NURS 280 Exam 2 questions n answers
graded A+
Which change would the nurse expect to see in the white blood cell differential of a client who has a
prolonged, severe intestinal helminth infestation?
A. Band neutrophils outnumber segmented neutrophils.
B. Macrophage count is low.
C. Monocyte count is high.
D. Eosinophil count is high. - correct answer ✔✔D. Eosinophil count is high
How do macrophages contribute to the neutrophilia that occurs in response to an acute bacterial
infection?
A. When invasion occurs, macrophages mature into neutrophils, increasing their circulating numbers.
B. Macrophages have only an indirect role in neutrophilia by secreting substances that reduce bone
marrow production of erythrocytes and platelets.
C. At the onset of invasion, macrophages secrete a colony-stimulating factor to induce the bone marrow
to increase production and release of neutrophils.
D. Inflammatory damage to macrophages allows release of proteolytic enzymes that enhance liver
production of all white blood cell types, including mature segmented neutrophils. - correct answer ✔✔C.
At the onset of invasion, macrophages secrete a colony-stimulating factor to induce the bone marrow to
increase production and release of neutrophils.
Which cells, products, or actions are involved in long-lasting immunity resulting from exposure to a
specific antigen? Select all that apply.
A. Antibody attenuation
B. Interleukin 10 (IL-10)
C. Memory B-cells
D. Monocyte maturation
E. Neutrophilia
F. Phagocytosis - correct answer ✔✔C. Memory B-cells
,D. Monocyte maturation
A nursing assistant in a nursing home reports to nurse that an 87-year-old nursing home client has a 6
inch reddened wound with pus draining from on his shin where he scratched it open yesterday. After
directly assessing the client's wound, what are the most relevant priority actions for the nurse to take?
Select all that apply.
A. Take a photo of the wound to show the primary health care provider when rounds are made 2 days
from now
B. Assess the client for signs and symptoms of systemic infection, including temperature elevation
C. Notify the primary health care provider now and request a prescription for antibiotic therapy
D. Ask the primary health care provider to prescribe a tetanus booster vaccination
E. Immediately obtain a specimen for culture and sensitivity testing
F. Cleanse the wound and apply a dry dressing to it - correct answer ✔✔A. Take a photo of the wound to
show the primary health care provider when rounds are made 2 days from now
B. Assess the client for signs and symptoms of systemic infection, including temperature elevation
C. Notify the primary health care provider now and request a prescription for antibiotic therapy
F. Cleanse the wound and apply a dry dressing to it
The white blood cell count with differential of a client undergoing preadmission testing before surgery
indicates a total count of 5,000 cells per cubic millimeter (mm3) of blood. Which of the follow differential
counts or percentages does the nurse report to the surgeon to prevent harm?
A. Eosinophils 300/mm3
B. Monocytes 600/mm3
C. Segmented neutrophils 2000/mm3
D. Lymphocytes 2100/mm3 - correct answer ✔✔C. Segmented neutrophils 2000/mm3
How do plasma cells provide immune protection?
A. They actively secrete immunoglobulins against specific antigens.
B. They interact with virgin B lymphocytes upon first exposure to an antigen, enhancing B-lymphocyte
sensitization.
C. They regulate the function of natural killer cells, preventing unnecessary damage or death to normal
health body cells.
, D. They are responsible for balancing helper cell activity with regulator T cell activity, ensuring that an
immunologic response can be mounted whenever the body is invaded by pathologic microorganisms but
limiting the response when the body receives antigens as drugs or food. - correct answer ✔✔A. They
actively secrete immunoglobulins against specific antigens.
Which part of the HIV infection process is disrupted by the antiretroviral drug class of protease
inhibitors?
A. Activating the viral enzyme "integrase" within the infected host's cells
B. Binding of the virus to the CD4+ receptor and either of the two co-receptors
C. Clipping the newly generated viral proteins into smaller functional pieces
D. Fusing of the newly created viral particle with the infected cell's membrane - correct answer ✔✔C.
Clipping the newly generated viral proteins into smaller functional pieces
Which statement made by the client with stage HIV-III disease (AIDS) whose CD4+ T-cell count has
increased from 125 cells/mm3 (0.2 X 109/L) to 400 cells/mm3 (0.2 X 109/L) indicates to the nurse that
more teaching is needed?
A. "Now my viral load is also probably lower."
B. "I am so relieved that my drug therapy is working."
C. "Although I am still HIV positive, at least I no longer have AIDS."
D. "This change means I am less likely to develop an opportunistic infection." - correct answer ✔✔C.
"Although I am still HIV positive, at least I no longer have AIDS."
The client on combination antiretroviral therapy calls the nurse to report that he is on vacation and the
bag with his drugs was accidentally left on the airplane and he missed all of yesterday's dosages. What
action does the nurse recommend?
A. Take today's dosages as normally prescribed and continue to follow your therapy program.
B. Don't worry. Unless you miss your drugs for 4 days consecutively, there is not a problem.
C. Take double doses of the drugs for the next 2 days and do not have sex for at least 4 days.
D. Go to the nearest emergency department and have an immediate blood test for assessment of viral
load. - correct answer ✔✔A. Take today's dosages as normally prescribed and continue to follow your
therapy program.
graded A+
Which change would the nurse expect to see in the white blood cell differential of a client who has a
prolonged, severe intestinal helminth infestation?
A. Band neutrophils outnumber segmented neutrophils.
B. Macrophage count is low.
C. Monocyte count is high.
D. Eosinophil count is high. - correct answer ✔✔D. Eosinophil count is high
How do macrophages contribute to the neutrophilia that occurs in response to an acute bacterial
infection?
A. When invasion occurs, macrophages mature into neutrophils, increasing their circulating numbers.
B. Macrophages have only an indirect role in neutrophilia by secreting substances that reduce bone
marrow production of erythrocytes and platelets.
C. At the onset of invasion, macrophages secrete a colony-stimulating factor to induce the bone marrow
to increase production and release of neutrophils.
D. Inflammatory damage to macrophages allows release of proteolytic enzymes that enhance liver
production of all white blood cell types, including mature segmented neutrophils. - correct answer ✔✔C.
At the onset of invasion, macrophages secrete a colony-stimulating factor to induce the bone marrow to
increase production and release of neutrophils.
Which cells, products, or actions are involved in long-lasting immunity resulting from exposure to a
specific antigen? Select all that apply.
A. Antibody attenuation
B. Interleukin 10 (IL-10)
C. Memory B-cells
D. Monocyte maturation
E. Neutrophilia
F. Phagocytosis - correct answer ✔✔C. Memory B-cells
,D. Monocyte maturation
A nursing assistant in a nursing home reports to nurse that an 87-year-old nursing home client has a 6
inch reddened wound with pus draining from on his shin where he scratched it open yesterday. After
directly assessing the client's wound, what are the most relevant priority actions for the nurse to take?
Select all that apply.
A. Take a photo of the wound to show the primary health care provider when rounds are made 2 days
from now
B. Assess the client for signs and symptoms of systemic infection, including temperature elevation
C. Notify the primary health care provider now and request a prescription for antibiotic therapy
D. Ask the primary health care provider to prescribe a tetanus booster vaccination
E. Immediately obtain a specimen for culture and sensitivity testing
F. Cleanse the wound and apply a dry dressing to it - correct answer ✔✔A. Take a photo of the wound to
show the primary health care provider when rounds are made 2 days from now
B. Assess the client for signs and symptoms of systemic infection, including temperature elevation
C. Notify the primary health care provider now and request a prescription for antibiotic therapy
F. Cleanse the wound and apply a dry dressing to it
The white blood cell count with differential of a client undergoing preadmission testing before surgery
indicates a total count of 5,000 cells per cubic millimeter (mm3) of blood. Which of the follow differential
counts or percentages does the nurse report to the surgeon to prevent harm?
A. Eosinophils 300/mm3
B. Monocytes 600/mm3
C. Segmented neutrophils 2000/mm3
D. Lymphocytes 2100/mm3 - correct answer ✔✔C. Segmented neutrophils 2000/mm3
How do plasma cells provide immune protection?
A. They actively secrete immunoglobulins against specific antigens.
B. They interact with virgin B lymphocytes upon first exposure to an antigen, enhancing B-lymphocyte
sensitization.
C. They regulate the function of natural killer cells, preventing unnecessary damage or death to normal
health body cells.
, D. They are responsible for balancing helper cell activity with regulator T cell activity, ensuring that an
immunologic response can be mounted whenever the body is invaded by pathologic microorganisms but
limiting the response when the body receives antigens as drugs or food. - correct answer ✔✔A. They
actively secrete immunoglobulins against specific antigens.
Which part of the HIV infection process is disrupted by the antiretroviral drug class of protease
inhibitors?
A. Activating the viral enzyme "integrase" within the infected host's cells
B. Binding of the virus to the CD4+ receptor and either of the two co-receptors
C. Clipping the newly generated viral proteins into smaller functional pieces
D. Fusing of the newly created viral particle with the infected cell's membrane - correct answer ✔✔C.
Clipping the newly generated viral proteins into smaller functional pieces
Which statement made by the client with stage HIV-III disease (AIDS) whose CD4+ T-cell count has
increased from 125 cells/mm3 (0.2 X 109/L) to 400 cells/mm3 (0.2 X 109/L) indicates to the nurse that
more teaching is needed?
A. "Now my viral load is also probably lower."
B. "I am so relieved that my drug therapy is working."
C. "Although I am still HIV positive, at least I no longer have AIDS."
D. "This change means I am less likely to develop an opportunistic infection." - correct answer ✔✔C.
"Although I am still HIV positive, at least I no longer have AIDS."
The client on combination antiretroviral therapy calls the nurse to report that he is on vacation and the
bag with his drugs was accidentally left on the airplane and he missed all of yesterday's dosages. What
action does the nurse recommend?
A. Take today's dosages as normally prescribed and continue to follow your therapy program.
B. Don't worry. Unless you miss your drugs for 4 days consecutively, there is not a problem.
C. Take double doses of the drugs for the next 2 days and do not have sex for at least 4 days.
D. Go to the nearest emergency department and have an immediate blood test for assessment of viral
load. - correct answer ✔✔A. Take today's dosages as normally prescribed and continue to follow your
therapy program.
