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H3 – Stofwisseling in de Cel | Samenvatting Biologie (Biologie Voor Jou)

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Deze samenvatting behandelt hoofdstuk 3 van Biologie (Biologie Voor Jou), "Stofwisseling in de Cel." Het biedt een overzicht van metabolisme, enzymwerking, koolstofassimilatie, voortgezette assimilatie, en dissimilatie. Ideaal voor 5 VWO-leerlingen die snel en effectief willen leren. Met duidelijke uitleg, schema’s en formules is dit document perfect om de stof te begrijpen en je goed voor te bereiden op de toets!

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Secondary school
Level
Course
School year
5

Document information

Summarized whole book?
No
Which chapters are summarized?
Hoofdstuk 3
Uploaded on
November 20, 2024
Number of pages
16
Written in
2024/2025
Type
Summary

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Biologie
5 VWO



H2 – Stofwisseling in de cel




Biologie Voor Jou
1
©SeO

, Inhoudsopgave

3.1 Chemie in cellen .................................................................................................................. 3
Metabolisme ......................................................................................................................................................................... 3
(An)organische stoffen ........................................................................................................................................................ 3
Assimilatie & Dissimilatie ................................................................................................................................................... 3
Energiedragers ...................................................................................................................................................................... 4

3.2 Enzymen .............................................................................................................................. 5
Bouw en werking enzym ..................................................................................................................................................... 5
Cofactor ............................................................................................................................................................................... 6
Activeringsenergie ................................................................................................................................................................ 6
Enzymactiviteit .................................................................................................................................................................... 7

3.3 Koolstofassimilatie .............................................................................................................. 8
Bouw en werking enzym ..................................................................................................................................................... 8
Reactieketens........................................................................................................................................................................ 8
Chemosynthese .................................................................................................................................................................. 10

3.4 Voortgezette assimilatie.................................................................................................... 11
Assimilatie van koolhydraten ............................................................................................................................................ 11
Assimilatie van eiwitten ..................................................................................................................................................... 12
Assimilatie van vetten (lipiden) ......................................................................................................................................... 13

3.5 Dissimilatie ........................................................................................................................ 14
Aerobe dissimilatie ............................................................................................................................................................. 14
Anaerobe dissimilatie van glucose ..................................................................................................................................... 15
Anaerobe dissimilatie van koolhydraten, eiwitten en vetten ........................................................................................... 15

Binas ......................................................................................................................................... 16




2
©SeO

, 3.1 Chemie in cellen
Metabolisme
Stofwisseling (metabolisme) = Chemische omzettingsprocessen in een organisme (mede mogelijk gemaakt
door enzymen).

Stofwisselingsprocessen die in rust doorgaan = Basale metabolisme

(An)organische stoffen
Stoffen zijn in 2 groepen te verdelen:
• Organische stoffen – C én H (en vaak O), binding met veel energie
• Anorganische stoffen – C óf H, binding met weinig energie

Assimilatie & Dissimilatie
Stofwisselingsprocessen zijn in 2 groepen te verdelen:
• Opbouw: Assimilatie
Doel: Vorming van organische stoffen waaruit individu bestaat
Energie: Benodigd
Voorbeeld: Koolstofassimilatie (= fotosynthese), C6H12O6 (glucose) uit CO2 + H2O

• Afbraak: Dissimilatie
Doel: Vorming van organische stoffen waaruit individu bestaat
Energie: Komt vrij
Voorbeeld: Verbranding




Voortgezette assimilatie (par 3.4) = Glucose is grondstof voor vorming van andere koolhydraten, vetten,
eiwitten, DNA.

Autotroof = Zelf energie kunnen maken (planten)
Heterotroof = Energie uit voeding van organismen (dieren, mensen, bacteriën, schimmels)




3
©SeO

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