Psychology Exam 1 - Lifespan Development With
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Bill is just beginning to sense that he has less strength, especially in his back and legs. That
he is experiencing age-related loss of lean muscle mass and strength tells us he is most
likely in his:
a. 30s
b. 40s
c. 20s
d. 50s - CORRECT ANS- -d. 50s
Some adolescents engage in risky behaviors, because they believe they are invulnerable to
the negative consequences of these actions. This is an example of:
a. hypothetical-deductive reasoning.
b. imaginary audience.
c. personal fable.
d. intuitive thought. - CORRECT ANS- -c. personal fable.
Some theorists have pieced together descriptions of a fifth stage of cognitive development,
labeled:
a. reflective thought.
b. provisional thought.
c. postformal thought.
d. superformal thought. - CORRECT ANS- -c. postformal thought.
,What is the main difference between a reflex and a habit?
a. A habit is a scheme based on a reflex, and it is still dependent on the original eliciting
stimulus.
b. A habit is a scheme based on a reflex, but it is completely separated from the original
eliciting stimulus.
c. Habits are developed through the process of evolution. Reflexes are developed by
repeated actions.
d. There is no difference. The terms may be used interchangeably. - CORRECT ANS- -b. A
habit is a scheme based on a reflex, but it is completely separated from the original eliciting
stimulus.
What did Vygotsky believe about the development of thought and language?
a. Thought depends on language, so they are tied throughout development.
b. Thought and language develop independently at first and merge later in development.
c. Thought and language remain independent throughout development.
d. Thought and language emerge simultaneously and later separate. - CORRECT ANS- -b.
Thought and language develop independently at first and merge later in development.
Gabbi holds a piece of plastic toy, starts to produce the chewing action repeatedly, and
says "I'm eating fish." Gabbi is in which sensorimotor substage?
a. coordination of secondary circular reactions
b. internalization of schemes
c. tertiary circular reactions
d. secondary circular reactions - CORRECT ANS- -b. internalization of schemes
Animism and egocentrism represent limitations in the preoperational child's thinking,
because they indicate an inability to:
a. center attention on one characteristic.
, b. think symbolically.
c. distinguish among different or real perspectives.
d. be fanciful and inventive in their drawings. - CORRECT ANS- -c. distinguish among
different or real perspectives.
Which of the following BEST characterizes cognitive development according to Jean Piaget?
a. Children learn best when they are active and seek solutions by themselves.
b. Genetics plays an important role in cognitive development.
c. Children can store an infinite amount of information in their long-term memories.
d. Children primarily learn about the world from watching others' actions and
consequences. - CORRECT ANS- -a. Children learn best when they are active and seek
solutions by themselves.
According to William Perry, compared to adolescent thinking, adult thinking is:
a. reflective and relativistic.
b. intuitive and concrete.
c. idealistic and altruistic.
d. absolutist and dualistic. - CORRECT ANS- -a. reflective and relativistic.
Mrs. Marsden hears a student arranging story cards. "Hmm, I think this one goes first and
next is that one. No, maybe that one." She is witnessing the student's:
a. speech for communication.
b. private speech for problem solving.
c. inner speech for problem solving.
d. scaffolding. - CORRECT ANS- -b. private speech for problem solving.
Adolescent egocentrism is characterized by:
Detailed Explanations and Answers EXAMS FROM
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Your Academic Performance
Bill is just beginning to sense that he has less strength, especially in his back and legs. That
he is experiencing age-related loss of lean muscle mass and strength tells us he is most
likely in his:
a. 30s
b. 40s
c. 20s
d. 50s - CORRECT ANS- -d. 50s
Some adolescents engage in risky behaviors, because they believe they are invulnerable to
the negative consequences of these actions. This is an example of:
a. hypothetical-deductive reasoning.
b. imaginary audience.
c. personal fable.
d. intuitive thought. - CORRECT ANS- -c. personal fable.
Some theorists have pieced together descriptions of a fifth stage of cognitive development,
labeled:
a. reflective thought.
b. provisional thought.
c. postformal thought.
d. superformal thought. - CORRECT ANS- -c. postformal thought.
,What is the main difference between a reflex and a habit?
a. A habit is a scheme based on a reflex, and it is still dependent on the original eliciting
stimulus.
b. A habit is a scheme based on a reflex, but it is completely separated from the original
eliciting stimulus.
c. Habits are developed through the process of evolution. Reflexes are developed by
repeated actions.
d. There is no difference. The terms may be used interchangeably. - CORRECT ANS- -b. A
habit is a scheme based on a reflex, but it is completely separated from the original eliciting
stimulus.
What did Vygotsky believe about the development of thought and language?
a. Thought depends on language, so they are tied throughout development.
b. Thought and language develop independently at first and merge later in development.
c. Thought and language remain independent throughout development.
d. Thought and language emerge simultaneously and later separate. - CORRECT ANS- -b.
Thought and language develop independently at first and merge later in development.
Gabbi holds a piece of plastic toy, starts to produce the chewing action repeatedly, and
says "I'm eating fish." Gabbi is in which sensorimotor substage?
a. coordination of secondary circular reactions
b. internalization of schemes
c. tertiary circular reactions
d. secondary circular reactions - CORRECT ANS- -b. internalization of schemes
Animism and egocentrism represent limitations in the preoperational child's thinking,
because they indicate an inability to:
a. center attention on one characteristic.
, b. think symbolically.
c. distinguish among different or real perspectives.
d. be fanciful and inventive in their drawings. - CORRECT ANS- -c. distinguish among
different or real perspectives.
Which of the following BEST characterizes cognitive development according to Jean Piaget?
a. Children learn best when they are active and seek solutions by themselves.
b. Genetics plays an important role in cognitive development.
c. Children can store an infinite amount of information in their long-term memories.
d. Children primarily learn about the world from watching others' actions and
consequences. - CORRECT ANS- -a. Children learn best when they are active and seek
solutions by themselves.
According to William Perry, compared to adolescent thinking, adult thinking is:
a. reflective and relativistic.
b. intuitive and concrete.
c. idealistic and altruistic.
d. absolutist and dualistic. - CORRECT ANS- -a. reflective and relativistic.
Mrs. Marsden hears a student arranging story cards. "Hmm, I think this one goes first and
next is that one. No, maybe that one." She is witnessing the student's:
a. speech for communication.
b. private speech for problem solving.
c. inner speech for problem solving.
d. scaffolding. - CORRECT ANS- -b. private speech for problem solving.
Adolescent egocentrism is characterized by:
