CDR Practice Test 1 Questions & Answers

Category: Community Nutrition Your child ate squash soup and became ill, now feels ill whenever it is served. The most likely reason would be? A) food intolerance B) food presentation C) food allergy D) food aversion - ANSWERSD Food aversion (an intense dislike of a food), intolerance ( unpleasant symptoms that consistently occur with consumption). Source: Sienkiewicz, Whitney, Nutrition Concepts and Controversies, p. 537-538. Category: Food Science Different sugars dissolved in water have varying degrees of sweetness. Which is the least sweet? A) Fructose B) Glucose C) Sucrose D) Lactose - ANSWERSD Hydroxyl groups give sugars the sweet taste. The following is a list of the sugars in the above question, in order of least sweet to most sweet: Lactose, glucose, sucrose, fructose. Source: Edelstein, Food Science An Ecological Approach, 2nd Edition, p. 151-152. Category: Medical Nutrition Therapy / Nutrition Care Process A young man with Type 1 Diabetes is suéering with an intestinal flu, and experiencing frequent vomiting and diarrhea. The dietitian should instruct him to: A) take insulin, liberalize diet, encourage fluids, check urine for ketones B) hold insulin, liberalize diet, check urine for ketones C) take insulin, consume simple CHO, restrict fluids D) hold insulin, restrict po intake, check urine for ketones - ANSWERSA Sick day guidelines for persons with diabetes include taking usual doses of insulin, urine testing for ketones, and consuming ample amounts of liquid and liquid or soft carbohydrate-containing foods. Source: Nelms, Nutrition Therapy and Pathophysiology, 4th Edition, p. 514. Category: Food Science When making lemon pie, the lemon juice should be added: A) when the filling is removed from the heat B) to the sugar before heating C) to the water at the start of heating D) at anytime - ANSWERSA The lemon juice should be added when the filling is removed from the heat. The combination of an acid and heat causes hydrolysis of the starch molecules. This shortening of the molecules will result in a thinner filling. Source: McWilliams, Foods Experimental Perspectives, 7th Edition, 2012, p. 287 Category: Community Nutrition Links can be found between fat and heart disease, cancer, etc. Why do we recommend eating a variety of foods? A) non-dietary factors outweigh fat reduction B) chronic disease develops in response to limited factors C) individual nutrients target individual organs D) role of nutrients is not specific to a disease but to a body function - ANSWERSD Valid links can be found to specific nutrients and disease, i.e. fat and heart disease; however, each nutrient may have a connection with several diseases because its role in the body is to a body function not to a specific disease. Source: Whitney Rolfes, and Cataldo, Understanding Clinical Nutrition, p. 539. Category: Operations and Management Dry storage temperatures should be within the range of: A) 60°F to 80°F B) 40°F to 60°F C) 50°F to 70°F D) 70°F to 90°F - ANSWERSC Dry storage temperatures should be cool, within a range of 50°F to 70°F. Source: Gregorie, Ninth Edition, p. 129. Category: Education and Research According to Bloom's taxonomy, what type of learning is involved when a client demonstrates how to cook a meal unassisted? A) psychomotor B) cognitive C) physical D) affective - ANSWERSA Behaviors are divided into either the cognitive, affective, or psychomotor domain. The psychomotor domain involves tasks or skills involving manual dexterity [physical] functions. Source: Holi, Beto J. Communication and Education Skills: A Guide for Professionals (7th edition), Wolters Kluwer, 2018, Ch. 11, pp. 294-296. Category: Normal Nutrition In the following list, which one is a disaccharide? A) galactose B) fructose C) glucose D) lactose - ANSWERSD Lactose is a disaccharide composed of glucose and galactose. The monosaccharides are glucose, fructose and galactose. Source: Sienkiewicz and Whitney, Nutrition Concepts and Controversies, 15th Edition, p. 106-107. Category: Operations and Management A local dietetics organization is concerned about the children in early childhood programs. They are working with other community groups to develop a program to support better nutrition and increased activity. This activity is covered under which principle of the Academy Code of Ethics? A) Beneficence B) Non-Maleficence C) Justice D) Autonomy - ANSWERSC Justice, Seek leadership opportunities in a professional, and service organizations to enhance health and nutrition status while protecting the public. Source: Code of Ethics for the Dietetics Profession, principle 4, 2018. Category: Community Nutrition Which of the following provides supplemental food, nutrition education, and health care: A) summer food service program for children B) WIC C) school lunch program D) EFNEP - ANSWERSB WIC provides supplemental foods to infants, children up to age five, and pregnant women. It also provides nutrition education, and healthcare. Source: Boyle, Community Nutrition In Action, 2016, p. 402-403. Category: Medical Nutrition Therapy / Nutrition Care Process A 76-year-old female resides in an extended care facility. Given the following information, calculate her fluid needs. Ht.: 66"; wt.:146#; frame type: small. A) 2000 ml/day B) 2400 ml/day C) 3000 ml/day D) 1900 ml/day - ANSWERSA The facility must provide each resident with suìcient ëuid intake to maintain proper hydration and health. A general guideline for determining baseline daily fluid needs is to multiply the resident's body weight in kilograms by 30 cc, except for residents with renal or cardiac distress. Source: "Regulation F327 (j) Hydration," Guide to Surveyors - Long Term Care Facilities. p. 109. Category: Medical Nutrition Therapy / Nutrition Care Process The process that informs employees of goals and policies and explains their responsibilities is: A) development B) in-services C) training D) orientation - ANSWERSD raining is designed to improve skills. Development has the purpose of preparing employees for more responsibility. Orientation is to familiarize new employees with goals, policies and performance expectations. Source: Gregorie, Ninth edition, p. 370. Category: Education and Research The RD found when he served $0.29 chocolate donuts and $0.39 powdered donuts, the former had better sales. When he served $0.39 powdered donuts and $0.59 cream-filled donuts, the powdered donuts sold more. What kind of research design was used? A) non-experimental B) qualitative C) descriptive D) experimental - ANSWERSD Experimental design is a research design with the properties of randomization, control, and manipulation. Source: Van Horn L, Beto J. Research: Successful Approaches in Nutrition and Dietetics. 4th ed. Chicago, IL. Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. 2019, Ch. 2. P. 16-21; Ch. 30, pp. 594-595. Category: Normal Nutrition Identify the hormone that causes an increase in glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis: A) insulin B) glucagon C) testosterone D) estrogen - ANSWERSB Glucagon, produced by the alpha cells of the islets of langerhans, causes a rise in the amount of the sugar in the blood. Glucagon increases glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis. Source: Nelms, Nutrition Therapy and Pathophysiology, 4th Edition, p. 486. Category: Normal Nutrition The key biochemical steps in the metabolism of the major nutrients include: A) glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, glycogenolysis B) lipolysis, glycolysis, beta oxidation C) glycolysis, Krebs cycle, electron transport chain D) citric acid cycle, oxidative phosphorylation - ANSWERSC The conversion of glucose to carbon dioxide and water is achieved within the cells by the combined eéect of three multi-step processes: glycolysis, Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain. Source: Guthrie, p. 210. Category: Community Nutrition Before a law goes into effect it has to have regulations that detail how the law is to be implemented. These regulations are published in the: A) House Agenda B) White House Journal C) Congressional Record D) Federal Register - ANSWERSD When the bill is introduced, the bill's title is entered in the Congressional Journal and printed in the Congressional Record. The regulations are published in the Federal Register. Source: Boyle, Community Nutrition In Action, 2016, p. 206-207. Category: Normal Nutrition Aspartame is composed of which two amino acids? A) tyrosine and arachidonic acid B) phenylalanine and aspartic acid C) tyrosine and aspartic acid D) phenylalanine and ascorbic acid - ANSWERSB Aspartame consists of the two amino acids phenylalanine and aspartic acid. It is 180 times as sweet as sucrose. Source: Sienkiewicz and Whitney, Nutrition Concepts and Controversies, 15th Edition. P. 469. Category: Food Science A cookie recipe calls for one cup of butter; you will be using shortening instead. How much shortening should you use: A) 1-1/8 cup B) cannot make this substitution C) 1 cup D) 7/8 cup - ANSWERSD You would use 7/8 cup because shortening is 100% fat, while butter is 80%. Therefore, less shortening is needed to provide the same amount of fat. Source: McWilliams pp. 305-306. Category: Community Nutrition When would public hearings be conducted regarding a bill? A) when it comes to the floor for a vote B) when it is in the budget process C) before it is assigned a number D) when in a committee - ANSWERSD As bills work their way through the House and Senate, they are considered by several committees and subcommittees, which may hold public hearings and seek the testimony of interested persons before moving the bill forward. Source: Boyle, Community Nutrition In Action, 2016, p. 203-209.