Cardio Study For PEAT Exam Questions And
100% Correct Answers
What is
Epinephrine and Norepinephrine
and what is it under? - ANSWER - part of the Sympathetic
- Epinephrine-Adrenaline prepares the body largely for rapid action in stressful
situations by quickening the heartbeat, increasing blood pressure, and supplying
energy.
Norepinephrine-noradrenaline maintains blood pressure and alertness, acting both as a
neurotransmitter and a hormone.
Blood flow through the heart - ANSWER Blood enters the heart via the superior and
inferior vena cave into the RA. Blood moves forward from the RA through the tricuspid
valve into the RV. It then passes through the pulmonic valve to the pulmonary artery and
pulmonary capillaries. The capillaries perfuse the alveoli and the alveolar-capillary
membrane is the site of gas exchange. Newly oxygenated blood within the pulmonary
veins travels to the left atrium and passes through the mitral valve into the LV. It is here
that blood within the LV moves inferiorly toward the apex, where it is wrung in a
squeezing fashion during systole, and propelled from the apex toward the LV outflow
tract and finally out through the aortic valve to the aorta.
What are some
Heart chambers and what they do? -ANSWER- Right atrium: receives deoxygenated
blood returning from body thro Superior Vena Cava and Inferior Vena Cava. Pumps
blood into right ventricle.
- Right Ventricle: Pumps blood to lungs via Pulmonary Artery.
- Left Atrium: Receives oxygenated blood from lungs, pumps blood to left Ventricle
, - Left ventricle: Pumps oxygenated blood to the body through Aorta
what is
Stroke Volume (SV) - ANSWER Stroke volume- Amount of blood volume per left
ventricular contraction
What is Heart Rate and Max HR?
What is the Recommended Exercises percent and time?
How to get Target HR? aka a %? - ANSWER - Heart Rate: Number of left ventricular
contractions per minute.
-Exercises in 55 to 85 % of your maximum HR for at least 20 to 30 min for optimal
performance under Aerobic Exercise.
- Maximum HR: 220 - Age=
- Target HR:
220 - Age= __ x (%) =
What is Cardiac Output (CO)
what is the Formula to get CO? - ANSWER Cardiac Output (CO) is defined as the amount
of blood the heart pumps in one minute. It's an important parameter in assessing how
well the heart is able to supply the body's tissues with oxygen and nutrients.
- HR x SV= CO
- HR (Heart Rate): The number of heartbeats per minute.
- Stroke Volume: The volume of blood ejected by the left ventricle of the heart in one
contraction.
- Sample Calculation:
If HR = 70 beats per minute
If SV = 70 milliliters per beat
Then CO = HR × SV = 70 bpm × 70 mL/beat = 4900 mL/min or 4.9 liters per minute
(Conduction system of the heart)
100% Correct Answers
What is
Epinephrine and Norepinephrine
and what is it under? - ANSWER - part of the Sympathetic
- Epinephrine-Adrenaline prepares the body largely for rapid action in stressful
situations by quickening the heartbeat, increasing blood pressure, and supplying
energy.
Norepinephrine-noradrenaline maintains blood pressure and alertness, acting both as a
neurotransmitter and a hormone.
Blood flow through the heart - ANSWER Blood enters the heart via the superior and
inferior vena cave into the RA. Blood moves forward from the RA through the tricuspid
valve into the RV. It then passes through the pulmonic valve to the pulmonary artery and
pulmonary capillaries. The capillaries perfuse the alveoli and the alveolar-capillary
membrane is the site of gas exchange. Newly oxygenated blood within the pulmonary
veins travels to the left atrium and passes through the mitral valve into the LV. It is here
that blood within the LV moves inferiorly toward the apex, where it is wrung in a
squeezing fashion during systole, and propelled from the apex toward the LV outflow
tract and finally out through the aortic valve to the aorta.
What are some
Heart chambers and what they do? -ANSWER- Right atrium: receives deoxygenated
blood returning from body thro Superior Vena Cava and Inferior Vena Cava. Pumps
blood into right ventricle.
- Right Ventricle: Pumps blood to lungs via Pulmonary Artery.
- Left Atrium: Receives oxygenated blood from lungs, pumps blood to left Ventricle
, - Left ventricle: Pumps oxygenated blood to the body through Aorta
what is
Stroke Volume (SV) - ANSWER Stroke volume- Amount of blood volume per left
ventricular contraction
What is Heart Rate and Max HR?
What is the Recommended Exercises percent and time?
How to get Target HR? aka a %? - ANSWER - Heart Rate: Number of left ventricular
contractions per minute.
-Exercises in 55 to 85 % of your maximum HR for at least 20 to 30 min for optimal
performance under Aerobic Exercise.
- Maximum HR: 220 - Age=
- Target HR:
220 - Age= __ x (%) =
What is Cardiac Output (CO)
what is the Formula to get CO? - ANSWER Cardiac Output (CO) is defined as the amount
of blood the heart pumps in one minute. It's an important parameter in assessing how
well the heart is able to supply the body's tissues with oxygen and nutrients.
- HR x SV= CO
- HR (Heart Rate): The number of heartbeats per minute.
- Stroke Volume: The volume of blood ejected by the left ventricle of the heart in one
contraction.
- Sample Calculation:
If HR = 70 beats per minute
If SV = 70 milliliters per beat
Then CO = HR × SV = 70 bpm × 70 mL/beat = 4900 mL/min or 4.9 liters per minute
(Conduction system of the heart)
