Mizzou Anatomy Exam 2 - Mizzou (Hill) With complete
Solutions Latest Update
Functions of the Skeletal System (5) - ANSWER Support: entire body
Protection: Viscera (organs)
Movement: Attachment for the muscles
Hemopoiesis: Blood cell production
Energy & Mineral Reserves: bones have calcium
-need for it leads to osteoporosis
Are bones organs? - ANSWER Yes - bones consist of various types of tissue -- Including
blood
Is the skeleton internal or external? - ANSWER Internal
Where do bones meet? - ANSWER At joints
Skeleton consist of - ANSWER Bones, cartilages, joints, and ligaments
How many named bones are there? - ANSWER 206
Skeleton subdivides into what? - ANSWER Axial & appendicular
Axial Skeleton includes - ANSWER Includes: Skull, vertebral, column, thoracic
cage(sternum and ribs)
,Appendicular Skeleton includes - ANSWER Includes: pectoral girdle, upper limb, pelvic
gridle, lower limbs
Axial & Appendicular Skeleton - ANSWER
Axial Skeleton amount of bones - ANSWER 80 named bones
Axial Skeleton Functions - ANSWER -Supports head, neck, and trunk
-protects brain, spinal cord, thoracic organs
Bone Markings - ANSWER characteristics on the surface of the axial and appendicular
bones that indicate attachments, articulations or openings for nerves and blood vessels,
explains Boundless.
Examples: Foramen, fossa, process, meatus, canal
Foramen (foramina) & example - ANSWER a hole in a bone (typically for nerves or blood
vessels)
Examples: foramen magnum, infraorbital foramen)
Fossa (fossae) & example - ANSWER a depression in a bone
Examples: mandibular fossa, lacrimal fossa
Process & examples - ANSWER projection from bone, narrow or wide, protrudes from
surrounding bone
ex.: styloid or mastoid process
Meatus & examples - ANSWER a hole or tube-like structure
(e.g. auditory meatus)
,Canal & examples - ANSWER a groove or tube-like structure
(e.g. optic canal)
Cartilage Tissue Structure - ANSWER Avascular (no blood supply)
Cell Type: chondrocytes (in lacunae)
Cartilage Functions - ANSWER Support soft tissues
Model for formation of bone
Gliding surface at articulations
-avascular so no blood supply
-have chondrocytes in lacunae
-cartilage in NOT soft bone
Three types of cartilage - ANSWER Hyaline, elastic, fibrocartilage
Hyaline Cartilage - ANSWER -most common kind of cartilage. Has tiny nearly invisible
collagen fibers called fibrils
-found:
ends of long bone, costal cartilages, respiratory structures, fetal Skelton
-has a glassy appearance under microscope
Fibrils - ANSWER Tiny nearly invisible collagen fibers
Hyaline Cartilage functions - ANSWER ends of long bones, costal cartilages, respiratory
structures, fetal skeleton
Elastic Cartilage - ANSWER Similar to hyaline but lots of elastic fibers. Very resilient and
, flexible, tolerates repeated bending
Elastic Cartilage is found where? - ANSWER in pinna (outer ear) and epiglottis
-has a mesh like appearance
Fibrocartilage - ANSWER has little ground substance & matrix has thick, dense collagen
fibers.
Resists strong compression
Fibrocartilage is found where? - ANSWER in inter-vertebral disks, knee joint, public
symphysis
-it helps absorbs shock in joints
Cartilage Locations - ANSWER look in notes
Bone Tissue - ANSWER Much denser than cartilage, very little fluid. Resists
compression and tension; very strong. Well vascularized, so it heals/remodels easy.
Made of organic and inorganic materials
-bone tissue is where bone has mineralize
Osteoblasts & Osteoclasts - ANSWER Bone is constantly being built up or broken down -
growth, strengthening, remodeling, healing, maintenance.
Osteoblasts - ANSWER Builds new bone
Osteoclasts - ANSWER Break down (consume) bones and are mature bone cells
Spongy Bone - ANSWER (Trabecular bone)
Inside bones
Solutions Latest Update
Functions of the Skeletal System (5) - ANSWER Support: entire body
Protection: Viscera (organs)
Movement: Attachment for the muscles
Hemopoiesis: Blood cell production
Energy & Mineral Reserves: bones have calcium
-need for it leads to osteoporosis
Are bones organs? - ANSWER Yes - bones consist of various types of tissue -- Including
blood
Is the skeleton internal or external? - ANSWER Internal
Where do bones meet? - ANSWER At joints
Skeleton consist of - ANSWER Bones, cartilages, joints, and ligaments
How many named bones are there? - ANSWER 206
Skeleton subdivides into what? - ANSWER Axial & appendicular
Axial Skeleton includes - ANSWER Includes: Skull, vertebral, column, thoracic
cage(sternum and ribs)
,Appendicular Skeleton includes - ANSWER Includes: pectoral girdle, upper limb, pelvic
gridle, lower limbs
Axial & Appendicular Skeleton - ANSWER
Axial Skeleton amount of bones - ANSWER 80 named bones
Axial Skeleton Functions - ANSWER -Supports head, neck, and trunk
-protects brain, spinal cord, thoracic organs
Bone Markings - ANSWER characteristics on the surface of the axial and appendicular
bones that indicate attachments, articulations or openings for nerves and blood vessels,
explains Boundless.
Examples: Foramen, fossa, process, meatus, canal
Foramen (foramina) & example - ANSWER a hole in a bone (typically for nerves or blood
vessels)
Examples: foramen magnum, infraorbital foramen)
Fossa (fossae) & example - ANSWER a depression in a bone
Examples: mandibular fossa, lacrimal fossa
Process & examples - ANSWER projection from bone, narrow or wide, protrudes from
surrounding bone
ex.: styloid or mastoid process
Meatus & examples - ANSWER a hole or tube-like structure
(e.g. auditory meatus)
,Canal & examples - ANSWER a groove or tube-like structure
(e.g. optic canal)
Cartilage Tissue Structure - ANSWER Avascular (no blood supply)
Cell Type: chondrocytes (in lacunae)
Cartilage Functions - ANSWER Support soft tissues
Model for formation of bone
Gliding surface at articulations
-avascular so no blood supply
-have chondrocytes in lacunae
-cartilage in NOT soft bone
Three types of cartilage - ANSWER Hyaline, elastic, fibrocartilage
Hyaline Cartilage - ANSWER -most common kind of cartilage. Has tiny nearly invisible
collagen fibers called fibrils
-found:
ends of long bone, costal cartilages, respiratory structures, fetal Skelton
-has a glassy appearance under microscope
Fibrils - ANSWER Tiny nearly invisible collagen fibers
Hyaline Cartilage functions - ANSWER ends of long bones, costal cartilages, respiratory
structures, fetal skeleton
Elastic Cartilage - ANSWER Similar to hyaline but lots of elastic fibers. Very resilient and
, flexible, tolerates repeated bending
Elastic Cartilage is found where? - ANSWER in pinna (outer ear) and epiglottis
-has a mesh like appearance
Fibrocartilage - ANSWER has little ground substance & matrix has thick, dense collagen
fibers.
Resists strong compression
Fibrocartilage is found where? - ANSWER in inter-vertebral disks, knee joint, public
symphysis
-it helps absorbs shock in joints
Cartilage Locations - ANSWER look in notes
Bone Tissue - ANSWER Much denser than cartilage, very little fluid. Resists
compression and tension; very strong. Well vascularized, so it heals/remodels easy.
Made of organic and inorganic materials
-bone tissue is where bone has mineralize
Osteoblasts & Osteoclasts - ANSWER Bone is constantly being built up or broken down -
growth, strengthening, remodeling, healing, maintenance.
Osteoblasts - ANSWER Builds new bone
Osteoclasts - ANSWER Break down (consume) bones and are mature bone cells
Spongy Bone - ANSWER (Trabecular bone)
Inside bones
