Anatomy and Physiology 101: Chapter 1 & 2 Exam

Anatomy - answer-The study of the structure of body parts anions - answer-an atom that has gained an electron, has a negative charge Atom - answer-Basic unit of matter Has mass and weight Atomic Number - answer-The number of protons in an element cations - answer-An atom that has lost an electron, has a positive charge cell - answer-Basic unit of life Characteristics of life - answer-Boundary maintenance, movement, responsiveness, growth, reproducing, digestion, metabolism, excretion chemical bonds - answer-the attractive forces that hold atoms together chemical energy - answer-Energy stored in chemical bonds colloids - answer-particles that are intermediate in size between those in solutions and suspensions Components of the homeostasis system - answer-Receptor, control center, effector, response Compounds - answer-2 or more elements chemically combined control center - answer-determines the set point at which the variable is maintained covalent bonds - answer-Bonds created by sharing 2 or more electrons with other atoms. Developmental Anatomy - answer-traces structural changes that occur throughout the life span Effectors - answer-Receives output from control center electrical energy - answer-The energy of moving electrical charges Electrons - answer-Negatively charged particles elements - answer-Any substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances Energy - answer-the ability to do work factors necessary for survival - answer-Nutrients, oxygen, atmosphere, water, body temperature ionic bond - answer-A chemical bond resulting from the attraction between oppositely charged ions. ions - answer-Charged atoms Isotopes - answer-atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons kinetic energy - answer-Energy of motion Macromolecules - answer-large molecules inside cells macroscopic - answer-the study of large body structures visible to the naked eye Matter - answer-Anything that has mass and takes up space mechanical energy - answer-Energy from moving matter Microscopic Anatomy - answer-deals with structures too small to be seen with the naked eye Mixtures - answer-a physical mix of two or more substances Molecular - answer-Biological molecules Ex: DNA, Proteins, Genes Molecules - answer-Groups of two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds Negative Feedback - answer-feedback that reduces the output of a system neutrons - answer-neutral particles that do not have an electrical charge nonpolar covalent bond - answer-a covalent bond in which the electrons are shared equally by the two atoms Nucleus - answer-Contains protons and neutrons organ system - answer-A group of organs that work together in performing vital body functions. Organisms - answer-Sum total of all structures working together to promote life Organization - answer-Sub-Atomic Atomic Molecular Organelles Cellular Tissue Organ Organ System Organism organs - answer-Groups of tissues that work together to perform a specific function or related functions pathological - answer-pertaining to the study of disease Physiology - answer-Study of function polar covalent bond - answer-A covalent bond in which electrons are not shared equally positive feedback - answer-The response enhances or exaggerates the original stimulus potential energy - answer-stored energy protons - answer-Positively charged particles radiant energy - answer-Energy that travels in waves Radiographic Anatomy - answer-investigates internal structures visualized by scanning procedures Receptor - answer-monitors the environment regional - answer-All structures in a particular region of the body response - answer-Acts to reduce or enhance the stimulus solutes - answer-dissolved substances