CALT Exam 100% Accurate!!
Adolph Kussmaul (1877) - ANSWERS"word blindness"
Dr. Rudolph Berlin (1887) - ANSWERSCame up with the word "Dyslexia'
James Hinschelwood (1897) - ANSWERSreported cases of "congenital wordblindness",
called on schools to screen and treat it
Dr. W. Pringle Morgan (1896) - ANSWERSWrote 1st medical journal on word blindness
Grace Fernald (1920s) - ANSWERSDeveloped the VAKT Method (Fernald Method)
Samuel T. Orton (1925) - ANSWERSNeurologist, associated dyslexia as a "language
disorder", Coined the term "strephosymbolia" (twisted symbols)
Anna Gillingham (1930s) - ANSWERSDeveloped multisensory teaching with Orton,
Trained 50 teachers with Sally Childs
Aylett Cox - ANSWERSDeveloped Alphabetic Phonics at Scottish Rite Hospital, Worked
with Sally Childs
Drs. Sally and Bennett Shaywitz - ANSWERSWatched the brain read using fMRI,
Tracked the prevalence of Dyslexia and whether is was a developmental lag vs. persists
over time
Chomsky - ANSWERSSaid children are pre-wired to learn oral language but reading
and writing are acquired
Isabelle Liberman - ANSWERSPhonological Processes
NIH Prior to 1980 dyslexia definition - ANSWERSExclusionary- when you couldn't figure
out the problem it must be dyslexia
Dyslexia Definition - ANSWERSDeficit of phonological component of language
IQ discrepancy - ANSWERSResearch shows this to be an invalid model (IQ decided
based on a reading test, unfair for children with dyslexia)
Specific Learning Disability - ANSWERSDisorder with language, may make it difficult to
thing, listen, speak, read, write, do math, etc.
ADD/ADHD Historically - ANSWERSminimal brain dysfunction
, ADD/ADHD Comorbity - ANSWERS30-50%
Twin Studies - ANSWERSConcordance rate 70% in identical pairs, 48% in fraternal
Purpose of Assessment - ANSWERSIdentify issues, Determine progress, Determine
placement or exit from therapy
Assessment - ANSWERSThe collection of information to make decisions about learning
and instruction
Diagnostic Test - ANSWERSA test to determine more specifically the exact nature a
student, or students', learning problems. It con help the teacher identify ways to better
assist the the students.
Informal Test - ANSWERSA test that is not standardized, can see if students need
further screening or different instruction
Formal Test - ANSWERSStandardized test, uses specific procedures
Norm Referenced Test - ANSWERSCompare a students performance with their peers
Criterion Referenced Test - ANSWERSPerformance is measured by how well student
has mastered the standard, show knowledge attained and knowledge that needs to be
acquired
Curriculum Referenced Test - ANSWERSVariation of Criterion, Questions based on
what is taught in the classroom
CTOPP-2 - ANSWERSMeasures- phonological awareness, phonological memory, and
rapid naming
GORT-5 - ANSWERSFluency
PPVT-4 - ANSWERSReceptive Vocabulary-Picture Test
Formative Data Collection - ANSWERSGather information about a child's progress in
certain skills of knowledge, short term instructional goals, criterion/curriculum
referenced test
Summative Data Collection - ANSWERSGathers information about a child's
accumulation and integration of knowledge, long term, norm-referenced test
Profile - ANSWERSGraphic Representation of Scores
Standard Scores - ANSWERSRepresent deviation from mean in age group
Adolph Kussmaul (1877) - ANSWERS"word blindness"
Dr. Rudolph Berlin (1887) - ANSWERSCame up with the word "Dyslexia'
James Hinschelwood (1897) - ANSWERSreported cases of "congenital wordblindness",
called on schools to screen and treat it
Dr. W. Pringle Morgan (1896) - ANSWERSWrote 1st medical journal on word blindness
Grace Fernald (1920s) - ANSWERSDeveloped the VAKT Method (Fernald Method)
Samuel T. Orton (1925) - ANSWERSNeurologist, associated dyslexia as a "language
disorder", Coined the term "strephosymbolia" (twisted symbols)
Anna Gillingham (1930s) - ANSWERSDeveloped multisensory teaching with Orton,
Trained 50 teachers with Sally Childs
Aylett Cox - ANSWERSDeveloped Alphabetic Phonics at Scottish Rite Hospital, Worked
with Sally Childs
Drs. Sally and Bennett Shaywitz - ANSWERSWatched the brain read using fMRI,
Tracked the prevalence of Dyslexia and whether is was a developmental lag vs. persists
over time
Chomsky - ANSWERSSaid children are pre-wired to learn oral language but reading
and writing are acquired
Isabelle Liberman - ANSWERSPhonological Processes
NIH Prior to 1980 dyslexia definition - ANSWERSExclusionary- when you couldn't figure
out the problem it must be dyslexia
Dyslexia Definition - ANSWERSDeficit of phonological component of language
IQ discrepancy - ANSWERSResearch shows this to be an invalid model (IQ decided
based on a reading test, unfair for children with dyslexia)
Specific Learning Disability - ANSWERSDisorder with language, may make it difficult to
thing, listen, speak, read, write, do math, etc.
ADD/ADHD Historically - ANSWERSminimal brain dysfunction
, ADD/ADHD Comorbity - ANSWERS30-50%
Twin Studies - ANSWERSConcordance rate 70% in identical pairs, 48% in fraternal
Purpose of Assessment - ANSWERSIdentify issues, Determine progress, Determine
placement or exit from therapy
Assessment - ANSWERSThe collection of information to make decisions about learning
and instruction
Diagnostic Test - ANSWERSA test to determine more specifically the exact nature a
student, or students', learning problems. It con help the teacher identify ways to better
assist the the students.
Informal Test - ANSWERSA test that is not standardized, can see if students need
further screening or different instruction
Formal Test - ANSWERSStandardized test, uses specific procedures
Norm Referenced Test - ANSWERSCompare a students performance with their peers
Criterion Referenced Test - ANSWERSPerformance is measured by how well student
has mastered the standard, show knowledge attained and knowledge that needs to be
acquired
Curriculum Referenced Test - ANSWERSVariation of Criterion, Questions based on
what is taught in the classroom
CTOPP-2 - ANSWERSMeasures- phonological awareness, phonological memory, and
rapid naming
GORT-5 - ANSWERSFluency
PPVT-4 - ANSWERSReceptive Vocabulary-Picture Test
Formative Data Collection - ANSWERSGather information about a child's progress in
certain skills of knowledge, short term instructional goals, criterion/curriculum
referenced test
Summative Data Collection - ANSWERSGathers information about a child's
accumulation and integration of knowledge, long term, norm-referenced test
Profile - ANSWERSGraphic Representation of Scores
Standard Scores - ANSWERSRepresent deviation from mean in age group
