N434 Shock test questions and answers .

N434: Shock test
questions and answers
2025-2026
What is shock?
inadequate tissue perfusion --> decrease O2/nutrients, increase lactic acid
Types of shock
Distributive
Cardiogenic
Hypovolemic
Obstructive
Distributive shock patho
Precipitating event -> Vasodilation -> Activation of inflammatory response
-> Maldistribution of blood volume -> ↓ venous return -> ↓ cardiac output -
> ↓ tissue perfusion
Types of distributive shock
anaphylactic, neurogenic, septic
Hypovolemic shock patho
decreased blood volume --> decreased venous return --> decreased stroke
volume --> decreased CO --> decreased tissue perfusion
Types of hypovolemic shock
absolute: loss of blood or body fluids
relative: fluid moves into interstial space
Example of absolute hypovolemic shock
trauma, N/V, surgery, GIB
Example of relative hypovolemic shock
burn
Cardiogenic shock patho
pump failure/heart stops working

, Obstructive shock patho
•Mechanical barrier to ventricular filling or emptying
•Decreased cardiac output
•Impaired tissue perfusion
Risk factors for shock
older adults
immunocompromised
chronic disease
trauma
surgery

MI
allergy
CM of the brain for shock
decrease LOC
cerebral infarct
lethargy
stupor
CM of respiratory system for shock
tachypnea
hypoxia
sat <90%
dyspnea
CM of the renal system for shock
oliguria
CM of the GI system for shock
hypoactive bowel sounds
no bowel sounds
decrease BM and gas

RISK:
- GIB, paralytic ileus, ulcers
CM of cardiovascular system for shock
tachycardia
hypotension
dysrhythmias
murmur
CM of skin for shock