NUR 313: Nursing Concepts for Adult
Health Exam 3 Questions With Solved
Solutions.
What is the most common upper gastrointestinal condition seen in adults? - Answer Gastroesophageal
reflux disease (GERD)
What are some potential causes of GERD? - Answer Aging
Overly full stomach
Pregnancy
Bulimia
What is the most common clinical manifestation of GERD? - Answer Pyrosis (heartburn)
What are the clinical manifestations of GERD? - Answer Pyrosis
Dyspepsia
Hypersalivation
At his annual physical, a patient complains of a frequent burning sensation in his chest after eating. The
nurse knows that this symptom is consistent with a diagnosis of ___. - Answer GERD
What destroyers of the mucosal barrier contribute to the development of peptic ulcer disease (PUD)? -
Answer H. pylori
Aspirin & NSAIDs
Corticosteroids
Smoking
How does Helicobacter pylori contribute to the development of PUD? - Answer Produces urease
(enzyme), which mediates inflammation and causes mucosa to become more vulnerable
,How do aspirin and NSAIDs contribute to the development of PUD? - Answer Inhibit synthesis of
prostaglandins
What agents cause an increase in gastric acid production, predisposing an individual to the development
of PUD? - Answer Food products
Vomiting
Stress
What drug therapy is initiated for patients suffering from GERD or PUD? - Answer Antacids
Anti-secretory agents
Prokinetics
ABOs
What are important components to consider in the nursing assessment of a patient with GERD or PUD? -
Answer Past health history
Medication use
Heartburn (aggravating/alleviating factors, when it occurs)
Weight loss (nutritional deficiencies - pain, vomiting, PUD; lesions compromise stomach's ability to break
down food)
Black, tarry stools
Epigastric tenderness (location, changes in sensation)
N/V
Abnormal lab values
What is the aim of the treatment program for a patient suffering from GERD or PUD? - Answer Reduce
degree of gastric acidity
Enhance mucosal defense mechanisms
What lifestyle modifications should be included in the health promotion plan for a patient with PUD? -
Answer Smoking cessation
,Stress reduction
What nutrition interventions might be implemented for a patient suffering from PUD? - Answer
Avoid/eliminate foods or beverages that irritate
Bland diet may be recommended
Six small meals per day during symptomatic phase
What are the three major complications of PUD? - Answer Hemorrhage
Perforation
Gastric outlet obstruction
A patient diagnosed with PUD has an increased amount of blood in gastric contents, but states that her
pain has decreased. What is suspected and what does the nurse do? - Answer Hemorrhagic shock -
Prepare for OR
Actions related to blood loss, fluid volume loss, pain
A patient diagnosed with PUD complains of sudden, severe abdominal pain and presents with a rigid,
board-like abdomen. What is suspected and what does the nurse do? - Answer Perforation -
Prepare for OR
Actions related to blood loss, fluid volume loss, pain
In someone with cirrhosis, destruction of the liver's parenchymal cells results in: - Answer Decreased
liver mass
Impaired liver function
Altered blood flow
What is the ninth leading cause of death in the U.S.? - Answer Cirrhosis
What is the most common cause of cirrhosis? - Answer Alcoholism
, What GI disturbances may be seen in the early stages of cirrhosis? - Answer Anorexia
Dyspepsia
Flatulence
N/V
Change in bowel habits
Abdominal pain
Fever
Lassitude
Weight loss
Enlarged liver or spleen
What GI disturbances may be seen in the late stages of cirrhosis? - Answer Anorexia
Dyspepsia
N/V
Abdominal pain
Fetor hepaticus
Varices (esophageal, gastric, hemorrhoid)
Hematemesis
Congestive gastritis
What integumentary changes are seen in the late stages of cirrhosis? - Answer Jaundice
Spider angioma
Palmar erythema
Purpura
Petechiae
What hematologic changes are seen in the late stages of cirrhosis? - Answer Anemia
Thrombocytopenia
Leukopenia
Health Exam 3 Questions With Solved
Solutions.
What is the most common upper gastrointestinal condition seen in adults? - Answer Gastroesophageal
reflux disease (GERD)
What are some potential causes of GERD? - Answer Aging
Overly full stomach
Pregnancy
Bulimia
What is the most common clinical manifestation of GERD? - Answer Pyrosis (heartburn)
What are the clinical manifestations of GERD? - Answer Pyrosis
Dyspepsia
Hypersalivation
At his annual physical, a patient complains of a frequent burning sensation in his chest after eating. The
nurse knows that this symptom is consistent with a diagnosis of ___. - Answer GERD
What destroyers of the mucosal barrier contribute to the development of peptic ulcer disease (PUD)? -
Answer H. pylori
Aspirin & NSAIDs
Corticosteroids
Smoking
How does Helicobacter pylori contribute to the development of PUD? - Answer Produces urease
(enzyme), which mediates inflammation and causes mucosa to become more vulnerable
,How do aspirin and NSAIDs contribute to the development of PUD? - Answer Inhibit synthesis of
prostaglandins
What agents cause an increase in gastric acid production, predisposing an individual to the development
of PUD? - Answer Food products
Vomiting
Stress
What drug therapy is initiated for patients suffering from GERD or PUD? - Answer Antacids
Anti-secretory agents
Prokinetics
ABOs
What are important components to consider in the nursing assessment of a patient with GERD or PUD? -
Answer Past health history
Medication use
Heartburn (aggravating/alleviating factors, when it occurs)
Weight loss (nutritional deficiencies - pain, vomiting, PUD; lesions compromise stomach's ability to break
down food)
Black, tarry stools
Epigastric tenderness (location, changes in sensation)
N/V
Abnormal lab values
What is the aim of the treatment program for a patient suffering from GERD or PUD? - Answer Reduce
degree of gastric acidity
Enhance mucosal defense mechanisms
What lifestyle modifications should be included in the health promotion plan for a patient with PUD? -
Answer Smoking cessation
,Stress reduction
What nutrition interventions might be implemented for a patient suffering from PUD? - Answer
Avoid/eliminate foods or beverages that irritate
Bland diet may be recommended
Six small meals per day during symptomatic phase
What are the three major complications of PUD? - Answer Hemorrhage
Perforation
Gastric outlet obstruction
A patient diagnosed with PUD has an increased amount of blood in gastric contents, but states that her
pain has decreased. What is suspected and what does the nurse do? - Answer Hemorrhagic shock -
Prepare for OR
Actions related to blood loss, fluid volume loss, pain
A patient diagnosed with PUD complains of sudden, severe abdominal pain and presents with a rigid,
board-like abdomen. What is suspected and what does the nurse do? - Answer Perforation -
Prepare for OR
Actions related to blood loss, fluid volume loss, pain
In someone with cirrhosis, destruction of the liver's parenchymal cells results in: - Answer Decreased
liver mass
Impaired liver function
Altered blood flow
What is the ninth leading cause of death in the U.S.? - Answer Cirrhosis
What is the most common cause of cirrhosis? - Answer Alcoholism
, What GI disturbances may be seen in the early stages of cirrhosis? - Answer Anorexia
Dyspepsia
Flatulence
N/V
Change in bowel habits
Abdominal pain
Fever
Lassitude
Weight loss
Enlarged liver or spleen
What GI disturbances may be seen in the late stages of cirrhosis? - Answer Anorexia
Dyspepsia
N/V
Abdominal pain
Fetor hepaticus
Varices (esophageal, gastric, hemorrhoid)
Hematemesis
Congestive gastritis
What integumentary changes are seen in the late stages of cirrhosis? - Answer Jaundice
Spider angioma
Palmar erythema
Purpura
Petechiae
What hematologic changes are seen in the late stages of cirrhosis? - Answer Anemia
Thrombocytopenia
Leukopenia
