MIC 205 EXAM 3 DAYDIF ASU
2024/2025 COMPLETE WITH VERIFIED
QUESTIONS AND 100% CORRECT ANSWERS
Prion Characteristics - ANSWER-single protein, two stable tertiary structures, mammals contain gene,
excess PrP production or mutations in Prp gene, cause newly synthesized cellular form to refold into
prion form
Prion diseases - ANSWER-only destroyed by incineration
Drugs - ANSWER-are used to control the growth of microorganisms in the body/ chemicals that affect
physiology
Controlling microbial growth in the body - ANSWER-incineration, UV rays from sunlight, Pressure
Chemotherapeutic Agents - ANSWER-drugs that act against diseases; antimicrobials designed to treat
infections
Drug examples - ANSWER-Penicillin (antibacterial); tylenol (pain med); insulin (sugar control); birth
control pills; zanax; viagra; caffiene; THC/Acid
Paul Ehrlich - ANSWER-Salvarsan (arsphenamine) 1910- first modern chemotherapeutic agent; arsenic
compound used to treat syphilis
Alexander Fleming - ANSWER-Penicillin 1929- not available routinely until late 1940's; produced by
penicillium mold
Gerhard Domagk - ANSWER-Sulfanilamide 1932- first widely available and practical antimicrobial agent;
inhibits metabolic synthesis of DNA and RNA nucleotides
Selective toxicity - ANSWER-key factor for antimicrobial action in the body; kill the pathogen but not the
host
, MIC 205 EXAM 3 DAYDIF ASU
2024/2025 COMPLETE WITH VERIFIED
QUESTIONS AND 100% CORRECT ANSWERS
Inhibition of cell wall synthesis - ANSWER-prevent cross-linkage of NAM in newly synthesized bacterial
cell walls; no effect on existing peptidoglycan; growing cells; no effect on plant/animal cells
Beta lactams - ANSWER-most prominent in this group; functional of molecules are beta lactam rings
beta lactam rings - ANSWER-binds to enzymes that cross link NAM subunits; cause bacteria to have
weakened cell walls and eventually lyse
Semisynthetic derivatives of beta-lactams - ANSWER-more stable in acidic environments; more readily
absorbed; less susceptible to deactivation; more active against more types of bacteria
Inhibition of Protein synthesis - ANSWER-prokaryotic ribosomes are 70s; selectively targeting and
inhibiting translation
Protein synthesis examples - ANSWER-streptomycin; tetracyclines; erythromycin;
Disruption of cytoplasmic membranes - ANSWER-incorporated into the cytoplasmic membrane and
damage its integrity
Amphotericin B - ANSWER-attaches to ergosterol found in fungal membranes- antifungal agent
Sulfa drugs - ANSWER-inhibit metabolic pathways used for biosynthesis of DNA and RNA nulceotides
Broad spectrum drugs - ANSWER-may allow for secondary or superinfections to develop (killing of
normal flora reduces microbial antagonism)
External Infections: - ANSWER-topical(local)- direct application of creams and pastes to the skin
, MIC 205 EXAM 3 DAYDIF ASU
2024/2025 COMPLETE WITH VERIFIED
QUESTIONS AND 100% CORRECT ANSWERS
Internal Infections: - ANSWER-Oral-simple, but patients struggle following directions
Intramuscular- direct injection into muscle tissue
Intravenous- direct administration into blood stream via needle/catheter; achieves highest levels of drug
in body in shortest amount of time
Toxicity - ANSWER-kidneys, liver, nerves
Tetracylcine - ANSWER-froms calcium complexes that damage teeth and bones
allergies - ANSWER-rare, but can be life threatening
Disruption of normal flora - ANSWER-yeast infections: overgrowth of Candida albicans in the vagina or
mouth
Pseudomembranous colitis: overgrowth of Clastridium difficile in colon due to clindamycin and
cepahlosporin antibiotics
Development of Resistant Organisms - ANSWER-bacteria acquire drug resistance in two way;
spontaneous mutations of chromosomal genes/ acquisition of antibiotic resistance plasmids via
transformation, transduction, and conjugation
Bacterial Resistance Mechanisms - ANSWER-production of an enzyme that inactivates or destroys an
antibiotic, ability to produce beta lactamase enzyme, prevention of drug entry, alteration of the drugs
receptor, alteration of the cells metabolic chemistry, proteins that pump drugs out of the cell
High concentration of drug maintained in patient for long enough time to kill all sensitive cells and inhibit
others long enough for the immune system to destroy them - ANSWER-Methods for retarding resistance
Use antimicrobial agents in combination(synergism) - ANSWER-methods for retarding resistance
2024/2025 COMPLETE WITH VERIFIED
QUESTIONS AND 100% CORRECT ANSWERS
Prion Characteristics - ANSWER-single protein, two stable tertiary structures, mammals contain gene,
excess PrP production or mutations in Prp gene, cause newly synthesized cellular form to refold into
prion form
Prion diseases - ANSWER-only destroyed by incineration
Drugs - ANSWER-are used to control the growth of microorganisms in the body/ chemicals that affect
physiology
Controlling microbial growth in the body - ANSWER-incineration, UV rays from sunlight, Pressure
Chemotherapeutic Agents - ANSWER-drugs that act against diseases; antimicrobials designed to treat
infections
Drug examples - ANSWER-Penicillin (antibacterial); tylenol (pain med); insulin (sugar control); birth
control pills; zanax; viagra; caffiene; THC/Acid
Paul Ehrlich - ANSWER-Salvarsan (arsphenamine) 1910- first modern chemotherapeutic agent; arsenic
compound used to treat syphilis
Alexander Fleming - ANSWER-Penicillin 1929- not available routinely until late 1940's; produced by
penicillium mold
Gerhard Domagk - ANSWER-Sulfanilamide 1932- first widely available and practical antimicrobial agent;
inhibits metabolic synthesis of DNA and RNA nucleotides
Selective toxicity - ANSWER-key factor for antimicrobial action in the body; kill the pathogen but not the
host
, MIC 205 EXAM 3 DAYDIF ASU
2024/2025 COMPLETE WITH VERIFIED
QUESTIONS AND 100% CORRECT ANSWERS
Inhibition of cell wall synthesis - ANSWER-prevent cross-linkage of NAM in newly synthesized bacterial
cell walls; no effect on existing peptidoglycan; growing cells; no effect on plant/animal cells
Beta lactams - ANSWER-most prominent in this group; functional of molecules are beta lactam rings
beta lactam rings - ANSWER-binds to enzymes that cross link NAM subunits; cause bacteria to have
weakened cell walls and eventually lyse
Semisynthetic derivatives of beta-lactams - ANSWER-more stable in acidic environments; more readily
absorbed; less susceptible to deactivation; more active against more types of bacteria
Inhibition of Protein synthesis - ANSWER-prokaryotic ribosomes are 70s; selectively targeting and
inhibiting translation
Protein synthesis examples - ANSWER-streptomycin; tetracyclines; erythromycin;
Disruption of cytoplasmic membranes - ANSWER-incorporated into the cytoplasmic membrane and
damage its integrity
Amphotericin B - ANSWER-attaches to ergosterol found in fungal membranes- antifungal agent
Sulfa drugs - ANSWER-inhibit metabolic pathways used for biosynthesis of DNA and RNA nulceotides
Broad spectrum drugs - ANSWER-may allow for secondary or superinfections to develop (killing of
normal flora reduces microbial antagonism)
External Infections: - ANSWER-topical(local)- direct application of creams and pastes to the skin
, MIC 205 EXAM 3 DAYDIF ASU
2024/2025 COMPLETE WITH VERIFIED
QUESTIONS AND 100% CORRECT ANSWERS
Internal Infections: - ANSWER-Oral-simple, but patients struggle following directions
Intramuscular- direct injection into muscle tissue
Intravenous- direct administration into blood stream via needle/catheter; achieves highest levels of drug
in body in shortest amount of time
Toxicity - ANSWER-kidneys, liver, nerves
Tetracylcine - ANSWER-froms calcium complexes that damage teeth and bones
allergies - ANSWER-rare, but can be life threatening
Disruption of normal flora - ANSWER-yeast infections: overgrowth of Candida albicans in the vagina or
mouth
Pseudomembranous colitis: overgrowth of Clastridium difficile in colon due to clindamycin and
cepahlosporin antibiotics
Development of Resistant Organisms - ANSWER-bacteria acquire drug resistance in two way;
spontaneous mutations of chromosomal genes/ acquisition of antibiotic resistance plasmids via
transformation, transduction, and conjugation
Bacterial Resistance Mechanisms - ANSWER-production of an enzyme that inactivates or destroys an
antibiotic, ability to produce beta lactamase enzyme, prevention of drug entry, alteration of the drugs
receptor, alteration of the cells metabolic chemistry, proteins that pump drugs out of the cell
High concentration of drug maintained in patient for long enough time to kill all sensitive cells and inhibit
others long enough for the immune system to destroy them - ANSWER-Methods for retarding resistance
Use antimicrobial agents in combination(synergism) - ANSWER-methods for retarding resistance
