NSG3022
Pharmacotherapeutics I
LATEST FINAL EXAM REVIEW
Q&S
©2024/2025
,1. Which of the following factors most significantly influences the
pharmacokinetics of a drug in elderly patients?
- A) Renal function
- B) Age
- C) Body weight
- D) Gender
Answer: A) Renal function
Rationale: Renal function decline is a common change in elderly
patients, affecting drug clearance and thereby influencing
pharmacokinetics.
2. A patient is prescribed a drug that is a CYP3A4 substrate.
Which agent should be avoided to prevent increased drug levels?
- A) Grapefruit juice
- B) Omeprazole
- C) Acetaminophen
- D) Metformin
Answer: A) Grapefruit juice
Rationale: Grapefruit juice inhibits CYP3A4, leading to
increased levels of drugs that are metabolized by this enzyme.
©2024/2025
, 3. What is the preferred route of administration for a drug that
undergoes significant first-pass metabolism?
- A) Oral
- B) Intravenous
- C) Sublingual
- D) Intramuscular
Answer: B) Intravenous
Rationale: Intravenous administration bypasses the first-pass
metabolism, increasing drug bioavailability.
4. Which class of diuretics is most associated with causing
hyperkalemia?
- A) Thiazide diuretics
- B) Loop diuretics
- C) Potassium-sparing diuretics
- D) Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
Answer: C) Potassium-sparing diuretics
Rationale: Potassium-sparing diuretics reduce the excretion of
potassium, possibly leading to hyperkalemia.
©2024/2025
Pharmacotherapeutics I
LATEST FINAL EXAM REVIEW
Q&S
©2024/2025
,1. Which of the following factors most significantly influences the
pharmacokinetics of a drug in elderly patients?
- A) Renal function
- B) Age
- C) Body weight
- D) Gender
Answer: A) Renal function
Rationale: Renal function decline is a common change in elderly
patients, affecting drug clearance and thereby influencing
pharmacokinetics.
2. A patient is prescribed a drug that is a CYP3A4 substrate.
Which agent should be avoided to prevent increased drug levels?
- A) Grapefruit juice
- B) Omeprazole
- C) Acetaminophen
- D) Metformin
Answer: A) Grapefruit juice
Rationale: Grapefruit juice inhibits CYP3A4, leading to
increased levels of drugs that are metabolized by this enzyme.
©2024/2025
, 3. What is the preferred route of administration for a drug that
undergoes significant first-pass metabolism?
- A) Oral
- B) Intravenous
- C) Sublingual
- D) Intramuscular
Answer: B) Intravenous
Rationale: Intravenous administration bypasses the first-pass
metabolism, increasing drug bioavailability.
4. Which class of diuretics is most associated with causing
hyperkalemia?
- A) Thiazide diuretics
- B) Loop diuretics
- C) Potassium-sparing diuretics
- D) Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
Answer: C) Potassium-sparing diuretics
Rationale: Potassium-sparing diuretics reduce the excretion of
potassium, possibly leading to hyperkalemia.
©2024/2025
