©BRIGHTSTARS EXAM SOLUTIONS
11/16/2024 10:16 AM
PHS3300 Neoplasia Exam Questions With
Correct Answers
Neoplasia - answer✔abnormal cell growth. can be benign and malignant
encompasses more than just cancer.
cancer - focus on malignant - what is cancer? what are some normal signals for cancer cells
between one another? what is it about their abnormal morphology? - answer✔defined abo0ut
their ability to grow autonomously - no external stimulus to perforate
Defined about their ability to grow autonomously - no external stimulus to
perforate
Normal signals for cancer cells - b/w one another or soluble mechanisms to promote cell
growth + replacement
Abnormal morphology, cancer cells are often based on the nucleus of the
cell
cancer encompasses multiple diseases
what can nuceli of cancer cells be used for? - answer✔Nuclei are used to defined whether the
cell is cancerous or not
what defines cancer as malignant - answer✔invasion of local tissue and escape from the site of
origin.
1|Page
, ©BRIGHTSTARS EXAM SOLUTIONS
11/16/2024 10:16 AM
Must invade locally
§ Tissue - neoplastic growth, cells together
§ Always a basement membrane, one/two layers surrounding it
• If hyperproliferative, sometimes will not be malignant
o When it invades the basement membrane, that's when
they're malignant
o Can go past the tissue, can set up new cells outside
how are cancers classified? - answer✔on the basis of the tissue from which they develop
carcinomas (largest group - epethilial cells) - what are the 3 groups that belong to carcinomas? -
answer✔adenocarcinomas, squamous cell carcinomas, and miscellaneous carcinomas
adenocarcinomas - answer✔Regenerate in a secreting function
§ Lungs
§ Colon
§ Breast - milk
§ Pancreas - insulin, etc.
squamous cell carcinomas - answer✔Protective cells
o Skin
o Nasal cavity- associated w an entry point into the body - orifice
o Oropharynx
o Larynx
o Lung - cells can be very different, secretory, non-secretory, protective, etc.
misciallanoeus carcinomas - answer✔Renal-cell carcinoma
o Not secretory nor protective, etc.
carcinomas account for what percenatge of cancer (and cancer related deaths) - answer✔>90%
of cancers- 80% of cancer
2|Page
, ©BRIGHTSTARS EXAM SOLUTIONS
11/16/2024 10:16 AM
related deaths
sarcomas - what are they? how rare are they? provide a few examples - answer✔Cancers that
arise in the connective tissue cells, including bones, ligaments, and muscles.
Very rare - 1% of tumors
o Osteosarcoma - bone cancer
o Liposarcoma - fat
o Leiomyosarcoma - muscle, etc.
Neuroectodermal malignancies - 1% of cancers, 2.5% cancer related deaths
what is the most common type?
what are some other types? - answer✔Arise in the brain + nerve cells
glioblastoma - Glial cell tumors
o Astrocytoma - astrocytes
o Meningioma - meningeal cells
o Retinoblastoma - interesting type of neuroectodermal cells - How cancer arise - definition of a
tumor suppressor protein
Neuroectodermal malignancies - when are they most common? what about for
retinoblastoma?
overall, are Neuroectodermal malignancies treatable? - answer✔Found in young children
o Except for retinoblastoma to find early - familial disease
3|Page
, ©BRIGHTSTARS EXAM SOLUTIONS
11/16/2024 10:16 AM
Central + peripheral nervous system cells 1% of cancer
• Not very treatable - comprise 2.5% cancer-related deaths
Hematopoietic Malignancies - answer✔tumors that affect the blood, bone marrow, lymph, and
lymphatic system.
leukemia - answer✔cancer of white blood cells
describe how leukemia arrises and the different types of leukemia that can arrise -
answer✔Begins w multipotential hematopoietic stem cell - hemocytoblast
§ Daughter cells will go to myeloid lineage OR lymphoid lineage
Myeloid - mast cell, to thrombocytes, myeloblast to basophils,
neutrophils, eosinophils, monocyte to macrophages
Lymphoid - natural killer cell, small lymphocyte- t lymphocyte, b
lymphocyte - plasma cell - MM
• Depending on where the mutation takes place, can arise different kinds of leukemias
o Myelogenous leukemias - bone marrow
o Lymphocytic leukemias
multiple myloma - answer✔Plasma cell malignancies
Plasma cells are transformed and secreting more and more antibodies
Hodgkin's disease - answer✔Hodgkin's lymphoma is a type of cancer that affects the lymphatic
system, which is part of the body's germ-fighting immune system. In Hodgkin's lymphoma,
white blood cells called lymphocytes grow out of control, causing swollen lymph nodes and
growths throughout the body.
4|Page
11/16/2024 10:16 AM
PHS3300 Neoplasia Exam Questions With
Correct Answers
Neoplasia - answer✔abnormal cell growth. can be benign and malignant
encompasses more than just cancer.
cancer - focus on malignant - what is cancer? what are some normal signals for cancer cells
between one another? what is it about their abnormal morphology? - answer✔defined abo0ut
their ability to grow autonomously - no external stimulus to perforate
Defined about their ability to grow autonomously - no external stimulus to
perforate
Normal signals for cancer cells - b/w one another or soluble mechanisms to promote cell
growth + replacement
Abnormal morphology, cancer cells are often based on the nucleus of the
cell
cancer encompasses multiple diseases
what can nuceli of cancer cells be used for? - answer✔Nuclei are used to defined whether the
cell is cancerous or not
what defines cancer as malignant - answer✔invasion of local tissue and escape from the site of
origin.
1|Page
, ©BRIGHTSTARS EXAM SOLUTIONS
11/16/2024 10:16 AM
Must invade locally
§ Tissue - neoplastic growth, cells together
§ Always a basement membrane, one/two layers surrounding it
• If hyperproliferative, sometimes will not be malignant
o When it invades the basement membrane, that's when
they're malignant
o Can go past the tissue, can set up new cells outside
how are cancers classified? - answer✔on the basis of the tissue from which they develop
carcinomas (largest group - epethilial cells) - what are the 3 groups that belong to carcinomas? -
answer✔adenocarcinomas, squamous cell carcinomas, and miscellaneous carcinomas
adenocarcinomas - answer✔Regenerate in a secreting function
§ Lungs
§ Colon
§ Breast - milk
§ Pancreas - insulin, etc.
squamous cell carcinomas - answer✔Protective cells
o Skin
o Nasal cavity- associated w an entry point into the body - orifice
o Oropharynx
o Larynx
o Lung - cells can be very different, secretory, non-secretory, protective, etc.
misciallanoeus carcinomas - answer✔Renal-cell carcinoma
o Not secretory nor protective, etc.
carcinomas account for what percenatge of cancer (and cancer related deaths) - answer✔>90%
of cancers- 80% of cancer
2|Page
, ©BRIGHTSTARS EXAM SOLUTIONS
11/16/2024 10:16 AM
related deaths
sarcomas - what are they? how rare are they? provide a few examples - answer✔Cancers that
arise in the connective tissue cells, including bones, ligaments, and muscles.
Very rare - 1% of tumors
o Osteosarcoma - bone cancer
o Liposarcoma - fat
o Leiomyosarcoma - muscle, etc.
Neuroectodermal malignancies - 1% of cancers, 2.5% cancer related deaths
what is the most common type?
what are some other types? - answer✔Arise in the brain + nerve cells
glioblastoma - Glial cell tumors
o Astrocytoma - astrocytes
o Meningioma - meningeal cells
o Retinoblastoma - interesting type of neuroectodermal cells - How cancer arise - definition of a
tumor suppressor protein
Neuroectodermal malignancies - when are they most common? what about for
retinoblastoma?
overall, are Neuroectodermal malignancies treatable? - answer✔Found in young children
o Except for retinoblastoma to find early - familial disease
3|Page
, ©BRIGHTSTARS EXAM SOLUTIONS
11/16/2024 10:16 AM
Central + peripheral nervous system cells 1% of cancer
• Not very treatable - comprise 2.5% cancer-related deaths
Hematopoietic Malignancies - answer✔tumors that affect the blood, bone marrow, lymph, and
lymphatic system.
leukemia - answer✔cancer of white blood cells
describe how leukemia arrises and the different types of leukemia that can arrise -
answer✔Begins w multipotential hematopoietic stem cell - hemocytoblast
§ Daughter cells will go to myeloid lineage OR lymphoid lineage
Myeloid - mast cell, to thrombocytes, myeloblast to basophils,
neutrophils, eosinophils, monocyte to macrophages
Lymphoid - natural killer cell, small lymphocyte- t lymphocyte, b
lymphocyte - plasma cell - MM
• Depending on where the mutation takes place, can arise different kinds of leukemias
o Myelogenous leukemias - bone marrow
o Lymphocytic leukemias
multiple myloma - answer✔Plasma cell malignancies
Plasma cells are transformed and secreting more and more antibodies
Hodgkin's disease - answer✔Hodgkin's lymphoma is a type of cancer that affects the lymphatic
system, which is part of the body's germ-fighting immune system. In Hodgkin's lymphoma,
white blood cells called lymphocytes grow out of control, causing swollen lymph nodes and
growths throughout the body.
4|Page
