©Themoon EXAM SOLUTIONS
25/11/2024 09:27AM
Bioc 201 Final Review
1.1 Defining life as "a system that is energy utilizing, self-replicating, and capable of Darwinian
evolution" is internally redundant because - Answers✓✓a system that is capable of Darwinian
evolution is already defined as self-replicating, and must be energy utilizing to affect its own
replication.
1.2 Science, like any discipline, is rooted in certain axiomatic assumptions. We talked about
several important "first principles" and one of them was: - Answers✓✓Relational properties
which give rise to cause and effect
1.3 A hypothesis must be capable of being - Answers✓✓experimentally tested and invalidated.
1.4 The process of reasoning through linked consequential statements where a conclusion is
made based on assumed premises is called: - Answers✓✓deduction
1.5 Evolution is fundamentally about the progression of lower life forms into higher ones. -
Answers✓✓False
1.6 The evolutionary model gives us - Answers✓✓a way of linking different species through
lineages developed by natural selection, a fundamentally directionless process itself.
1.7 What are the main elements from which life is composed? - Answers✓✓Nitrogen, carbon,
hydrogen, oxygen, sulfur, and phosphorus
1.8 If two equally electronegative atoms are joined to form a molecule, then the covalent bond
that is formed will be - Answers✓✓nonpolar.
, ©Themoon EXAM SOLUTIONS
25/11/2024 09:27AM
1.9 In an electrically neutral atom - Answers✓✓the number of electrons is the same as the
atomic number.
1.10 What are the mass numbers of C, H, N, O ? - Answers✓✓12, 1, 14, 16
2.1 Why are atoms so small? - Answers✓✓To get the same level of constancy of outputs from
biological systems with constituent parts larger than atoms would require an astronomical size
for living things. This size would be disproportionate to the size of the environment and the
parts that make up the system would be incapable of random (diffusive) movement.
Atoms are the inputs for the Square Root of n Law, so actual error associated with a response
gets smaller as n gets larger. The smallness of atoms at 10e-10 m permits billions of atoms to
contribute to the n value.
If they were not small then the determinacy of biological activities would not be continuously
precise. Living things are great averaging machines that need a very large 'n' to behave in a
directed and predictable fashion.
2.2 In the first chapter of What is Life? Schrodinger suggests that life differs from ordinary
matter principally in its - Answers✓✓complexity
2.3 If a chemical reaction is reversible, then - Answers✓✓it must eventually reach chemical
equilibrium.
2.4 Consider the reversible following biological reaction:
A-P-P-P <======>A-P + P-P
, ©Themoon EXAM SOLUTIONS
25/11/2024 09:27AM
If P-P is degraded to P + P in another reaction, then the original reaction above will be driven
toward the production of - Answers✓✓A-P + P-P
2.5 In Miller's experiment what conditions favor the formation of amino acids? - Answers✓✓a
reducing atmosphere
2.6 Miller has an unchecked assumption in his experiment for which he failed to develop an
appropriate control. His unguarded assumption is _______________, and he could have used a
control which_____________. - Answers✓✓that the apparatus is sterile and stays sterile;
checks for the presence of microbes in the apparatus at the experiment's conclusion.
2.7 A solution with a low pH is more ______________ than a solution with a high pH. -
Answers✓✓acidic
2.8 A buffer will - Answers✓✓keep the pH of a solution at a fixed pH
2.9 If table salt is placed into water, he constituent atoms become ions. Oxygens in water
molecules will align their 2 lone pairs around sodium. If 1026 water molecules are in hydration
shells how many, at any given moment, do not have their oxygens aimed at the metal ion? -
Answers✓✓10e13
2.10 If the valence shell of an atom has seven electrons, its diatomic form is likely to -
Answers✓✓form a biologically toxic gas.
3.1 The dissociation constant of water is calculated as the product of the concentration of H+
and OH- at equilibrium, and it suggests - Answers✓✓pure water contains as many protons as
hydroxide ions
25/11/2024 09:27AM
Bioc 201 Final Review
1.1 Defining life as "a system that is energy utilizing, self-replicating, and capable of Darwinian
evolution" is internally redundant because - Answers✓✓a system that is capable of Darwinian
evolution is already defined as self-replicating, and must be energy utilizing to affect its own
replication.
1.2 Science, like any discipline, is rooted in certain axiomatic assumptions. We talked about
several important "first principles" and one of them was: - Answers✓✓Relational properties
which give rise to cause and effect
1.3 A hypothesis must be capable of being - Answers✓✓experimentally tested and invalidated.
1.4 The process of reasoning through linked consequential statements where a conclusion is
made based on assumed premises is called: - Answers✓✓deduction
1.5 Evolution is fundamentally about the progression of lower life forms into higher ones. -
Answers✓✓False
1.6 The evolutionary model gives us - Answers✓✓a way of linking different species through
lineages developed by natural selection, a fundamentally directionless process itself.
1.7 What are the main elements from which life is composed? - Answers✓✓Nitrogen, carbon,
hydrogen, oxygen, sulfur, and phosphorus
1.8 If two equally electronegative atoms are joined to form a molecule, then the covalent bond
that is formed will be - Answers✓✓nonpolar.
, ©Themoon EXAM SOLUTIONS
25/11/2024 09:27AM
1.9 In an electrically neutral atom - Answers✓✓the number of electrons is the same as the
atomic number.
1.10 What are the mass numbers of C, H, N, O ? - Answers✓✓12, 1, 14, 16
2.1 Why are atoms so small? - Answers✓✓To get the same level of constancy of outputs from
biological systems with constituent parts larger than atoms would require an astronomical size
for living things. This size would be disproportionate to the size of the environment and the
parts that make up the system would be incapable of random (diffusive) movement.
Atoms are the inputs for the Square Root of n Law, so actual error associated with a response
gets smaller as n gets larger. The smallness of atoms at 10e-10 m permits billions of atoms to
contribute to the n value.
If they were not small then the determinacy of biological activities would not be continuously
precise. Living things are great averaging machines that need a very large 'n' to behave in a
directed and predictable fashion.
2.2 In the first chapter of What is Life? Schrodinger suggests that life differs from ordinary
matter principally in its - Answers✓✓complexity
2.3 If a chemical reaction is reversible, then - Answers✓✓it must eventually reach chemical
equilibrium.
2.4 Consider the reversible following biological reaction:
A-P-P-P <======>A-P + P-P
, ©Themoon EXAM SOLUTIONS
25/11/2024 09:27AM
If P-P is degraded to P + P in another reaction, then the original reaction above will be driven
toward the production of - Answers✓✓A-P + P-P
2.5 In Miller's experiment what conditions favor the formation of amino acids? - Answers✓✓a
reducing atmosphere
2.6 Miller has an unchecked assumption in his experiment for which he failed to develop an
appropriate control. His unguarded assumption is _______________, and he could have used a
control which_____________. - Answers✓✓that the apparatus is sterile and stays sterile;
checks for the presence of microbes in the apparatus at the experiment's conclusion.
2.7 A solution with a low pH is more ______________ than a solution with a high pH. -
Answers✓✓acidic
2.8 A buffer will - Answers✓✓keep the pH of a solution at a fixed pH
2.9 If table salt is placed into water, he constituent atoms become ions. Oxygens in water
molecules will align their 2 lone pairs around sodium. If 1026 water molecules are in hydration
shells how many, at any given moment, do not have their oxygens aimed at the metal ion? -
Answers✓✓10e13
2.10 If the valence shell of an atom has seven electrons, its diatomic form is likely to -
Answers✓✓form a biologically toxic gas.
3.1 The dissociation constant of water is calculated as the product of the concentration of H+
and OH- at equilibrium, and it suggests - Answers✓✓pure water contains as many protons as
hydroxide ions
