔✔ correct answer Occur within 1 inch of
the carina.
Incomplete expansion of the lung and continued large air leak after placement of a chest tube suggests a
tracheobronchial injury and placement of more than one chest tube may be necessary.
Blast injuries commonly produce severe injury to _______________________ interfaces. - ✔✔ correct
answer Air-fluid interfaces.
The most common cause of a _______________________________________________ is mechanical
positive pressure ventilation in patients with visceral pleural injury. - ✔✔ correct answer Tension
Pneumothorax
Patients who suffer this type of injury and who are spontaneously breathing often manifest extreme
tachypnea and air hunger, whereas patients who are mechanically ventilated manifest hemodynamic
collapse. - ✔✔ correct answer Pneumothorax
__________________________________________ > 1500ml of blood or 1/3 of patients blood volume
in one side of the chest with a. ________________________________________. Can significantly
compromise respiratory efforts. - ✔✔ correct answer Massive Hemothorax
Usually occurs from penetrating trauma
May occur from blunt trauma
_______________________________ (can be seen in the following injuries)
Cardiac Tamponade
, ATCN 2020 Chapter 4 Thoracic Trauma
Tension Pneumothorax
Profound hypovolemia - ✔✔ correct answer PEA
List all the potential causes of PEA - ✔✔ correct answer Hemothorax
Hypoxia
Hydrogen Ion ( Acidosis)
Hypo / Hyperkalemia
Hypoglycemia
Hypothermia
Toxins
Thrombus (coronary / Pulmonary)
Hemothorax - Insertion of a chest tube occurs where? - ✔✔ correct answer Insert a chest tube (28 - 32
Fr) usually at the fifth intercostal space just anterior to the mid axillary line
After insertion of a chest tube, the immediate return of 1500 ml of blood generally indicates the need for
urgent ________________________________. - ✔✔ correct answer Thoracotomy.
Continuing blood loss of 200ml/ hr for 2 to 4 hours also indicates the need for urgent thoracotomy.
____________________________________________ most commonly occurs after penetrating trauma,
although blunt injury also can cause the pericardium to fill with blood from the heart, great vessels, or
epicardium vessels. - ✔✔ correct answer Cardiac Tamponade
Classic Clincal Triad of Cardiac Tamponade - ✔✔ correct answer Muffled heart sounds
Hypotension
Distended neck veins
____________________________________ rise in venous pressure with inspiration when breathing
spontaneously is a true paradoxical venous pressure abnormality that is associated with tamponade. -
✔✔ correct answer Kussmaul's Sign
__________________ is the most serious consequence of thoracic trauma. - ✔✔ correct answer Hypoxia
Posterior dislocation of the ______________________________ leads to airway obstruction - ✔✔
correct answer Posterior dislocation of the clavicals head leads to airway obstruction.
The majority of tracheobronchial tree injuries occur where? - ✔✔ correct answer Occur within 1 inch of
the carina.
Incomplete expansion of the lung and continued large air leak after placement of a chest tube suggests a
tracheobronchial injury and placement of more than one chest tube may be necessary.
Blast injuries commonly produce severe injury to _______________________ interfaces. - ✔✔ correct
answer Air-fluid interfaces.
The most common cause of a _______________________________________________ is mechanical
positive pressure ventilation in patients with visceral pleural injury. - ✔✔ correct answer Tension
Pneumothorax
Patients who suffer this type of injury and who are spontaneously breathing often manifest extreme
tachypnea and air hunger, whereas patients who are mechanically ventilated manifest hemodynamic
collapse. - ✔✔ correct answer Pneumothorax
__________________________________________ > 1500ml of blood or 1/3 of patients blood volume
in one side of the chest with a. ________________________________________. Can significantly
compromise respiratory efforts. - ✔✔ correct answer Massive Hemothorax
Usually occurs from penetrating trauma
May occur from blunt trauma
_______________________________ (can be seen in the following injuries)
Cardiac Tamponade
, ATCN 2020 Chapter 4 Thoracic Trauma
Tension Pneumothorax
Profound hypovolemia - ✔✔ correct answer PEA
List all the potential causes of PEA - ✔✔ correct answer Hemothorax
Hypoxia
Hydrogen Ion ( Acidosis)
Hypo / Hyperkalemia
Hypoglycemia
Hypothermia
Toxins
Thrombus (coronary / Pulmonary)
Hemothorax - Insertion of a chest tube occurs where? - ✔✔ correct answer Insert a chest tube (28 - 32
Fr) usually at the fifth intercostal space just anterior to the mid axillary line
After insertion of a chest tube, the immediate return of 1500 ml of blood generally indicates the need for
urgent ________________________________. - ✔✔ correct answer Thoracotomy.
Continuing blood loss of 200ml/ hr for 2 to 4 hours also indicates the need for urgent thoracotomy.
____________________________________________ most commonly occurs after penetrating trauma,
although blunt injury also can cause the pericardium to fill with blood from the heart, great vessels, or
epicardium vessels. - ✔✔ correct answer Cardiac Tamponade
Classic Clincal Triad of Cardiac Tamponade - ✔✔ correct answer Muffled heart sounds
Hypotension
Distended neck veins
____________________________________ rise in venous pressure with inspiration when breathing
spontaneously is a true paradoxical venous pressure abnormality that is associated with tamponade. -
✔✔ correct answer Kussmaul's Sign
