BIOL 202 Week 1 Lab 1; Microbiology Lab Safety 2024/2025
evolution - (answer)the process by which populations of living things change over a series of
generations.
more exact definition: the process by which populations of organisms change due to changes in
allele frequency over time.
alleles - (answer)alternate versions of genetic information (genes)
what evolves over time? what does not? - (answer)populations, not individual organisms
what circumstances provide the necessary conditions to evolve? - (answer)1. differential survival
and reproductive success of individuals
2. migration
3. mutations causing new alleles to form
4. population size changes
5. non-random mating
natural selection - (answer)a mechanism of evolution, where the most successful individuals
within a population survive and reproduce and the least successful do not. As a result, the most
successful individuals pass on their alleles, while others do not.
what does natural selection result in? - (answer)an allele frequency change
adaptations - (answer)changes that result in an increased fitness of an organism within a specific
environment. (e.g., the rock pocket mouse).
what are the other 4 mechanisms of evolution called? what are they known as? -
(answer)migrations
mutations
, genetic drift
non-random mating
all are forms of non adaptive in that they do not consistently lead to a better fitness of an
organism within its environment. These events randomly influence the fitness of organisms
within populations.
species - (answer)Groups of organisms made up of populations of interbreeding organisms. A
species is a type of organism that is capable of reproducing with other members of the same
species but not members of other species.
speciation - (answer)The process by which one species can form two separate species over time
when does speciation occur? - (answer)Reproductive isolation
when two populations of a single species become reproductively isolated and over time evolution
results in different changes within the separated populations
what can happen if enough changes occur? - (answer)the two populations can form two separate
species that are now reproductively isolated from each other due to the accumulated genetic
differences
biodiversity - (answer)variety of life
why did the rock pocket mice's fur turn black over time? - (answer)although mutation is random,
evolution is not. Therefore, the mice population turned black after a random mutation occurred
and turned one mouse black, after that trait was shown to be best suited for the rock
environment, the mice evolved to mostly have black fur.
systematics - (answer)scientists who study evolutionary relationships using the similarities and
differences between organisms to classify taxa and reconstructed the tree of life
taxa - (answer)groups of related organisms; singular taxon
evolution - (answer)the process by which populations of living things change over a series of
generations.
more exact definition: the process by which populations of organisms change due to changes in
allele frequency over time.
alleles - (answer)alternate versions of genetic information (genes)
what evolves over time? what does not? - (answer)populations, not individual organisms
what circumstances provide the necessary conditions to evolve? - (answer)1. differential survival
and reproductive success of individuals
2. migration
3. mutations causing new alleles to form
4. population size changes
5. non-random mating
natural selection - (answer)a mechanism of evolution, where the most successful individuals
within a population survive and reproduce and the least successful do not. As a result, the most
successful individuals pass on their alleles, while others do not.
what does natural selection result in? - (answer)an allele frequency change
adaptations - (answer)changes that result in an increased fitness of an organism within a specific
environment. (e.g., the rock pocket mouse).
what are the other 4 mechanisms of evolution called? what are they known as? -
(answer)migrations
mutations
, genetic drift
non-random mating
all are forms of non adaptive in that they do not consistently lead to a better fitness of an
organism within its environment. These events randomly influence the fitness of organisms
within populations.
species - (answer)Groups of organisms made up of populations of interbreeding organisms. A
species is a type of organism that is capable of reproducing with other members of the same
species but not members of other species.
speciation - (answer)The process by which one species can form two separate species over time
when does speciation occur? - (answer)Reproductive isolation
when two populations of a single species become reproductively isolated and over time evolution
results in different changes within the separated populations
what can happen if enough changes occur? - (answer)the two populations can form two separate
species that are now reproductively isolated from each other due to the accumulated genetic
differences
biodiversity - (answer)variety of life
why did the rock pocket mice's fur turn black over time? - (answer)although mutation is random,
evolution is not. Therefore, the mice population turned black after a random mutation occurred
and turned one mouse black, after that trait was shown to be best suited for the rock
environment, the mice evolved to mostly have black fur.
systematics - (answer)scientists who study evolutionary relationships using the similarities and
differences between organisms to classify taxa and reconstructed the tree of life
taxa - (answer)groups of related organisms; singular taxon
