Bio 181 Lab Final Exam Questions and
Answers 100% Pass
What is a catalyst? - ANSWER✔✔-A substance that increases the rate of a
chemical reaction without being used up
What is an enzyme? - ANSWER✔✔-A biological molecule that increases
the rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed, usually a protein.
What is the activation energy? - ANSWER✔✔-The energy required to
convert a substrate to a product
How do enzymes catalyze reactions? - ANSWER✔✔-By forming a
substrate-enzyme complex. The enzyme brings the substrates together and
put stress to break the bonds. Enzymes create a micro-environment or
break bonds
What are 7 properties of enzymes? - ANSWER✔✔-Most are proteins.
Highly specific to - usually - one substrate.
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,They form an enzyme-substrate complex:
E + S ↔ ES → P + E
They do not affect the direction of a reaction.
They lower the energy of activation of a reaction.
They are not consumed in the reaction.
They are often highly regulated.
How does an inhibitor work? - ANSWER✔✔-Prevents binding of the target
molecule of the enzyme by binding to the active site or another site
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, What are the 2 types of inhibitors? - ANSWER✔✔-Competitive and
Noncompetitive
What affects enzymatic activity? - ANSWER✔✔-Substrate specificity,
substrate/enzyme concentration, pH and temperature
How does substrate specificity affect enzymatic activity? - ANSWER✔✔-
Substrate specificity is a term for the fact that each enzyme generally
converts only one specific substrate for one specific reaction. The more
specific a substrate is, the enzyme will want to react with that substrate
How does substrate/enzyme concentration affect enzymatic activity? -
ANSWER✔✔-If there is too much substrate compared to the enzyme,
enzymatic activity will plateau
Increasing the amount of enzymes will increase the rate of enzymatic
activity
How does pH affect enzymatic activity? - ANSWER✔✔-Enzymes function
in a certain pH, if the pH changes more acidic or basic the enzyme's
functional groups change. This changes the structure. Extreme pH can
denature enzymes by breaking the hydrogen bonds between them
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Answers 100% Pass
What is a catalyst? - ANSWER✔✔-A substance that increases the rate of a
chemical reaction without being used up
What is an enzyme? - ANSWER✔✔-A biological molecule that increases
the rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed, usually a protein.
What is the activation energy? - ANSWER✔✔-The energy required to
convert a substrate to a product
How do enzymes catalyze reactions? - ANSWER✔✔-By forming a
substrate-enzyme complex. The enzyme brings the substrates together and
put stress to break the bonds. Enzymes create a micro-environment or
break bonds
What are 7 properties of enzymes? - ANSWER✔✔-Most are proteins.
Highly specific to - usually - one substrate.
Copyright ©EMILLYCHARLOTE 2025 ACADEMIC YEAR, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Page 1/19
,They form an enzyme-substrate complex:
E + S ↔ ES → P + E
They do not affect the direction of a reaction.
They lower the energy of activation of a reaction.
They are not consumed in the reaction.
They are often highly regulated.
How does an inhibitor work? - ANSWER✔✔-Prevents binding of the target
molecule of the enzyme by binding to the active site or another site
Copyright ©EMILLYCHARLOTE 2025 ACADEMIC YEAR, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Page 2/19
, What are the 2 types of inhibitors? - ANSWER✔✔-Competitive and
Noncompetitive
What affects enzymatic activity? - ANSWER✔✔-Substrate specificity,
substrate/enzyme concentration, pH and temperature
How does substrate specificity affect enzymatic activity? - ANSWER✔✔-
Substrate specificity is a term for the fact that each enzyme generally
converts only one specific substrate for one specific reaction. The more
specific a substrate is, the enzyme will want to react with that substrate
How does substrate/enzyme concentration affect enzymatic activity? -
ANSWER✔✔-If there is too much substrate compared to the enzyme,
enzymatic activity will plateau
Increasing the amount of enzymes will increase the rate of enzymatic
activity
How does pH affect enzymatic activity? - ANSWER✔✔-Enzymes function
in a certain pH, if the pH changes more acidic or basic the enzyme's
functional groups change. This changes the structure. Extreme pH can
denature enzymes by breaking the hydrogen bonds between them
Copyright ©EMILLYCHARLOTE 2025 ACADEMIC YEAR, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Page 3/19
