DMSG1321 Cross Sectional Anatomy MOD
3 Chapter 11 With Complete Solutions
What is the portal triad?
Composed of the
-hepatic artery
-portal vein
-bile duct
What is the portal triad surrounded by?
A sheath of connective tissue
Where does the portal triad course throughout?
The liver
What are the normal measurements of the portal vein (length)?
5-7 cm - 8.3 cm (mean)
What are the normal measurements of the portal vein (diameter)
13 mm - 11.6 mm (mean)
What are the normal measurements of the portal vein (preprandial)
1.45 mm
What are the normal measurements of the portal vein (postprandial)
1.48 mm
Why is the portal system unique?
It carries blood and nutrients from the bowel and abdominal organs to the liver
for metabolism and detoxification
What does the portal system include?
It includes all veins that drain blood from the spleen, pancreas, gallbladder, and
gastrointestinal tract. (Except the lower rectum)
What is the the portal vein formed by?
at the confluence of the splenic vein and SMV
Where is the portal vein located?
At the level of the second lumbar vertebra, directly posterior to the neck of the
pancreas and anterior to the IVC
The portal vein runs approximately ___ - ___ cm ? And in what direction?
5-6 cm
Rightward, posteriorly to the second portion of the duodenum.
, The second portion of the duodenum ascends to where? And what area?
The liver hilum
Area of the entrance and exit for the vessels, ducts, and nerves of the liver.
Which portal vein is longer and narrower than the other? Left or right?
Left
When the duodenum ascends to the liver hilum where does it divide into?
It divides into the right and left branches
And run alongside corresponding hepatic artery branches into the liver.
The portal veins terminates where ?
In the liver in the sinusoids
How many times is the portal veins blood filtered
Twice
How does the portal vein get the blood filtered?
1) it goes through the capillaries of the pancreas, spleen, gallbladder and
gastrointestinal tracts
2) through the liver called the sinusoids of the liver
The portal vein transports blood under ______ pressure ?
Low
Is portal vein blood
A) hepatopedal
B) hepatofugal
A) hepatopedal "flows towards the liver"
What sonographic applications does the IVC have
-portal hypertension (most common)
- detect tumor invasion
Detect thrombosis
What images must be included in the sonographic application for portal
hypertension
-Abdominal cavity
-Spleen
-liver
What is the sonographic appearance of the portal vein walls
- bright slightly echogenic
-lumen is anechoic
-flow is hepatopedal (red)
3 Chapter 11 With Complete Solutions
What is the portal triad?
Composed of the
-hepatic artery
-portal vein
-bile duct
What is the portal triad surrounded by?
A sheath of connective tissue
Where does the portal triad course throughout?
The liver
What are the normal measurements of the portal vein (length)?
5-7 cm - 8.3 cm (mean)
What are the normal measurements of the portal vein (diameter)
13 mm - 11.6 mm (mean)
What are the normal measurements of the portal vein (preprandial)
1.45 mm
What are the normal measurements of the portal vein (postprandial)
1.48 mm
Why is the portal system unique?
It carries blood and nutrients from the bowel and abdominal organs to the liver
for metabolism and detoxification
What does the portal system include?
It includes all veins that drain blood from the spleen, pancreas, gallbladder, and
gastrointestinal tract. (Except the lower rectum)
What is the the portal vein formed by?
at the confluence of the splenic vein and SMV
Where is the portal vein located?
At the level of the second lumbar vertebra, directly posterior to the neck of the
pancreas and anterior to the IVC
The portal vein runs approximately ___ - ___ cm ? And in what direction?
5-6 cm
Rightward, posteriorly to the second portion of the duodenum.
, The second portion of the duodenum ascends to where? And what area?
The liver hilum
Area of the entrance and exit for the vessels, ducts, and nerves of the liver.
Which portal vein is longer and narrower than the other? Left or right?
Left
When the duodenum ascends to the liver hilum where does it divide into?
It divides into the right and left branches
And run alongside corresponding hepatic artery branches into the liver.
The portal veins terminates where ?
In the liver in the sinusoids
How many times is the portal veins blood filtered
Twice
How does the portal vein get the blood filtered?
1) it goes through the capillaries of the pancreas, spleen, gallbladder and
gastrointestinal tracts
2) through the liver called the sinusoids of the liver
The portal vein transports blood under ______ pressure ?
Low
Is portal vein blood
A) hepatopedal
B) hepatofugal
A) hepatopedal "flows towards the liver"
What sonographic applications does the IVC have
-portal hypertension (most common)
- detect tumor invasion
Detect thrombosis
What images must be included in the sonographic application for portal
hypertension
-Abdominal cavity
-Spleen
-liver
What is the sonographic appearance of the portal vein walls
- bright slightly echogenic
-lumen is anechoic
-flow is hepatopedal (red)
