Roca World History Honors Final Study Guide Questions and Answers

Roca World History Honors Final Study Guide Questions and Answers Reformation Also known as the Protestant Reformation, this was a movement in 16th century Europe that was caused by the issues people saw within the Catholic Church Counter Reformation Also known as the Catholic Reformation, this was the Catholic Church's response to the Reformation. This led the church to reform itself, fix corruption, and change problematic policies. Indulgences The church sold indulgences to people with the promise that indulgence would get them out of purgatory and into heaven faster. 95 Theses The list of grievances that Martin Luther nailed to the church door in Wittenberg, Germany Martin Luther •German Monk • Nailed a list of 95 grievances to the church door Became the figurehead of the Reformation John Calvin • French Protestant reformer • Broke away from the French Catholic church • His teachings became the foundation for the Reformed, Congregational and Presbyterian churches Henry VIII • King of England • Split with the Catholic Church and formed the Church of England • Got rid of monasteries and reduced the power of the church over society in England. Elizabeth I • Daughter of Henry VIII • Ruled England for 44 years • Established the Church of England • Relatively tolerant and avoided systematic persecution prepared to discuss and debate the contents and ideas of the 95 Theses. What was Martin Luther's plan with the 95 theses She requests that the bad counsel of her enemies not stain his opinion of her and especially their daughter Princess Elizabeth. What does Anne Boleyn request from Henry VIII? You can infer that the accusers and judges of her trial were her enemies Based on what Anne Bolyn said and the results of the trial, what can you infer about her "accusers and judges"? Jane Seymour was the only wife to give birth to a son, which Henry desperately wanted to help preserve his legacy. Why do you think Henry wanted this family portrait painted and not one with any of his other wives? Absolutism Government in which the Monarch has ultimate power and authority over the people Divine Right The belief that the right of rule derives directly from God, not from the consent of people. Monarchy Government that is ruled by a monarch that has the highest authority Constitutional Monarchy Monarchy in which the powers of the ruler are restricted to those granted under the constitution and laws of the nation. Petition of Right petition sent by the English Parliament to King Charles I complaining of a series of breaches of the law. The petition sought recognition of four principles: no taxation without the consent of Parliament, no imprisonment without cause, no quartering of soldiers on subjects, and no martial law in peacetime. Louis XIV of France Absolute Monarch of France Expanded French Territory Annex towns that border France Elizabeth I of England Headed the Anglican Church Passed the Act of Supremacy, and the Act of Uniformity Defeated the Spanish Armada 0 kids Catherine the Great of Russia Rallied army regiments of St. Petersburg and started a coup against Peter III Worked to Westernize Russia Expanded Russia's borders (taking much of Poland and Crimea) James I of England Believed Kings should have supreme power big supporter on divine right avoided conflict signed the first of three charters in 1606 One taken out of the word of God, and the two other out of the grounds of policy and philosophy. Kings resemble gods, they are fathers to families, and they are the head of the body. He says those who do not believe are in an act of blasphemy What is James I's argument in favor of absolutism? no taxation without consent of parliament no imprisonment without cause no quartering of soldiers on subjects no martial law on peace time What are the basic rights that Parliament is asking for from the King in the petition of right? Social Contract It details the relationship between the government and the people with concern for rights and authority. Voluntary agreements between People and Government, written buy Jean Jaques Roussou The Leviathan Book written by Thomas Hobbes 1681 discusses the ideal structure of government and society.