Clinical Conditions OT 5012
Chapter 2 Exam Latest Update
hypertonicity - Answer more tone (stiff muscles, stiff body)
abnormal muscle tone felt as too much resistance to movement as a result of
hyperactive reflexes and loss of inhibiting influences from higher brain centers
primitive reflexes - Answer all of reflexes we have when were born
innate primary reactions found in newborns and indicative of severe brain damage if
present beyond their usual time of disappearance
diplegia - Answer a type of cerebral palsy
paralysis of two limbs
mostly lower extremities
hemiplegia - Answer paralysis of one side of the body, usually caused by a brain lesion,
such as a tumor, or a cerebrovascular accident
cerebral palsy - Answer a grouping of clinical syndromes that affect movement, muscle
tone, and coordination as a result of an injury or lesion of the immature brain
caused be the developing brain
characteristics of cerebral palsy - Answer occurs when the brain is still developing
can occur anytime during the prenatal, perinatal or postnatal period
Nonprogressive- no further worsening of childs condition or further damage to the
central nervous system
disorder in sensorimotor development that is manifested by abnormal muscle tone and
stereotypical patterns of movement
sensorimotor disorder originates specifically in the brain
lifelong disability
hypoxemia - Answer lack of oxygen to the brain
birth complications resulting in cerebral palsy are related to this becuase of a reduction
of umbilical or uterine blood flow
congenital cerebral palsy - Answer brain injury during intrauterine life has been
reported to be responsible for 70 to 80 percent of children who have cerebral palsy
, incidence and prevalence - Answer 1 out of 323 children
30 percent higher among African American childen
70 percent increase in middle and low income families as compared with upper class
areas
stable rate in cerebral palsy
multiple briths tend to result in infants who are smaller and premature
tone abnormalities - Answer hypertonicity, hypotonicity (reduced tone; noted by minimal
resistance to passive movement
fluctuating tone
reflex abnormalities - Answer with hypertonicity- hyperreflexia (overflexion of a limb)
clonus (alternate involuntary muscular contraction and relaxation in rapid succession)
overflow (
enhanced stretch reflex
and other signs of upper motor neuron lesions are present
Asterognosis - Answer not knowing by touch
ataxia - Answer staggered walking (gate)
athetoid - Answer involuntary and uncontrolled movement
AKA dyskinetic type
fluctuating tone and excessive movement
bronchopulmonary dysplasia - Answer chronic lung disorder
clonus - Answer repetitive movement that is involuntary
contracting and partial relaxing of muscles, believed to result from alteration of the
normal pattern of motor neuron discharge
contructure - Answer shortening of the muscle tissue when not in use, constantly being
flexed
dysarthria - Answer dysfunction in speech
equinovalgus - Answer disorder of lower extremities, eversion, abduction
gastroesophageal reflux - Answer heart burn
graphesthesia - Answer being able to distinguish with touch
Chapter 2 Exam Latest Update
hypertonicity - Answer more tone (stiff muscles, stiff body)
abnormal muscle tone felt as too much resistance to movement as a result of
hyperactive reflexes and loss of inhibiting influences from higher brain centers
primitive reflexes - Answer all of reflexes we have when were born
innate primary reactions found in newborns and indicative of severe brain damage if
present beyond their usual time of disappearance
diplegia - Answer a type of cerebral palsy
paralysis of two limbs
mostly lower extremities
hemiplegia - Answer paralysis of one side of the body, usually caused by a brain lesion,
such as a tumor, or a cerebrovascular accident
cerebral palsy - Answer a grouping of clinical syndromes that affect movement, muscle
tone, and coordination as a result of an injury or lesion of the immature brain
caused be the developing brain
characteristics of cerebral palsy - Answer occurs when the brain is still developing
can occur anytime during the prenatal, perinatal or postnatal period
Nonprogressive- no further worsening of childs condition or further damage to the
central nervous system
disorder in sensorimotor development that is manifested by abnormal muscle tone and
stereotypical patterns of movement
sensorimotor disorder originates specifically in the brain
lifelong disability
hypoxemia - Answer lack of oxygen to the brain
birth complications resulting in cerebral palsy are related to this becuase of a reduction
of umbilical or uterine blood flow
congenital cerebral palsy - Answer brain injury during intrauterine life has been
reported to be responsible for 70 to 80 percent of children who have cerebral palsy
, incidence and prevalence - Answer 1 out of 323 children
30 percent higher among African American childen
70 percent increase in middle and low income families as compared with upper class
areas
stable rate in cerebral palsy
multiple briths tend to result in infants who are smaller and premature
tone abnormalities - Answer hypertonicity, hypotonicity (reduced tone; noted by minimal
resistance to passive movement
fluctuating tone
reflex abnormalities - Answer with hypertonicity- hyperreflexia (overflexion of a limb)
clonus (alternate involuntary muscular contraction and relaxation in rapid succession)
overflow (
enhanced stretch reflex
and other signs of upper motor neuron lesions are present
Asterognosis - Answer not knowing by touch
ataxia - Answer staggered walking (gate)
athetoid - Answer involuntary and uncontrolled movement
AKA dyskinetic type
fluctuating tone and excessive movement
bronchopulmonary dysplasia - Answer chronic lung disorder
clonus - Answer repetitive movement that is involuntary
contracting and partial relaxing of muscles, believed to result from alteration of the
normal pattern of motor neuron discharge
contructure - Answer shortening of the muscle tissue when not in use, constantly being
flexed
dysarthria - Answer dysfunction in speech
equinovalgus - Answer disorder of lower extremities, eversion, abduction
gastroesophageal reflux - Answer heart burn
graphesthesia - Answer being able to distinguish with touch
