DANB Review: Infection Control (ICE)
Study Guide Solutions
Pathogens - ANSWER✔✔-Microbes that cause disease
Most common oral diseases - ANSWER✔✔-Dental caries (decay) and periodontal
disease.
Microbiology - ANSWER✔✔-The study of microorganisms
Nonpathogenic - ANSWER✔✔-Pertaining to microorganisms that do not produce
disease
Endospores - ANSWER✔✔-bacterial spore that can survive harsh conditions
Pasteurization - ANSWER✔✔-Treating a substance with heat to kill or slow the growth
of pathogens
Prions - ANSWER✔✔-infectious proteins
Bacteria - ANSWER✔✔-When bacteria from one part of the body invade another part
opportunistic infection - ANSWER✔✔-caused by a pathogen that does not normally
produce an illness in healthy humans
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,Streptococci - ANSWER✔✔-bacteria that form a chain and cause infections like
pharyngitis(strep throat), tonsillitis, pneumonia, and endocarditis.
Staphylococcus - ANSWER✔✔-Irregular Grape-like clusters causing boils, skin
infections, endocarditis, and pneumonia.
Bacilli - ANSWER✔✔-Rod shaped bacteria that causes tuberculosis.
Spirochetes - ANSWER✔✔-Spiral shaped bacteria that cause Lyme disease, and
syphilis.
Aerobes - ANSWER✔✔-Bacteria that require oxygen to grow
Anaerobes - ANSWER✔✔-Bacteria that grow in the absence of oxygen and are
destroyed by oxygen
Virulent - ANSWER✔✔-Capable of causing serious disease
Spores - ANSWER✔✔-A tiny cell that is able to grow into a new organism
Viruses - ANSWER✔✔-The smallest pathogens that can cause fatal disease.
Specificity - ANSWER✔✔-Viruses just have this for particular cell types to replicate.
(Pickiness)
Latent - ANSWER✔✔-Virus that remains dormant in the body for years
provirus (prophage) - ANSWER✔✔-Virus that becomes integrated into the nucleic acid
of the host cell.
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,Characteristics of a virus - ANSWER✔✔-Can only be treated symptomatically, cannot
be destroyed by antibiotics, viruses produce different types of infection. Viruses can
mutate and change making it hard to develop a vaccine.
Hepatitis A - ANSWER✔✔-Ends in a vowel, comes from the bowel(fecal-oral).
The leasts serious and a vaccine is available.
Hepatitis B (HBV) - ANSWER✔✔-Blood - borne disease caused by the Hepatitis Virus
that can lead to serious liver disease, cirrhosis, and prolonged illness. There is a
preventive vaccine.
Hepatitis C (HCV) - ANSWER✔✔-Transmitted through Blood transfusions, IV drug
use, or a cut in the skin. There is no vaccine or cure so it is a chronic disease.
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) - ANSWER✔✔-Caused by human
immunodeficiency virus, sexually transmitted disease.
Hepatitis D (HDV) - ANSWER✔✔-A defective virus that cannot replicate itself without
the presence of HBV. Where there is Hep B there could be this. Greater risk for death
when infected with both. The vaccines for HBV also prevent HDV.
Hepatitis E (HEV) - ANSWER✔✔-Ends in a vowel, comes from the bowel. Transmitted
by the fecal/oral route through contaminated food or water.
Herpes simplex virus type 1 - ANSWER✔✔-the form of herpes that generates cold sores
or fever blisters around the mouth
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, Primary herpes - ANSWER✔✔-Highly contagious oral herpes characterized by a slight
fever, pain in the mouth, increased salivation, bad breath, and feeling ill among
children.
Herpes simplex type 2 - ANSWER✔✔-Common viral infection that is characterized by
localized blistering that secrete a syrup like fluid
Herpes zoster virus - ANSWER✔✔-chickenpox and shingles
H1N1 flu - ANSWER✔✔-Swine flu, respiratory disease from pigs.
Tuberculosis - ANSWER✔✔-Leading cause of death from infectious diseases
worldwide.
Tetanus - ANSWER✔✔-Lockjaw. Caused by the bacterium Clostridium tetani.
Syphilis - ANSWER✔✔-Treponema pallidum spirochetes, contact with oral lesions can
cause a painless ulcerating sore( chancre) which is infectious on contact.
MRSA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) - ANSWER✔✔-affects the skin,
causing "boils" and abscesses
pandemic disease - ANSWER✔✔-An epidemic disease that occurs worldwide
Infection control - ANSWER✔✔-Policies and practices designed to prevent the spread
of infectious agents
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Study Guide Solutions
Pathogens - ANSWER✔✔-Microbes that cause disease
Most common oral diseases - ANSWER✔✔-Dental caries (decay) and periodontal
disease.
Microbiology - ANSWER✔✔-The study of microorganisms
Nonpathogenic - ANSWER✔✔-Pertaining to microorganisms that do not produce
disease
Endospores - ANSWER✔✔-bacterial spore that can survive harsh conditions
Pasteurization - ANSWER✔✔-Treating a substance with heat to kill or slow the growth
of pathogens
Prions - ANSWER✔✔-infectious proteins
Bacteria - ANSWER✔✔-When bacteria from one part of the body invade another part
opportunistic infection - ANSWER✔✔-caused by a pathogen that does not normally
produce an illness in healthy humans
Copyright ©SOPHIABENNETT 2025. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
Page 1/33
,Streptococci - ANSWER✔✔-bacteria that form a chain and cause infections like
pharyngitis(strep throat), tonsillitis, pneumonia, and endocarditis.
Staphylococcus - ANSWER✔✔-Irregular Grape-like clusters causing boils, skin
infections, endocarditis, and pneumonia.
Bacilli - ANSWER✔✔-Rod shaped bacteria that causes tuberculosis.
Spirochetes - ANSWER✔✔-Spiral shaped bacteria that cause Lyme disease, and
syphilis.
Aerobes - ANSWER✔✔-Bacteria that require oxygen to grow
Anaerobes - ANSWER✔✔-Bacteria that grow in the absence of oxygen and are
destroyed by oxygen
Virulent - ANSWER✔✔-Capable of causing serious disease
Spores - ANSWER✔✔-A tiny cell that is able to grow into a new organism
Viruses - ANSWER✔✔-The smallest pathogens that can cause fatal disease.
Specificity - ANSWER✔✔-Viruses just have this for particular cell types to replicate.
(Pickiness)
Latent - ANSWER✔✔-Virus that remains dormant in the body for years
provirus (prophage) - ANSWER✔✔-Virus that becomes integrated into the nucleic acid
of the host cell.
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Page 2/33
,Characteristics of a virus - ANSWER✔✔-Can only be treated symptomatically, cannot
be destroyed by antibiotics, viruses produce different types of infection. Viruses can
mutate and change making it hard to develop a vaccine.
Hepatitis A - ANSWER✔✔-Ends in a vowel, comes from the bowel(fecal-oral).
The leasts serious and a vaccine is available.
Hepatitis B (HBV) - ANSWER✔✔-Blood - borne disease caused by the Hepatitis Virus
that can lead to serious liver disease, cirrhosis, and prolonged illness. There is a
preventive vaccine.
Hepatitis C (HCV) - ANSWER✔✔-Transmitted through Blood transfusions, IV drug
use, or a cut in the skin. There is no vaccine or cure so it is a chronic disease.
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) - ANSWER✔✔-Caused by human
immunodeficiency virus, sexually transmitted disease.
Hepatitis D (HDV) - ANSWER✔✔-A defective virus that cannot replicate itself without
the presence of HBV. Where there is Hep B there could be this. Greater risk for death
when infected with both. The vaccines for HBV also prevent HDV.
Hepatitis E (HEV) - ANSWER✔✔-Ends in a vowel, comes from the bowel. Transmitted
by the fecal/oral route through contaminated food or water.
Herpes simplex virus type 1 - ANSWER✔✔-the form of herpes that generates cold sores
or fever blisters around the mouth
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Page 3/33
, Primary herpes - ANSWER✔✔-Highly contagious oral herpes characterized by a slight
fever, pain in the mouth, increased salivation, bad breath, and feeling ill among
children.
Herpes simplex type 2 - ANSWER✔✔-Common viral infection that is characterized by
localized blistering that secrete a syrup like fluid
Herpes zoster virus - ANSWER✔✔-chickenpox and shingles
H1N1 flu - ANSWER✔✔-Swine flu, respiratory disease from pigs.
Tuberculosis - ANSWER✔✔-Leading cause of death from infectious diseases
worldwide.
Tetanus - ANSWER✔✔-Lockjaw. Caused by the bacterium Clostridium tetani.
Syphilis - ANSWER✔✔-Treponema pallidum spirochetes, contact with oral lesions can
cause a painless ulcerating sore( chancre) which is infectious on contact.
MRSA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) - ANSWER✔✔-affects the skin,
causing "boils" and abscesses
pandemic disease - ANSWER✔✔-An epidemic disease that occurs worldwide
Infection control - ANSWER✔✔-Policies and practices designed to prevent the spread
of infectious agents
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Page 4/33
