Copyright © OLIVIAWEST2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
TExES Pedagogy and Professional
Responsibilities (PPR) Exam Study Guide
Solutions
Accommodation - ANSWER✔✔-One of the processes that helps create equilibrium. According to Piaget,
the process by which existing mental structures (schemas) and behaviors are modified to adapt to new
experiences
Adaptation - ANSWER✔✔-Changing of existing knowledge structures (schemas) to fit new conditions.
Either through: assimilation or accommodation
Anorexia Nervosa - ANSWER✔✔-An eating disorder characterized by very limited food intake
Assimilation - ANSWER✔✔-According to Piaget, the process by which new ideas and experiences are
absorbed and incorporated into existing mental structures and behaviors
Bulimia - ANSWER✔✔-An eating disorder characterized by overeating/binge eating (and a fear of not
being able to stop eating) followed by purging by self-induced vomiting or laxatives.
Centration - ANSWER✔✔-A young child's tendency to focus only on his or her own perspective of a
specific object and a failure to understand that others may see things differently.
Conservation - ANSWER✔✔-the realization that a change in the appearance of an object does not
necessarily change the characteristics of the object.
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Constructivist Theories - ANSWER✔✔-belief that children are not passive in the learning process; each
learner constantly and actively seeks information and meshes old knowledge with new to make it
meaningful in building or constructing his or her knowledge.
egocentrism - ANSWER✔✔-In Piaget's theory, the inability of the preoperational child to take another's
point of view.
equilibration - ANSWER✔✔-the constant innate search for a balance between what we already know
and a new activity, skill, or social experience
Imaginary Audience - ANSWER✔✔-Adolescents' belief that they are the focus of everyone else's
attention and concern.
maturation - ANSWER✔✔-internally determined to change
metacognitive ability - ANSWER✔✔-the ability to think about one's own cognitive thinking processes and
to use this process to facilitate learning.
organization - ANSWER✔✔-continual process of arranging and connecting information, objects, and
events within meaningful mental systems (schemata)
personal fable - ANSWER✔✔-An adolescents belief that they are special in the sense of being unique,
invulnerable, and omnipotent, so few can understand them
Prepubescence - ANSWER✔✔-the period of life immediately before puberty, often marked by
accelerated physical growth
Puberty - ANSWER✔✔-the stage of adolescence in which an individual becomes physiologically capable
of sexual reproduction
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Seriation - ANSWER✔✔-ability to arrange objects in an orderly fashion (in a series) using a quantitive
dimension (size, for example)
Stages of Cognitive Development - ANSWER✔✔-(Piaget) 1. sensorimotor 2. preoperational 3. concrete
operational 4. formal operational
Acculturation - ANSWER✔✔-successful application of new knowledge and use of new norms from
another culture while retaining one's own native culture and language
basic interpersonal communication skills (BCIS) - ANSWER✔✔-as a language learner, being able to use
conversational, everyday language (can take up to two years)
biases - ANSWER✔✔-unfair preferences or prejudices toward particular groups of people
Cognitive academic language proficiency (CALP) - ANSWER✔✔-as a language learner, being able to use a
language for abstract, academic purposes (5-7 years)
culturally relevant teaching (CRT) - ANSWER✔✔-a theory that underscores teaching practices grounded
in the understanding of culture and experiences that shape students
English as a second language (ESL) - ANSWER✔✔-a program or category pertaining to students whose
native language is not English but who are learning English for academic purposes
English language learner (ELL) - ANSWER✔✔-the current term used to describe a child who is learning
English as a second language
funds of knowledge - ANSWER✔✔-knowledge, skills, and experiences that families and communities
practice that, when recognized by teachers, can enhance learning; usually refers to minority families
whose knowledge and skills do not match typical school knowledge and skills
Copyright ©Stuvia International BV 2010-2024 Page 3/20
TExES Pedagogy and Professional
Responsibilities (PPR) Exam Study Guide
Solutions
Accommodation - ANSWER✔✔-One of the processes that helps create equilibrium. According to Piaget,
the process by which existing mental structures (schemas) and behaviors are modified to adapt to new
experiences
Adaptation - ANSWER✔✔-Changing of existing knowledge structures (schemas) to fit new conditions.
Either through: assimilation or accommodation
Anorexia Nervosa - ANSWER✔✔-An eating disorder characterized by very limited food intake
Assimilation - ANSWER✔✔-According to Piaget, the process by which new ideas and experiences are
absorbed and incorporated into existing mental structures and behaviors
Bulimia - ANSWER✔✔-An eating disorder characterized by overeating/binge eating (and a fear of not
being able to stop eating) followed by purging by self-induced vomiting or laxatives.
Centration - ANSWER✔✔-A young child's tendency to focus only on his or her own perspective of a
specific object and a failure to understand that others may see things differently.
Conservation - ANSWER✔✔-the realization that a change in the appearance of an object does not
necessarily change the characteristics of the object.
Copyright ©Stuvia International BV 2010-2024 Page 1/20
, Copyright © OLIVIAWEST2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
Constructivist Theories - ANSWER✔✔-belief that children are not passive in the learning process; each
learner constantly and actively seeks information and meshes old knowledge with new to make it
meaningful in building or constructing his or her knowledge.
egocentrism - ANSWER✔✔-In Piaget's theory, the inability of the preoperational child to take another's
point of view.
equilibration - ANSWER✔✔-the constant innate search for a balance between what we already know
and a new activity, skill, or social experience
Imaginary Audience - ANSWER✔✔-Adolescents' belief that they are the focus of everyone else's
attention and concern.
maturation - ANSWER✔✔-internally determined to change
metacognitive ability - ANSWER✔✔-the ability to think about one's own cognitive thinking processes and
to use this process to facilitate learning.
organization - ANSWER✔✔-continual process of arranging and connecting information, objects, and
events within meaningful mental systems (schemata)
personal fable - ANSWER✔✔-An adolescents belief that they are special in the sense of being unique,
invulnerable, and omnipotent, so few can understand them
Prepubescence - ANSWER✔✔-the period of life immediately before puberty, often marked by
accelerated physical growth
Puberty - ANSWER✔✔-the stage of adolescence in which an individual becomes physiologically capable
of sexual reproduction
Copyright ©Stuvia International BV 2010-2024 Page 2/20
, Copyright © OLIVIAWEST2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
Seriation - ANSWER✔✔-ability to arrange objects in an orderly fashion (in a series) using a quantitive
dimension (size, for example)
Stages of Cognitive Development - ANSWER✔✔-(Piaget) 1. sensorimotor 2. preoperational 3. concrete
operational 4. formal operational
Acculturation - ANSWER✔✔-successful application of new knowledge and use of new norms from
another culture while retaining one's own native culture and language
basic interpersonal communication skills (BCIS) - ANSWER✔✔-as a language learner, being able to use
conversational, everyday language (can take up to two years)
biases - ANSWER✔✔-unfair preferences or prejudices toward particular groups of people
Cognitive academic language proficiency (CALP) - ANSWER✔✔-as a language learner, being able to use a
language for abstract, academic purposes (5-7 years)
culturally relevant teaching (CRT) - ANSWER✔✔-a theory that underscores teaching practices grounded
in the understanding of culture and experiences that shape students
English as a second language (ESL) - ANSWER✔✔-a program or category pertaining to students whose
native language is not English but who are learning English for academic purposes
English language learner (ELL) - ANSWER✔✔-the current term used to describe a child who is learning
English as a second language
funds of knowledge - ANSWER✔✔-knowledge, skills, and experiences that families and communities
practice that, when recognized by teachers, can enhance learning; usually refers to minority families
whose knowledge and skills do not match typical school knowledge and skills
Copyright ©Stuvia International BV 2010-2024 Page 3/20
