Pathophysiology Quiz 1 (Chapters 1-3)
Physiology - answerDeals with the functions of the human body.
Pathology - answerDeals with the structural and functional changes in cells, tissues,
& organs of the human body that cause or are caused by disease.
Pathophysiology - answerDeals not only with the cellular and organ changes that
occur with disease, but also the effects that these changes have on total body
function; also considered the physiology of altered health.
What is disease? - answerAcute or chronic illness that one acquires or is born with
and that causes physiologic dysfunction in one or more body systems.
Etiology - answerThe precise cause of the disease.
What do etiological agents include? - answerBiological agents (bacteria, virus, etc.),
physical forces (trauma, burns, radiation), chemical agents (poisons, alcohol), ones
genetic inheritance (genetic predisposition), and nutritional excesses & deficits.
Do most disease states have a single cause? - answerNO--most disease states do
not have a single cause; majority of diseases are multifactorial.
Risk Factors (of disease) - answerMultiple factors that predispose to a particular
disease; vulnerabilities--can be modifiable or non-modifiable.
Congenital Conditions - answerDefects that are present at birth, although may not
be evident until later in life or may never manifest.
Acquired Defects - answerCaused by events that occur after birth.
Idiopathic - answerNo known cause of the disease.
Pathogenesis - answerExplains how the disease process evolves; sequence of
events that takes place from the time of initial contact with etiologic agent until
disease expression.
Morphologic Changes - answerGross anatomic and microscopic cellular changes
that are characteristic of the disease.
Disease Process - answerClinical Manifestations (signs, symptoms, systemic, local)
Diagnosis
Syndrome
complications
Sequelae
Morbidity
Symptoms - answerSubjective complaint that is noted by the person with a
disorder.
, Signs - answerObjective manifestation that is noted by the observer.
Systemic - answerManifestations present throughout the body and are not confined
to one area.
Local - answerManifestations limited or confined to one area of the body.
Diagnosis - answerA label for the disease--clustering clinical manifestations and
diagnostic tests (laboratory & imaging studies).
Syndrome - answerCompilation of signs and symptoms that are characteristic of a
specific disease state.
Complications - answerPossible adverse extension from the disease or outcomes
from treatment.
Sequelae - answerLesions or impairments that follow or are caused by the disease.
Morbidity - answerNegative outcome from disease complications that impact the
quality of life.
Clinical Course - answerDescribes the evolution of the disease.
Acute Disorder - answerBegins abruptly and lasts for a few days to a few months.
Chronic Disorder - answerImplies a continuous, long term process--? longer than six
months.
Exacerbations - answerAggravation of symptoms and severity of the disease.
Remissions - answerPeriod when there is a decrease in severity and symptoms.
Subacute Disorder - answerDescribes disease that falls somewhere between acute
and chronic in duration and severity.
Subclinical Disease - answerNot clinically apparent and not to become clinically
apparent--some would lave this asymptomatic disease.
Precipitating Factors - answerTriggers that promote the onset of clinical
manifestations.
Latrogenic - answerDiseases that are caused as an inadvertent result of medical
treatment.
Nosocomial - answerDisease is the result of exposure to infection in the health care
environment.
Prognosis - answerForecast or prediction of how an individual will proceed through
the disease; probable outcome and prospect of recovery from a disease.
Physiology - answerDeals with the functions of the human body.
Pathology - answerDeals with the structural and functional changes in cells, tissues,
& organs of the human body that cause or are caused by disease.
Pathophysiology - answerDeals not only with the cellular and organ changes that
occur with disease, but also the effects that these changes have on total body
function; also considered the physiology of altered health.
What is disease? - answerAcute or chronic illness that one acquires or is born with
and that causes physiologic dysfunction in one or more body systems.
Etiology - answerThe precise cause of the disease.
What do etiological agents include? - answerBiological agents (bacteria, virus, etc.),
physical forces (trauma, burns, radiation), chemical agents (poisons, alcohol), ones
genetic inheritance (genetic predisposition), and nutritional excesses & deficits.
Do most disease states have a single cause? - answerNO--most disease states do
not have a single cause; majority of diseases are multifactorial.
Risk Factors (of disease) - answerMultiple factors that predispose to a particular
disease; vulnerabilities--can be modifiable or non-modifiable.
Congenital Conditions - answerDefects that are present at birth, although may not
be evident until later in life or may never manifest.
Acquired Defects - answerCaused by events that occur after birth.
Idiopathic - answerNo known cause of the disease.
Pathogenesis - answerExplains how the disease process evolves; sequence of
events that takes place from the time of initial contact with etiologic agent until
disease expression.
Morphologic Changes - answerGross anatomic and microscopic cellular changes
that are characteristic of the disease.
Disease Process - answerClinical Manifestations (signs, symptoms, systemic, local)
Diagnosis
Syndrome
complications
Sequelae
Morbidity
Symptoms - answerSubjective complaint that is noted by the person with a
disorder.
, Signs - answerObjective manifestation that is noted by the observer.
Systemic - answerManifestations present throughout the body and are not confined
to one area.
Local - answerManifestations limited or confined to one area of the body.
Diagnosis - answerA label for the disease--clustering clinical manifestations and
diagnostic tests (laboratory & imaging studies).
Syndrome - answerCompilation of signs and symptoms that are characteristic of a
specific disease state.
Complications - answerPossible adverse extension from the disease or outcomes
from treatment.
Sequelae - answerLesions or impairments that follow or are caused by the disease.
Morbidity - answerNegative outcome from disease complications that impact the
quality of life.
Clinical Course - answerDescribes the evolution of the disease.
Acute Disorder - answerBegins abruptly and lasts for a few days to a few months.
Chronic Disorder - answerImplies a continuous, long term process--? longer than six
months.
Exacerbations - answerAggravation of symptoms and severity of the disease.
Remissions - answerPeriod when there is a decrease in severity and symptoms.
Subacute Disorder - answerDescribes disease that falls somewhere between acute
and chronic in duration and severity.
Subclinical Disease - answerNot clinically apparent and not to become clinically
apparent--some would lave this asymptomatic disease.
Precipitating Factors - answerTriggers that promote the onset of clinical
manifestations.
Latrogenic - answerDiseases that are caused as an inadvertent result of medical
treatment.
Nosocomial - answerDisease is the result of exposure to infection in the health care
environment.
Prognosis - answerForecast or prediction of how an individual will proceed through
the disease; probable outcome and prospect of recovery from a disease.
