Anatomy and Physiology - Muscular System Test Graded A+

Anatomy and Physiology - Muscular System Test Graded A+ What is responsible for all types of movement? ️️Muscles What is the primary function of the muscular system? ️️ The primary function of the muscular system is to enable movement, maintain posture, and generate heat through contraction. Which type of muscle tissue is involuntary and found in the walls of hollow organs? ️️ Smooth muscle tissue is involuntary and found in the walls of hollow organs. What protein in muscle fibers is responsible for binding to calcium during muscle contraction? ️️ Troponin binds to calcium during muscle contraction. What is the role of ATP in muscle contraction? ️️ ATP provides the energy necessary for muscle contraction and relaxation by detaching myosin heads from actin filaments and re-energizing them. Which connective tissue surrounds an individual muscle fiber? ️️ The endomysium surrounds an individual muscle fiber. What is the term for the point where a motor neuron and muscle fiber meet? ️️ The neuromuscular junction is the point where a motor neuron and muscle fiber meet. What neurotransmitter is released at the neuromuscular junction to initiate muscle contraction? ️️ Acetylcholine is released at the neuromuscular junction to initiate muscle contraction. What is the main function of skeletal muscles? ️️ The main function of skeletal muscles is to produce voluntary movements of the body. What structure stores calcium ions in muscle cells? ️️ The sarcoplasmic reticulum stores calcium ions in muscle cells. What is the functional unit of a skeletal muscle fiber? ️️ The sarcomere is the functional unit of a skeletal muscle fiber. What happens during muscle hypertrophy? ️️ During muscle hypertrophy, muscle fibers increase in size due to increased synthesis of contractile proteins. What is the role of myosin in muscle contraction? ️️ Myosin interacts with actin to form cross-bridges and generate the force required for muscle contraction. Which type of muscle tissue is striated and voluntary? ️️ Skeletal muscle tissue is striated and voluntary. What causes muscle fatigue during prolonged activity? ️️ Muscle fatigue occurs due to the depletion of energy reserves, accumulation of lactic acid, and reduced oxygen supply. What is the difference between an isometric and isotonic muscle contraction? ️️ In an isometric contraction, the muscle generates force without changing length, while in an isotonic contraction, the muscle changes length to produce movement. What is the role of the antagonist muscle during movement? ️️ The antagonist muscle opposes the action of the prime mover, providing balance and control during movement. What is a motor unit? ️️ A motor unit consists of a single motor neuron and all the muscle fibers it innervates. What ion is essential for triggering muscle contraction? ️️ Calcium ions are essential for triggering muscle contraction by binding to troponin. What is muscle tone, and why is it important? ️️ Muscle tone is the continuous, partial contraction of muscles that maintains posture and readiness for movement. How do tendons contribute to muscle function? ️️ Tendons attach muscles to bones and transmit the force generated by muscle contraction to enable movement. What do muscles do? ️️Contract and shorten and are the machine of the body What are the three basic types of muscle found in the body? ️️1. Skeletal Muscle 2. Cardiac Muscle 3. Smooth Muscle What are the functions of the muscles? ️️1. Support the body 2. Allow for movement by making bones and other body parts move 3. Maintain constant body temperature 4. Assist in movement of cardiovascular veins and lymph 5. Protect internal organs and stabilize joints What is the organization of Skeletal Muscle? ️️1. Muscle 2. Fascicle 3. Muscle Fiber 4. Sarcomere 5. Myofibrils 6. Myofilament 5. Myosin and Actin What is the fascicle? ️️A bundle of muscle fibers