NR507 MIDTERM EXAM BEST QUASTION AND ANSWERS ASSURED 100% GRADED A+!!

NR507 MIDTERM EXAM BEST
QUASTION AND ANSWERS ASSURED
100% GRADED A+!!
Innate immunity (CORRECT ANSWER) the immunity we are born with


Immune response: 3 levels/lines of protection (CORRECT
ANSWER)1st line: physical, mechanical, & biochemical barriers


2nd line: the inflammatory response


3rd line: lymphocyte production


most important immune defense (CORRECT ANSWER)intact skin and
mucous membranes (impermeable barrier)


PAMP (CORRECT ANSWER)pathogen associated molecular pattern


surfaces of bacteria, viruses, and other microbes are covered with many
foreign proteins


foreign


DAMP (CORRECT ANSWER)damage associated molecular pattern

,many proteins are released from inside our cells when they are damaged


foreign


PRR (CORRECT ANSWER)pattern recognition receptors


surfaces of WBCs contain these receptor sites
-continuously interact with any material they encounter to ID it as "self"
or "non-self" (foreign; PAMP or DAMP)


Chemotaxis (CORRECT ANSWER) Cell movement that occurs in
response to chemical stimulus


Phagocytosis (CORRECT ANSWER)"cell eating"
1. opsonization and adherence
2. engulfment - WBC surrounds and ingests Ag
3. Fusion of phagosome with lysosome
4. destruction - phagosome digested by lysozyme, H202, acids, and
other toxic chemicals inside the lysosomes
5. egestion


Hypersensitivity Type 1:_____ (CORRECT ANSWER)Allergic
reaction

,Hypersensitivity: Type 1
Mediated by ______ (CORRECT ANSWER)IgE


Hypersensitivity: Type 1
Inflammation due to _____________ (CORRECT ANSWER)mast cell
degranulation


Hypersensitivity: Type 1
local symptoms (CORRECT ANSWER)itching, rash


Hypersensitivity: Type 1
systemic symptoms (CORRECT ANSWER)wheezing


Hypersensitivity: Type 1
most dangerous form (CORRECT ANSWER)anaphylactic reaction-
systemic response-hypotension, severe bronchoconstriction


Hypersensitivity: Type 1
main treatment ___________ (CORRECT ANSWER)epinephrine


Hypersensitivity Type 2: _________________ (CORRECT
ANSWER)Cytotoxic reaction; tissue specific (example: thyroid tissue)
hapten causes mediation of IgE or IgM

, Hypersensitivity: Type 2
Primary effector cells involved (CORRECT ANSWER)macrophages


Hypersensitivity: Type 2
can cause ____________ (CORRECT ANSWER)tissue damage or alter
function


Hypersensitivity: Type 2
example of altered function (CORRECT ANSWER)graves disease
(hyperthyroidism)-example of altering thyroid function, but does not
destroy thyroid tissue


Hypersensitivity: Type 2
example of tissue damage (CORRECT ANSWER)incompatible blood
type-example of cell/tissue damage that occurs; severe transfusion
reaction occurs and the transfused erythrocytes are destroyed by
agglutination or complement-mediated lysis


Hypersensitivity: Type 3 (CORRECT ANSWER)Not organ specific
Immune complex-mediated hypersensitivity reactions
-the antibody binds to soluble antigen outside the cell surface and the
complex is deposited in the tissues


Hypersensitivity: Type 3