©BRIGHTSTARS EXAM SOLUTIONS
11/16/2024 10:16 AM
PHS4300 NEUROPATHOPHYSIOLOGY
Exam Questions With Correct Answers
What structures is the brainstem composed of? - answer✔Medulla, pons, midbrain.
What structures is the diencephalon composed of? - answer✔Thalamus & hypothalamus.
What is the cerebrum composed of? - answer✔Basal ganglia & cerebral cortex.
Where does all perception & voluntary move'nt derive from? - answer✔Cerebral cortex.
What structures help the motor areas of the cerebral cortex to execute the complex task of
producing move'nt? - answer✔Cerebellum & basal ganglia.
What structures have reflex circuits for automatic responses to sensory stimuli? -
answer✔Brainstem & spinal cord.
Tactile anesthesia (inability to feel object in hand) would result from damage to _____ (which
carry sensory info to primary somatosensory cortex for perception). - answer✔Touch sensory
neurons of hand.
Tactile agnosia (inability to identify object in hand w eyes closed) would result from damage to
______. - answer✔Somatosensory association cortex.
Why does cerebral palsy occur? - answer✔Abnorm development of motor control areas of
cerebrum.
What is Huntington's disease? - answer✔Degenerative disease of basal ganglia causing
involuntary move'nt.
What is spina bifida? - answer✔Congenital birth defect in which vertebrae are not protecting
spinal cord.
What occurs in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis? - answer✔Degeneration of upper and lower
motoneurons producing paralysis.
What occurs in myasthenia gravis? - answer✔Ab attack ACh receptors on skeletal muscle.
1|Page
, ©BRIGHTSTARS EXAM SOLUTIONS
11/16/2024 10:16 AM
What is a viral infection that damages spinal motoneurons? - answer✔Poliomyelitis.
What is a viral or bacterial infection of the meninges which can damage the underlying nervous
tissue? - answer✔Meningitis.
What is a bacterial infection which kills neurons forming the dorsal roots and dorsal columns? -
answer✔Neurosyphyllis.
Are tumors derived from glial cells or neurons? - answer✔Glial cells.
In which way can neural activity be disrupted w regards to vascular events? - answer✔Ischemic
stroke due to vessel occlusion or hemorrhagic stroke due to ruptured aneurysm.
How can neural activity be disrupted w regards to metabolic events? - answer✔Blood toxins
from renal failure, diabetic ketoacidosis, lack of Vit B12 needed for myelination).
What is a major excitatory NT? - answer✔Glutamate.
What is a major inhibitory NT? - answer✔GABA.
In which 2 areas is the blood-brain barrier absent? - answer✔Brainstem vomiting center &
hypothalamus.
After how many mins without blood supply do neurons die? (Compared w 20 mins for heart & 6
hrs for skeletal muscle). - answer✔5
What is the purpose of the circle of Willis? - answer✔Compensation for blockage of internal
carotid artery - otherwise: stroke.
What % of CO does brain use at rest? - answer✔20%
What can be transported thru endothelial cell wall (blood-brain barrier)? - answer✔Most lipid
insoluble nutrients or metabolic products.
A ruptured aneurysm leads to a ____ stroke while occlusion leads to an _____ stroke. -
answer✔Hemorrhagic
Ischemic
An aneurysm is due to a ___(weak/strong) arterial wall that stretches & can burst leading to
internal bleeding and a _____ _____. - answer✔Weak
Hemorrhagic stroke.
What stimulant drug increases BP & risk of bursting aneurysm? - answer✔Cocaine.
2|Page
11/16/2024 10:16 AM
PHS4300 NEUROPATHOPHYSIOLOGY
Exam Questions With Correct Answers
What structures is the brainstem composed of? - answer✔Medulla, pons, midbrain.
What structures is the diencephalon composed of? - answer✔Thalamus & hypothalamus.
What is the cerebrum composed of? - answer✔Basal ganglia & cerebral cortex.
Where does all perception & voluntary move'nt derive from? - answer✔Cerebral cortex.
What structures help the motor areas of the cerebral cortex to execute the complex task of
producing move'nt? - answer✔Cerebellum & basal ganglia.
What structures have reflex circuits for automatic responses to sensory stimuli? -
answer✔Brainstem & spinal cord.
Tactile anesthesia (inability to feel object in hand) would result from damage to _____ (which
carry sensory info to primary somatosensory cortex for perception). - answer✔Touch sensory
neurons of hand.
Tactile agnosia (inability to identify object in hand w eyes closed) would result from damage to
______. - answer✔Somatosensory association cortex.
Why does cerebral palsy occur? - answer✔Abnorm development of motor control areas of
cerebrum.
What is Huntington's disease? - answer✔Degenerative disease of basal ganglia causing
involuntary move'nt.
What is spina bifida? - answer✔Congenital birth defect in which vertebrae are not protecting
spinal cord.
What occurs in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis? - answer✔Degeneration of upper and lower
motoneurons producing paralysis.
What occurs in myasthenia gravis? - answer✔Ab attack ACh receptors on skeletal muscle.
1|Page
, ©BRIGHTSTARS EXAM SOLUTIONS
11/16/2024 10:16 AM
What is a viral infection that damages spinal motoneurons? - answer✔Poliomyelitis.
What is a viral or bacterial infection of the meninges which can damage the underlying nervous
tissue? - answer✔Meningitis.
What is a bacterial infection which kills neurons forming the dorsal roots and dorsal columns? -
answer✔Neurosyphyllis.
Are tumors derived from glial cells or neurons? - answer✔Glial cells.
In which way can neural activity be disrupted w regards to vascular events? - answer✔Ischemic
stroke due to vessel occlusion or hemorrhagic stroke due to ruptured aneurysm.
How can neural activity be disrupted w regards to metabolic events? - answer✔Blood toxins
from renal failure, diabetic ketoacidosis, lack of Vit B12 needed for myelination).
What is a major excitatory NT? - answer✔Glutamate.
What is a major inhibitory NT? - answer✔GABA.
In which 2 areas is the blood-brain barrier absent? - answer✔Brainstem vomiting center &
hypothalamus.
After how many mins without blood supply do neurons die? (Compared w 20 mins for heart & 6
hrs for skeletal muscle). - answer✔5
What is the purpose of the circle of Willis? - answer✔Compensation for blockage of internal
carotid artery - otherwise: stroke.
What % of CO does brain use at rest? - answer✔20%
What can be transported thru endothelial cell wall (blood-brain barrier)? - answer✔Most lipid
insoluble nutrients or metabolic products.
A ruptured aneurysm leads to a ____ stroke while occlusion leads to an _____ stroke. -
answer✔Hemorrhagic
Ischemic
An aneurysm is due to a ___(weak/strong) arterial wall that stretches & can burst leading to
internal bleeding and a _____ _____. - answer✔Weak
Hemorrhagic stroke.
What stimulant drug increases BP & risk of bursting aneurysm? - answer✔Cocaine.
2|Page
